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<b>Gavare's eXperimental Emulator:</b></font><br> |
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<font color="#000000" size="6"><b>Installing and running "guest OSes"</b> |
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</font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p> |
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<a href="./">Back to the index</a> |
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|
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<p><br> |
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<h2>Installing and running "guest OSes"</h2> |
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|
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<p> |
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<ul> |
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<li><a href="#generalnotes">General notes on running "guest OSes"</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">NetBSD/pmax 3.0 or 1.6.2</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdarcinstall">NetBSD/arc 1.6.2</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdhpcmipsinstall">NetBSD/hpcmips 3.0</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdcobaltinstall">NetBSD/cobalt 2.1</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips 2.1</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdsgimips">NetBSD/sgimips 3.0</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">NetBSD/cats 3.0</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdevbarminstall">NetBSD/evbarm 2.1</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdprepinstall">NetBSD/prep 2.1</a> |
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<li><a href="#openbsdpmaxinstall">OpenBSD/pmax 2.8-BETA</a> |
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<li><a href="#openbsdcatsinstall">OpenBSD/cats 3.9</a> |
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<li><a href="#ultrixinstall">Ultrix/RISC 4.5</a> |
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<li><a href="#sprite">Sprite for DECstation</a> |
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<li><a href="#declinux">Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation</a> |
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<li><a href="#declinuxredhat">Redhat Linux for DECstation</a> |
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</ul> |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p><br> |
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<a name="generalnotes"></a> |
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<h3>General notes on running "guest OSes":</h3> |
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|
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The emulator works well enough to run complete operating systems. These |
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are often refered to as <i>guest</i> operating systems, in contrast to the |
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<i>host</i> operating system which the emulator is running under. |
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|
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<p>Although it is possible to let a guest OS access real hardware, such as |
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harddisks, it is much more flexible and attractive to simulate harddisks |
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using files residing in the host's filesystem. On Unix-like systems, files |
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may contain holes, which makes this really simple. To the guest operating |
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system, the harddisk image looks and acts like a real disk. |
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|
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<p>The version numbers of the various operating systems were the latest |
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versions that worked satisfactory with GXemul at the time this page was |
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updated; if new versions have been released since then, they might work as |
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well. |
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|
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<p>In addition to the "working" guest operating systems listed above, |
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you might find the following information interesting: (Some of these might |
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not be relevant for this specific release of GXemul.) |
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|
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<ul> |
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<li><a href="#mach">Mach/PMAX</a> |
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<li><a href="#openbsdsgiinstall">OpenBSD/sgi</a> |
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<li><a href="#openbsdarcinstall">OpenBSD/arc 2.3</a> |
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<li><a href="#debiancats">Debian GNU/Linux for CATS</a> |
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<li><a href="#linux_qemu_mips">Linux/QEMU_MIPS</a> |
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<li><a href="#windows_nt_mips">Windows NT/MIPS</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdnetwinderinstall">NetBSD/netwinder 2.1</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdmacppcinstall">NetBSD/macppc 3.0</a> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<p>Some operating systems are listed with a version number <i>less</i> |
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than what was available at the time of this GXemul release (e.g. |
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NetBSD/prep). The reasons for this is because of incompleteness in |
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GXemul's machine, device, and/or processor implementations. |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p><br> |
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<a name="netbsdpmaxinstall"></a> |
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<h3>NetBSD/pmax:</h3> |
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|
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<p><a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/pmax/">NetBSD/pmax</a> was the |
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first guest OS that could be |
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<a href="http://mail-index.netbsd.org/port-pmax/2004/04/18/0000.html">installed</a> |
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onto a disk image in GXemul. The device emulation of the DECstation |
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5000/200 is reasonably complete; it should be enough to emulate a |
