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#!/usr/bin/perl -w |
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# |
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# psinib - Perl Snapshot Is Not Incremental Backup |
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# |
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# written by Dobrica Pavlinusic <dpavlin@rot13.org> 2003-01-03 |
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# released under GPL v2 or later. |
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# |
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# Backup SMB directories using file produced by LinNeighbourhood (or some |
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# other program [vi :-)] which produces file in format: |
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# |
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# smbmount service mountpoint options |
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# |
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# |
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# usage: |
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# $ psinib.pl mountscript |
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|
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use strict 'vars'; |
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use Data::Dumper; |
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use Net::Ping; |
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use POSIX qw(strftime); |
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use List::Compare; |
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use Filesys::SmbClient; |
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#use Taint; |
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use Fcntl qw(LOCK_EX LOCK_NB); |
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use Digest::MD5; |
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use File::Basename; |
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|
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# configuration |
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my $LOG_TIME_FMT = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'; # strftime format for logfile |
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my $DIR_TIME_FMT = '%Y%m%d'; # strftime format for backup dir |
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|
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my $LOG = '/var/log/backup.log'; # add path here... |
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#$LOG = '/tmp/backup.log'; |
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|
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# store backups in which directory |
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my $BACKUP_DEST = '/backup/isis_backup'; |
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|
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# files to ignore in backup |
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my @ignore = ('.md5sum', '.backupignore', 'backupignore.txt'); |
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|
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# open log |
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open(L, ">> $LOG") || die "can't open log $LOG: $!"; |
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select((select(L), $|=1)[0]); # flush output |
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|
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# make a lock on logfile |
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|
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my $c = 0; |
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{ |
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flock L, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB and last; |
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sleep 1; |
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redo if ++$c < 10; |
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# no response for 10 sec, bail out |
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print STDERR "can't take lock on $LOG -- another $0 running?\n"; |
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exit 1; |
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} |
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|
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# taint path: nmblookup should be there! |
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$ENV{'PATH'} = "/usr/bin:/bin"; |
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|
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my $mounts = shift @ARGV || |
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'mountscript'; |
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# die "usage: $0 mountscript"; |
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|
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|
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my @in_backup; # shares which are backeduped this run |
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|
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my $p = new Net::Ping->new("tcp", 2); |
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# ping will try tcp connect to netbios-ssn (139) |
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$p->{port_num} = getservbyname("netbios-ssn", "tcp"); |
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|
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my $backup_ok = 0; |
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|
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my $smb; |
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my %smb_atime; |
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my %smb_mtime; |
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my %file_md5; |
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|
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open(M, $mounts) || die "can't open $mounts: $!"; |
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while(<M>) { |
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chomp; |
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next if !/^\s*smbmount\s/; |
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my (undef,$share,undef,$opt) = split(/\s+/,$_,4); |
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|
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my ($user,$passwd,$workgroup); |
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|
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foreach (split(/,/,$opt)) { |
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my ($n,$v) = split(/=/,$_,2); |
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if ($n =~ m/username/i) { |
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if ($v =~ m#^(.+)/(.+)%(.+)$#) { |
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($user,$passwd,$workgroup) = ($1,$2,$3); |
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} elsif ($v =~ m#^(.+)/(.+)$#) { |
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($user,$workgroup) = ($1,$2); |
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} elsif ($v =~ m#^(.+)%(.+)$#) { |
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($user,$passwd) = ($1,$2); |
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} else { |
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$user = $v; |
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} |
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} elsif ($n =~ m#workgroup#i) { |
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$workgroup = $v; |
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} |
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} |
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|
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push @in_backup,$share; |
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|
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|
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my ($host,$dir,$date_dir) = share2host_dir($share); |
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my $bl = "$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir/latest"; # latest backup |
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my $bc = "$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir/$date_dir"; # current one |
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my $real_bl; |
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if (-e $bl) { |
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$real_bl=readlink($bl) || die "can't read link $bl: $!"; |
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$real_bl="$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir/$real_bl" if (substr($real_bl,0,1) ne "/"); |
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if (-e $bc && $real_bl eq $bc) { |
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print "$share allready backuped...\n"; |
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$backup_ok++; |
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next; |
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} |
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|
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} |
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|
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|
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print "working on $share\n"; |
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|
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|
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my $ip = get_ip($share); |
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|
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if ($ip) { |
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xlog($share,"IP is $ip"); |
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if ($p->ping($ip)) { |
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snap_share($share,$user,$passwd,$workgroup); |
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$backup_ok++; |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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close(M); |
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|
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xlog("","$backup_ok backups completed of total ".($#in_backup+1)." this time (".int($backup_ok*100/($#in_backup+1))." %)"); |
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|
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1; |
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|
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#------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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|
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|
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# get IP number from share |
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sub get_ip { |
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my $share = shift; |
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|
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my $host = $1 if ($share =~ m#//([^/]+)/#); |
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|
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my $ip = `nmblookup $host`; |
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if ($ip =~ m/(\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+)\s$host/i) { |
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return $1; |
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} |
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} |
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|
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|
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# write entry to screen and log |
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sub xlog { |
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my $share = shift; |
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my $t = strftime $LOG_TIME_FMT, localtime; |
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my $m = shift || '[no log entry]'; |
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print STDERR $m,"\n"; |
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print L "$t $share\t$m\n"; |
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} |
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|
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# dump warn and dies into log |
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BEGIN { $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { xlog('WARN',$_[0]) ; warn $_[0] } } |
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BEGIN { $SIG{'__DIE__'} = sub { xlog('DIE',$_[0]) ; die $_[0] } } |
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|
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|
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# split share name to host, dir and currnet date dir |
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sub share2host_dir { |
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my $share = shift; |
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my ($host,$dir); |
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if ($share =~ m#//([^/]+)/(.+)$#) { |
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($host,$dir) = ($1,$2); |
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$dir =~ s/\W/_/g; |
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$dir =~ s/^_+//; |
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$dir =~ s/_+$//; |
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} else { |
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print "Can't parse share $share into host and directory!\n"; |
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return; |
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} |
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return ($host,$dir,strftime $DIR_TIME_FMT, localtime); |
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} |
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|
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|
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# make a snapshot of a share |
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sub snap_share { |