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networked X-windows-capable workstation. |
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|
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<p>NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2 works perfectly with X out-of-the-box. Unfortunately, |
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newer NetBSD releases have changed slightly, and nowadays X does not |
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work straight away. (It seems that this has to do with NetBSD switching |
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console system to "WSCONS" somewhere between 1.6.2 and 2.0. I haven't had |
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time to figure out how to make it work; at worst it might require a kernel |
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recompilation.) What this means is that if you want to use emulated X11, |
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then you need to run NetBSD 1.6.2. If you feel that you only need |
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serial-console emulation, then choose the latest NetBSD version available. |
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|
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<p> |
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<a href="20050317-example.png"><img src="20050317-example_small.png"></a> |
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|
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<p>To install NetBSD/pmax onto a harddisk image in the emulator, |
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follow these instructions: |
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|
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<p><ol start="1"> |
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<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
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that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre> |
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<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1900000</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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</ol> |
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|
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<p> |
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From this point, there are two separate ways to continue the installation. |
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You can either download a CD-ROM iso image (and let the installation |
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program copy files from the CD-ROM image to the harddisk image), or you |
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can install via ftp. For an installation from a CD-ROM image, follow these |
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steps: |
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<p> |
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<ol start="2"> |
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|
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<li>Download a NetBSD CD-ROM iso image:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso</a> |
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or |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/pmaxcd-3.0.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/pmaxcd-3.0.iso</a> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Start the emulator like this:<pre> |
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<b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d bc:pmaxcd-3.0.iso</b> |
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(or <b>pmaxcd.iso</b>) |
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</pre> |
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and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real |
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DECstation. Remember to choose <tt>vt100</tt> as your terminal |
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type, and not <tt>rcons</tt>. |
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</ol> |
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<p> |
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For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 and 3 above with these: |
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<p> |
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<ol start="2"> |
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|
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<li>Download a NetBSD pmax INSTALL kernel:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a> |
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or |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Start the emulator like this:<pre> |
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<b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -O netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b> |
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</pre> |
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and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real |
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DECstation. Remember to choose <tt>vt100</tt> as your terminal |
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type, and not <tt>rcons</tt>. Suitable networking parameters are as |
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follows:<pre> |
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Which device shall I use? [le0]: <b>le0</b> |
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.. |
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Your DNS domain: <b>mydomain.com</b> |
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Your host name: <b>foo</b> |
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Your IPv4 number: <b>10.0.0.1</b> |
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IPv4 Netmask [0xff000000]: <b>0xff000000</b> |
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IPv4 gateway: <b>10.0.0.254</b> |
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IPv4 name server: <b>10.0.0.254</b> |
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</pre> |
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(If using 10.0.0.254 as the nameserver fails, then try entering the |
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IP number of a real-world nameserver instead.) |
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</ol> |
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|
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<p>If you want to use a graphical framebuffer during the install, you can |
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add <b><tt>-X -Y2</tt></b> to the command line, and choose <tt>rcons</tt> |