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|
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my $share = shift; |
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|
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my %param = ( debug => 0 ); |
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|
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$param{username} = shift || warn "can't find username for share $share"; |
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$param{password} = shift || warn "can't find passwod for share $share"; |
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$param{workgroup} = shift || warn "can't find workgroup for share $share"; |
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|
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my ($host,$dir,$date_dir) = share2host_dir($share); |
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|
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# latest backup directory |
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my $bl = "$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir/latest"; |
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# current backup directory |
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my $bc = "$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir/$date_dir"; |
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|
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my $real_bl; |
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if (-e $bl) { |
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$real_bl=readlink($bl) || die "can't read link $bl: $!"; |
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$real_bl="$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir/$real_bl" if (substr($real_bl,0,1) ne "/"); |
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} else { |
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print "no old backup, trying to find last backup, "; |
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if (opendir(BL_DIR, "$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir")) { |
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my @bl_dirs = sort grep { !/^\./ && -d "$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir/$_" } readdir(BL_DIR); |
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closedir(BL_DIR); |
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$real_bl=pop @bl_dirs; |
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print "using $real_bl as latest...\n"; |
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$real_bl="$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir/$real_bl" if (substr($real_bl,0,1) ne "/"); |
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if ($real_bl eq $bc) { |
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xlog($share,"latest from today (possible partial backup)"); |
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rename $real_bl,$real_bl.".partial" || warn "can't reaname partial backup: $!"; |
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$real_bl .= ".partial"; |
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} |
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} else { |
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print "this is first run...\n"; |
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} |
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} |
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|
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if (-e $bc && $real_bl && $real_bl eq $bc) { |
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print "$share allready backuped...\n"; |
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return; |
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} |
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|
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die "You should really create BACKUP_DEST [$BACKUP_DEST] by hand! " if (!-e $BACKUP_DEST); |
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|
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if (! -e "$BACKUP_DEST/$host") { |
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mkdir "$BACKUP_DEST/$host" || die "can't make dir for host $host, $BACKUP_DEST/$host: $!"; |
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print "created host directory $BACKUP_DEST/$host...\n"; |
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} |
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|
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if (! -e "$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir") { |
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mkdir "$BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir" || die "can't make dir for share $share, $BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir $!"; |
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print "created dir for share $share, $BACKUP_DEST/$host/$dir...\n"; |
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} |
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|
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mkdir $bc || die "can't make dir for current backup $bc: $!"; |
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|
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my @dirs = ( "/" ); |
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my @smb_dirs = ( "/" ); |
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|
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my $transfer = 0; # bytes transfered over network |
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|
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# this will store all available files and sizes |
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my @files; |
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my %file_size; |
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my %file_atime; |
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my %file_mtime; |
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#my %file_md5; |
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|
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my @smb_files; |
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my %smb_size; |
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#my %smb_atime; |
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#my %smb_mtime; |
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|
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sub norm_dir { |
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my $foo = shift; |
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my $prefix = shift; |
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$foo =~ s#//+#/#g; |
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$foo =~ s#/+$##g; |
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$foo =~ s#^/+##g; |
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return $prefix.$foo if ($prefix); |
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return $foo; |
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} |
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|
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# read local filesystem |