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instead of <tt>vt100</tt> when prompted with which terminal type to use. |
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(By just using <tt><b>-X</b></tt>, you will get a full-size framebuffer |
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window.) |
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|
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<p>When the installation is finished, the following command should start |
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NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre> |
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<b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p>If you installed NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2, then try the following to start |
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with a framebuffer:<pre> |
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<b>gxemul -X -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b> |
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</pre> |
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and log in as <tt>root</tt> and type <tt>startx</tt> to start X windows. |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p><br> |
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<a name="netbsdarcinstall"></a> |
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<h3>NetBSD/arc:</h3> |
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|
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It is possible to install and run an old version of <a |
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href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/arc/">NetBSD/arc</a> |
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on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the emulator. |
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|
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<p> |
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|
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<a href="20041024-netbsd-arc-installed.gif"><img src="20041024-netbsd-arc-installed_small.gif"></a> |
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|
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<p> |
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To install NetBSD/arc 1.6.2 from a CDROM image onto an emulated |
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harddisk image, follow these instructions: |
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|
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<p> |
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<ol start="1"> |
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<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
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that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre> |
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<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=900000</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Download a NetBSD/arc 1.6.2 CDROM image, and a generic NetBSD/arc |
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kernel:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso</a> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre> |
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<b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img -d bc:arccd.iso \ |
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-j arc/binary/kernel/netbsd.RAMDISK.gz</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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(Try removing <tt>-x</tt> if you have problems with the xterm.) |
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<p> |
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<li>From now on, you have to use your imagination, as there is no |
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automatic installation program for NetBSD/arc 1.6.2. Here are |
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some tips and hints on how you can proceed with the install: |
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<p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
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<b>mount /dev/cd0a /mnt2 |
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disklabel -i -I sd0</b> (for example 'a', '4.2BSD', '1c', |
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'700M', 'b', 'swap', '701M', '$', 'P', 'W', 'y', and 'Q') |
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<b>newfs /dev/sd0a |
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mount /dev/sd0a /mnt |
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cd /mnt |
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for a in /mnt2/arc/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar xzpf $a; done |
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cd dev; sh MAKEDEV all |
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cd ../etc; echo "rc_configured=YES" >> rc.conf |
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cat > /mnt/etc/fstab |
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/dev/sd0a / ffs rw 1 1 |
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/dev/sd0b none swap sw 0 0 |
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</b>(press ctrl-d) |
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<b>cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2 |
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halt</b> |
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</pre></td></tr></table> |
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</ol> |
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|
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<p>You can now use the generic NetBSD/arc kernel to boot from the harddisk |
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image, using the following command:<pre> |
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<b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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|
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<p>When asked for "<tt>root device: </tt>", enter <b><tt>sd0</tt></b>. |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p><br> |
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<a name="netbsdhpcmipsinstall"></a> |
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<h3>NetBSD/hpcmips:</h3> |
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|
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It is possible to install <a |
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href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/hpcmips/">NetBSD/hpcmips</a> onto a disk |
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image, on an an emulated MobilePro 770, 780, 800, or 880. The emulator |