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my $di = 0; |
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while ($di <= $#dirs && $real_bl) { |
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my $d=$dirs[$di++]; |
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opendir(DIR,"$real_bl/$d") || warn "opendir($real_bl/$d): $!\n"; |
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|
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# read .backupignore if exists |
281 |
if (-f "$real_bl/$d/.backupignore") { |
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open(I,"$real_bl/$d/.backupignore"); |
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while(<I>) { |
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chomp; |
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push @ignore,norm_dir("$d/$_"); |
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} |
287 |
close(I); |
288 |
print STDERR "ignore: ",join("|",@ignore),"\n"; |
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link "$real_bl/$d/.backupignore","$bc/$d/.backupignore" || |
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warn "can't copy $real_bl/$d/.backupignore to current backup dir: $!\n"; |
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} |
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|
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# read .md5sum if exists |
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if (-f "$real_bl/$d/.md5sum") { |
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open(I,"$real_bl/$d/.md5sum"); |
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while(<I>) { |
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chomp; |
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my ($md5,$f) = split(/\s+/,$_,2); |
299 |
$file_md5{$f}=$md5; |
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} |
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close(I); |
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} |
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|
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my @clutter = readdir(DIR); |
305 |
foreach my $f (@clutter) { |
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next if ($f eq '.'); |
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next if ($f eq '..'); |
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my $pr = norm_dir("$d/$f"); # path relative |
309 |
my $pf = norm_dir("$d/$f","$real_bl/"); # path full |
310 |
if (grep(/^\Q$pr\E$/,@ignore) == 0) { |
311 |
if (-f $pf) { |
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push @files,$pr; |
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$file_size{$pr}=(stat($pf))[7]; |
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$file_atime{$pr}=(stat($pf))[8]; |
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$file_mtime{$pr}=(stat($pf))[9]; |
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} elsif (-d $pf) { |
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push @dirs,$pr; |
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} else { |
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print STDERR "unknown type: $pf\n"; |
320 |
} |
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} else { |
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print STDERR "ignored: $pr\n"; |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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|
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xlog($share,($#files+1)." files and ".($#dirs+1)." dirs on local disk before backup"); |
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|
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# read smb filesystem |
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|
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xlog($share,"smb to $share as $param{username}/$param{workgroup}"); |
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|
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# FIX: how to aviod creation of ~/.smb/smb.conf ? |
334 |
$smb = new Filesys::SmbClient(%param) || die "SmbClient :$!\n"; |
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|
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$di = 0; |
337 |
while ($di <= $#smb_dirs) { |
338 |
my $d=$smb_dirs[$di++]; |
339 |
my $pf = norm_dir($d,"smb:$share/"); # path full |
340 |
my $D = $smb->opendir($pf) || warn "smb->opendir($pf): $!\n"; |
341 |
|
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my @clutter = $smb->readdir_struct($D); |
343 |
foreach my $item (@clutter) { |
344 |
my $f = $item->[1]; |
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next if ($f eq '.'); |
346 |
next if ($f eq '..'); |
347 |
my $pr = norm_dir("$d/$f"); # path relative |
348 |
my $pf = norm_dir("$d/$f","smb:$share/"); # path full |
349 |
if (grep(/^\Q$pr\E$/,@ignore) == 0) { |
350 |
if ($item->[0] == main::SMBC_FILE) { |
351 |
push @smb_files,$pr; |
352 |
$smb_size{$pr}=($smb->stat($pf))[7]; |
353 |
$smb_atime{$pr}=($smb->stat($pf))[10]; |
354 |
$smb_mtime{$pr}=($smb->stat($pf))[11]; |
355 |
} elsif ($item->[0] == main::SMBC_DIR) { |
356 |
push @smb_dirs,$pr; |
357 |
} else { |
358 |
print STDERR "unknown type: $pf\n"; |
359 |
} |
360 |
} else { |
361 |
print STDERR "smb ignored: $pr\n"; |
362 |
} |
363 |
} |
364 |
} |
365 |
|
366 |
xlog($share,($#smb_files+1)." files and ".($#smb_dirs+1)." dirs on remote share"); |
367 |
|
368 |
# sync dirs |
369 |
my $lc = List::Compare->new(\@dirs, \@smb_dirs); |
370 |
|
371 |
my @dirs2erase = $lc->get_Lonly; |
372 |
my @dirs2create = $lc->get_Ronly; |
373 |
xlog($share,($#dirs2erase+1)." dirs to erase and ".($#dirs2create+1)." dirs to create"); |
374 |
|
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# create new dirs |
376 |
foreach (sort @smb_dirs) { |
377 |
mkdir "$bc/$_" || warn "mkdir $_: $!\n"; |
378 |
} |
379 |
|
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# sync files |
381 |
$lc = List::Compare->new(\@files, \@smb_files); |
382 |
|
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my @files2erase = $lc->get_Lonly; |
384 |
my @files2create = $lc->get_Ronly; |
385 |
xlog($share,($#files2erase+1)." files to erase and ".($#files2create+1)." files to create"); |
386 |
|
387 |
sub smb_copy { |
388 |
my $smb = shift; |
389 |
|
390 |
my $from = shift; |
391 |
my $to = shift; |
392 |
|
393 |
|
394 |
my $l = 0; |
395 |
|
396 |
foreach my $f (@_) { |
397 |
#print "smb_copy $from/$f -> $to/$f\n"; |
398 |
if (! open(F,"> $to/$f")) { |
399 |
print STDERR "can't open new file $to/$f: $!\n"; |
400 |
next; |
401 |
} |
402 |
|
403 |
my $md5 = Digest::MD5->new; |
404 |
|
405 |
my $fd = $smb->open("$from/$f"); |
406 |
if (! $fd) { |
407 |
print STDERR "can't open smb file $from/$f: $!\n"; |
408 |
next; |
409 |
} |
410 |
|
411 |
while (defined(my $b=$smb->read($fd,4096))) { |
412 |
print F $b; |
413 |
$l += length($b); |
414 |
$md5->add($b); |
415 |
} |
416 |
|
417 |
$smb->close($fd); |
418 |
close(F); |
419 |
|
420 |
$file_md5{$f} = $md5->hexdigest; |
421 |
|
422 |
# FIX: this fails with -T |
423 |
my ($a,$m) = ($smb->stat("$from/$f"))[10,11]; |
424 |
utime $a, $m, "$to/$f" || |
425 |
warn "can't update utime on $to/$f: $!\n"; |
426 |
|
427 |
} |
428 |
return $l; |
429 |
} |
430 |
|
431 |
# copy new files |
432 |
foreach (@files2create) { |
433 |
$transfer += smb_copy($smb,"smb:$share",$bc,$_); |
434 |
} |
435 |
|
436 |
my $size_sync = 0; |
437 |
my $atime_sync = 0; |
438 |
my $mtime_sync = 0; |
439 |
my @sync_files; |
440 |
my @ln_files; |
441 |
|
442 |
foreach ($lc->get_intersection) { |
443 |
|
444 |
my $f; |
445 |
|
446 |
if ($file_size{$_} != $smb_size{$_}) { |
447 |
$f=$_; |
448 |
$size_sync++; |
449 |
} |
450 |
if ($file_atime{$_} != $smb_atime{$_}) { |
451 |
$f=$_; |
452 |
$atime_sync++; |
453 |
} |
454 |
if ($file_mtime{$_} != $smb_mtime{$_}) { |
455 |
$f=$_; |
456 |
$mtime_sync++; |
457 |
} |
458 |
|
459 |
if ($f) { |
460 |
push @sync_files, $f; |
461 |
} else { |
462 |
push @ln_files, $_; |
463 |
} |
464 |
} |
465 |
|
466 |
xlog($share,($#sync_files+1)." files will be updated (diff: $size_sync size, $atime_sync atime, $mtime_sync mtime), ".($#ln_files+1)." will be linked."); |
467 |
|
468 |
foreach (@sync_files) { |
469 |
$transfer += smb_copy($smb,"smb:$share",$bc,$_); |
470 |
} |
471 |
|
472 |
xlog($share,"$transfer bytes transfered..."); |
473 |
|
474 |
foreach (@ln_files) { |
475 |
link "$real_bl/$_","$bc/$_" || warn "link $real_bl/$_ -> $bc/$_: $!\n"; |
476 |
} |
477 |
|
478 |
# remove files |
479 |
foreach (sort @files2erase) { |
480 |
unlink "$bc/$_" || warn "unlink $_: $!\n"; |
481 |
} |
482 |
|
483 |
# remove not needed dirs (after files) |
484 |
foreach (sort @dirs2erase) { |
485 |
rmdir "$bc/$_" || warn "rmdir $_: $!\n"; |
486 |
} |
487 |
|
488 |
# remove old .md5sum |
489 |
foreach (sort @dirs) { |
490 |
unlink "$bc/$_/.md5sum" if (-e "$bc/$_/.md5sum"); |
491 |
} |
492 |
|
493 |
# create .md5sum |
494 |
my $last_dir = ''; |
495 |
my $md5; |
496 |
foreach my $f (sort { $file_md5{$a} cmp $file_md5{$b} } keys %file_md5) { |
497 |
my $dir = dirname($f); |
498 |
my $file = basename($f); |
499 |
#print "$f -- $dir / $file<--\n"; |
500 |
if ($dir ne $last_dir) { |
501 |
close($md5) if ($md5); |
502 |
open($md5, ">> $bc/$dir/.md5sum") || warn "can't create $bc/$dir/.md5sum: $!"; |
503 |
$last_dir = $dir; |
504 |
#print STDERR "writing $last_dir/.md5sum\n"; |
505 |
} |
506 |
print $md5 $file_md5{$f}," $file\n"; |
507 |
} |
508 |
close($md5); |
509 |
|
510 |
# create leatest link |
511 |
#print "ln -s $bc $real_bl\n"; |
512 |
if (-e $bl) { |
513 |
unlink $bl || warn "can't remove old latest symlink $bl: $!\n"; |
514 |
} |
515 |
symlink $bc,$bl || warn "can't create latest symlink $bl -> $bc: $!\n"; |
516 |
|
517 |
# FIX: sanity check -- remove for speedup |
518 |
xlog($share,"failed to create latest symlink...") if (readlink($bl) ne $bc || ! -e $bl); |
519 |
|
520 |
xlog($share,"backup completed..."); |
521 |
} |
522 |
|
523 |
__END__ |
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#------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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|
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|
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=head1 NAME |
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|
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psinib - Perl Snapshot Is Not Incremental Backup |
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|
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=head1 SYNOPSIS |
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|
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./psinib.pl |
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|
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=head1 DESCRIPTION |
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|
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This script in current version support just backup of Samba (or Micro$oft |
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Winblowz) shares to central disk space. Central disk space is organized in |
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multiple directories named after: |
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|
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=over 4 |
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|
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=item * |
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server which is sharing files to be backed up |
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|
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=item * |
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name of share on server |
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|
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=item * |
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dated directory named like standard ISO date format (YYYYMMDD). |
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|
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=back |
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|
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In each dated directory you will find I<snapshot> of all files on |
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exported share on that particular date. |
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|
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You can also use symlink I<latest> which will lead you to |
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last completed backup. After that you can use some other backup |
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software to transfer I<snapshot> to tape, CD-ROM or some other media. |
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|
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=head2 Design considerations |
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|
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Since taking of share snapshot every day requires a lot of disk space and |
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network bandwidth, B<psinib> uses several techniques to keep disk usage and |
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network traffic at acceptable level: |
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|
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=over 3 |
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|
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=item - usage of hard-links to provide same files in each snapshot (as opposed |
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to have multiple copies of same file) |
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|
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=item - usage of file size, atime and mtime to find changes of files without |
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transferring whole file over network (just share browsing is transfered |
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over network) |
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|
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=item - usage of C<.md5sum> files (compatible with command-line utility |
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C<md5sum>) to keep file between snapshots hard-linked |
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|
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=back |