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treats the different machine models as being almost identical; the most |
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important difference is regarding the framebuffer. |
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|
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<p><table border="0"> |
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<tr> |
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<td width="80"> </td> |
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<td><u>Model:</u></td> |
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<td> </td> |
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<td><u>Framebuffer size/depth:</u></td> |
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<td> </td> |
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<td><u>Framebuffer address:</u></td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>MobilePro 770 (<super>*2</super>)</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>640 x 240, 16 bits</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>0xa000000</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>MobilePro 780</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>640 x 240, 16 bits</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>0xa180100 (<super>*</super>)</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>MobilePro 800</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>800 x 600, 16 bits</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>0xa000000</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>MobilePro 880</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>800 x 600, 16 bits</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>0xa0ea600 (<super>*</super>)</td> |
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</tr> |
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</table> |
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|
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<p> |
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(<super>*</super>) = not aligned at a page boundary, so it will not work |
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efficiently with the current dyntrans system. Using this mode will still |
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work, but each load and store will be emulated much more slowly than is |
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possible with an aligned framebuffer. |
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|
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<p> |
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(<super>*2</super>) = The MobilePro 770's cursor keys work differently |
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than the other models, for some reason. (This is a known bug.) |
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|
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<p> |
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|
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<a href="20050427-netbsd-hpcmips-1.png"><img src="20050427-netbsd-hpcmips-1_small.png"></a> |
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|
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<a href="20050427-netbsd-hpcmips-2.png"><img src="20050427-netbsd-hpcmips-2_small.png"></a> |
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|
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<p> |
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These instructions show an example of how to install |
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NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro 770: |
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|
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<p> |
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<ol start="1"> |
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<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
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that you will install NetBSD/hpcmips onto:<pre> |
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<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Download the NetBSD/hpcmips 3.0 ISO image, and a generic kernel:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/hpcmipscd-3.0.iso">hpcmipscd-3.0.iso</a> |
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|
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<p> |
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<li>Start the installation like this:<pre> |
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<b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img \ |
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-d b:hpcmipscd-3.0.iso -j hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real |
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MobilePro 770. (Install onto wd0, choose "Use entire disk" when |
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doing the MBR partitioning, and choose to install from CD-ROM.) |
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</ol> |
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|
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<p> |
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If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image. |
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Use the following command line to boot the emulated hpcmips machine:<pre> |
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<b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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|
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<p>If you change your mind at this point regarding which machine type to |
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emulate, you might for example prefer a MobilePro 800, then you can change |
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that at any time. NetBSD/hpcmips is designed to be able to boot on many |
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types, without any need to change the kernel. |
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|
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<p>When you have logged in as <tt>root</tt>, you can use <tt>startx</tt> to |
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start X Windows, but there is no mouse support yet so only keyboard input |
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is available. This makes it a bit akward to use X. |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p><br> |
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<a name="netbsdcobaltinstall"></a> |
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<h3>NetBSD/cobalt:</h3> |
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|
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<a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/cobalt/">NetBSD/cobalt</a> is tricky |
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to install, because the Cobalt machines were designed for Linux, and not |
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very flexible. There is no traditional INSTALL kernel for NetBSD/cobalt. |
429 |
One way to install the NetBSD/cobalt distribution onto a disk image is to |
430 |
do it from another (emulated) machine. |
431 |
|
432 |
<p> |
433 |
|
434 |
<a href="20050413-netbsd-cobalt.png"><img src="20050413-netbsd-cobalt_small.png"></a> |
435 |
|
436 |
<p> |
437 |
The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/cobalt onto a disk |
438 |
image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX machine: |
439 |
|
440 |
<p> |
441 |
<ol> |
442 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image |
443 |
that you will install NetBSD/cobalt onto:<pre> |
444 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cobalt.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b> |
445 |
|
446 |
</pre> |
447 |
<li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre> |
448 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a> |
449 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/cobaltcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/cobaltcd.iso</a> |
450 |
|
451 |
</pre> |
452 |
<p> |
453 |
<li>Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 according to instructions |
454 |
<a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">further up on this page</a>. |
455 |
<p> |
456 |
<li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre> |
457 |
<b>gxemul -e3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d cobaltcd.iso -d nbsd_cobalt.img</b> |
458 |
|
459 |
</pre> |
460 |
<li>Log in as root (on the emulated 3MAX machine), and execute the |
461 |
following commands: (adjust according to taste) |
462 |
<p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
463 |
<b>newfs /dev/sd1c |
464 |
mount /dev/cd0c /mnt |
465 |
mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2 |
466 |
cd /mnt2; sh |
467 |
for a in /mnt/cobalt/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done |
468 |
exit |
469 |
cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc |
470 |
echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf |
471 |
echo "/dev/wd0d / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab |
472 |
cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b> |
473 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
474 |
</ol> |
475 |
|
476 |
<p> |
477 |
You should now be able to boot NetBSD/cobalt like this:<pre> |
478 |
<b>gxemul -M128 -E cobalt -d nbsd_cobalt.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b> |
479 |
</pre> |
480 |
|
481 |
Note that the installation instructions above create a filesystem |
482 |
<i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no |
483 |
swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the |
484 |
generic kernel:<pre> |
485 |
root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0d</b> |
486 |
dump device (default wd0b): <b>none</b> |
487 |
file system (default generic): <b>ffs</b> |
488 |
init path (default /sbin/init): <i>(just press enter here)</i> |
489 |
</pre> |
490 |
|
491 |
|
492 |
|
493 |
|
494 |
|
495 |
|
496 |
|
497 |
<p><br> |
498 |
<a name="netbsdevbmipsinstall"></a> |
499 |
<h3>NetBSD/evbmips:</h3> |
500 |
|
501 |
<a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/evbmips/">NetBSD/evbmips</a> can run |
502 |
in GXemul on an emulated Malta evaluation board, with a 5Kc (MIPS64) or |
503 |
4Kc (MIPS32) processor. 5Kc is the default. |
504 |
|
505 |
<p> |
506 |
|
507 |
<a href="20050622-netbsd-evbmips-malta.png"><img src="20050622-netbsd-evbmips-malta_small.png"></a> |
508 |
|
509 |
<p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL |
510 |
kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/evbmips distribution onto a disk |
511 |
image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine. |
512 |
|
513 |
<p> |
514 |
The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/evbmips onto a disk |
515 |
image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX machine: |
516 |
|
517 |
<p> |
518 |
<ol> |
519 |
<li>Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 according to instructions |
520 |
<a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">further up on this page</a>. |
521 |
<p> |
522 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image |
523 |
that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre> |
524 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_malta.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b> |
525 |
|
526 |
</pre> |
527 |
<li>Download the generic kernel and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre> |
528 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz</a> |
529 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbmips-mipselcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbmips-mipselcd.iso</a> |
530 |
|
531 |
</pre> |
532 |
<p> |
533 |
<li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre> |
534 |
<b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d nbsd_malta.img -d evbmips-mipselcd.iso</b> |
535 |
|
536 |
</pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>: |
537 |
<p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
538 |
<b>newfs /dev/sd1c |
539 |
mount /dev/cd0c /mnt |
540 |
mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2 |
541 |
cd /mnt2; sh |
542 |
for a in /mnt/evbmips-mipsel/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done |
543 |
exit |
544 |
cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc |
545 |
echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf |
546 |
echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab |
547 |
cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b> |
548 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
549 |
</ol> |
550 |
|
551 |
<p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbmips using this command:<pre> |
552 |
<b>gxemul -e malta -d nbsd_malta.img netbsd-MALTA.gz</b> |
553 |
</pre> |
554 |
|
555 |
<p>NOTE: To select a 4Kc (MIPS32) CPU instead of the default 5Kc |
556 |
(MIPS64) CPU, add <tt><b>-C 4Kc</b></tt> to the command line. With NetBSD |
557 |
2.1, however, there will be little or no difference in functionality, as |
558 |
NetBSD still runs in 32-bit mode on 64-bit MIPS CPUs. There are two things |
559 |
that differ:<ol> |
560 |
<li>The dynamic translation core runs faster when emulating 32-bit |
561 |
processors, so <tt><b>-C 4Kc</b></tt> might make things go faster. |
562 |
<li>4Kc only has 16 TLB entries, whereas 5Kc has 48. This makes 4Kc |
563 |
emulation slower in general, because there are more TLB misses. |
564 |
</ol> |
565 |
|
566 |
<p>The installation instructions above create a filesystem |
567 |
<i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no |
568 |
swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the |
569 |