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|
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=head1 CONFIGURATION |
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|
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This section is not yet written. |
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|
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=head1 HACKS, TRICKS, BUGS and LIMITATIONS |
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|
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This chapter will have all content that doesn't fit anywhere else. |
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|
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=head2 Can snapshots be more frequent than daily? |
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|
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There is not real reason why you can't take snapshot more often than |
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once a day. Actually, if you are using B<psinib> to backup Windows |
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workstations you already know that they tend to come-and-go during the day |
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(reboots probably ;-), so running B<psinib> several times a day increases |
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your chance of having up-to-date backup (B<psinib> will not make multiple |
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snapshots for same day, nor will it update snapshot for current day if |
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it already exists). |
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|
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However, changing B<psinib> to produce snapshots which are, for example, hourly |
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is a simple change of C<$DIR_TIME_FMT> which is currently set to |
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C<'%Y%m%d'> (see I<strftime> documentation for explanation of that |
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format). If you change that to C<'%Y%m%d-%H> you can have hourly snapshots |
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(if your network is fast enough, that is...). Also, some of messages in |
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program will sound strange, but other than that it should work. |
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I<You have been warned>. |
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|
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=head2 Do I really need to share every directory which I want to snapshot? |
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|
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Actually, no. Due to usage of C<Filesys::SmbClient> module, you can also |
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specify sub-directory inside your share that you want to backup. This feature |
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is most useful if you want to use administrative shares (but, have in mind |
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that you have to enter your Win administrator password in unencrypted file on |
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disk to do that) like this: |
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|
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smbmount //server/c$/WinNT/fonts /mnt -o username=administrator%win |
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|
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After that you will get directories with snapshots like: |
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|
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server/c_WinNT_fonts/yyyymmdd/.... |
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|
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=head2 Won't I run out of disk space? |
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|
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Of course you will... Snapshots and logfiles will eventually fill-up your disk. |
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However, you can do two things to stop that: |
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|
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=head3 Clean snapshort older than x days |
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|
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You can add following command to your C<root> crontab: |
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|
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find /backup/isis_backup -type d -mindepth 3 -maxdepth 3 -mtime +11 -exec rm -Rf {} \; |
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|
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I assume that C</backup/isis_backup> is directory in which are your snapshots |
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and that you don't want to keep snapshots older than 11 days (that's |
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C<-mtime +11> part of command). |
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|
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=head3 Rotate your logs |
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|
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I will leave that to you. I relay on GNU/Debian's C<logrotate> to do it for me. |
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|
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=head2 What are I<YYYYMMDD.partial> directories? |
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|
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If there isn't I<latest> symlink in snapshot directory, it's preatty safe to |
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assume that previous backup from that day failed. So, that directory will |
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be renamed to I<YYYYMMDD.partial> and snapshot will be performed again, |
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linking same files (other alternative would be to erase that dir and find |
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second-oldest directory, but this seemed like more correct approach). |
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|
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=head1 AUTHOR |
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|
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Dobrica Pavlinusic <dpavlin@rot13.org> |
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|
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L<https://www.rot13.org/~dpavlin/> |
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|
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=head1 LICENSE |
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|
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This product is licensed under GNU Public License (GPL) v2 or later. |
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|
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=cut |