generic kernel:<pre> |
570 |
root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b> |
571 |
dump device (default wd0b): <b>none</b> |
572 |
file system (default generic): <b>ffs</b> |
573 |
init path (default /sbin/init): <i>(just press enter here)</i> |
574 |
</pre> |
575 |
|
576 |
|
577 |
|
578 |
|
579 |
|
580 |
|
581 |
|
582 |
<p><br> |
583 |
<a name="netbsdsgimips"></a> |
584 |
<h3>NetBSD/sgimips:</h3> |
585 |
|
586 |
<p> |
587 |
|
588 |
<a href="20060623-netbsd-sgimips-3.0.png"><img src="20060623-netbsd-sgimips-3.0_small.png"></a> |
589 |
|
590 |
<p><a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/sgimips/">NetBSD/sgimips</a> can run |
591 |
in GXemul on an emulated O2 (SGI-IP32). However, GXemul does not yet |
592 |
emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in the O2. (I have mailed Adaptec |
593 |
several times, asking for documentation, but never received any reply.) |
594 |
NetBSD can still run in the emulator, as long as it doesn't use SCSI. |
595 |
|
596 |
<p>For a simple test with the ramdisk/install kernel, try |
597 |
dowloading<pre> |
598 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a> |
599 |
|
600 |
</pre>and run <b><tt>gxemul -x -e o2 netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</tt></b>. |
601 |
|
602 |
<p>It is possible to set up an environment for netbooting the emulated SGI |
603 |
machine off of another emulated machine. Performing this setup is quite |
604 |
time consuming, but necessary: |
605 |
|
606 |
<p> |
607 |
<ol> |
608 |
<li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up. |
609 |
This needs to have a 750 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition. |
610 |
<a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 from CDROM</a>. |
611 |
(Don't forget to add the extra partition!) |
612 |
<p> |
613 |
<li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server. |
614 |
Start up the emulated DECstation:<pre> |
615 |
<b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b> |
616 |
</pre>and enter the following commands as <tt>root</tt> |
617 |
inside the emulator: |
618 |
<table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
619 |
<b>echo hostname=server >> /etc/rc.conf |
620 |
echo ifconfig_le0=\"inet 10.0.0.2\" >> /etc/rc.conf |
621 |
echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 >> /etc/resolv.conf |
622 |
echo 10.0.0.254 > /etc/mygate |
623 |
echo /tftpboot -maproot=root 10.0.0.1 > /etc/exports |
624 |
echo rpcbind=YES >> /etc/rc.conf |
625 |
echo nfs_server=YES >> /etc/rc.conf |
626 |
echo mountd=YES >> /etc/rc.conf |
627 |
echo bootparamd=YES >> /etc/rc.conf |
628 |
printf "client root=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot \\\n swap=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot/swap\n" > /etc/bootparams |
629 |
echo "bootps dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/bootpd bootpd -d 4 -h 10.0.0.2" >> /etc/inetd.conf |
630 |
cat >> /etc/bootptab |
631 |
client:\ |
632 |
:ht=ether:\ |
633 |
:ha=102030000010:\ |
634 |
:sm=255.0.0.0:\ |
635 |
:lg=10.0.0.254:\ |
636 |
:ip=10.0.0.1:\ |
637 |
:rp=/tftpboot: |
638 |
</b>(press CTRL-D) |
639 |
<b>echo "10:20:30:00:00:10 client" > /etc/ethers |
640 |
echo 10.0.0.1 client > /etc/hosts |
641 |
reboot</b> |
642 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
643 |
<li>Start the DECstation emulation again, and download the |
644 |
NetBSD/sgimips distribution sets:<br>(NOTE: This |
645 |
takes quite some time, even if you have a fast network connection.) |
646 |
<table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
647 |
<b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.netbsd.org</b> |
648 |
(log in as anonymous...) |
649 |
<b>cd /pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/sets |
650 |
mget base.tgz comp.tgz etc.tgz games.tgz man.tgz misc.tgz text.tgz |
651 |
quit |
652 |
sh |
653 |
for a in *.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; rm -f $a; done |
654 |
echo 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot / nfs rw 0 0 > /tftpboot/etc/fstab |
655 |
echo rc_configured=YES >> /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf |
656 |
dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32768 |
657 |
halt</b> |
658 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
659 |
<li>Download the NetBSD/sgimips GENERIC and INSTALL kernels:<pre> |
660 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz</a> |
661 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a> |
662 |
|
663 |
</pre> |
664 |
<li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>: |
665 |
<table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
666 |
<font color="#2020cf">! Configuration file for running NetBSD/sgimips diskless with |
667 |
! a NetBSD/pmax machine as the nfs server.</font> |
668 |
|
669 |
<b> net( |
670 |
add_remote("localhost:12444") </b>! the server<b> |
671 |
local_port(12445) </b>! the client<b> |
672 |
) |
673 |
|
674 |
machine( |
675 |
name("client machine") |
676 |
serial_nr(1) |
677 |
|
678 |
type("sgi") |
679 |
subtype("o2") |
680 |
|
681 |
load("netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz")</b> |
682 |
! load("netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz")<b> |
683 |
) |
684 |
</b> |
685 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
686 |
... and another configuration file for the server, |
687 |
<tt>config_server</tt>: |
688 |
<table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
689 |
<b> net( |
690 |
local_port(12444) </b>! the server<b> |
691 |
add_remote("localhost:12445") </b>! the client<b> |
692 |
) |
693 |
|
694 |
machine( |
695 |
name("nfs server") |
696 |
serial_nr(2) |
697 |
|
698 |
type("dec") |
699 |
subtype("5000/200") |
700 |
|
701 |
disk("nbsd_pmax.img") |
702 |
) |
703 |
</b> |
704 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
705 |
<li>Boot the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" and the NetBSD/sgimips |
706 |
"<tt>client machine</tt>" as two separate emulator instances:<pre> |
707 |
in one xterm: |
708 |
<b>gxemul @config_server</b> |
709 |
|
710 |
and then, in another xterm: |
711 |
<b>gxemul @config_client</b> |
712 |
|
713 |
</pre> |
714 |
<li>In the NetBSD/sgimips window, choose "<tt>x: Exit Install System</tt>" |
715 |
in the installer's main menu, and then type:<pre> |
716 |
<b>ifconfig mec0 10.0.0.1; route add default 10.0.0.254</b> |
717 |
<b>mount -v 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot /mnt</b> |
718 |
<b>cd /mnt/dev; ./MAKEDEV all; cd /; umount /mnt</b> |
719 |
<b>halt</b> |
720 |
</pre>Then, once the client machine has halted, log in as <tt>root</tt> |
721 |
on the server machine and type <tt><b>reboot</b></tt>. |
722 |
<p> |
723 |
<li>Once everything has been set up correctly, change |
724 |
<tt>netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</tt> in <tt>config_client</tt> to |
725 |
<tt>netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz</tt> (the GENERIC kernel). |
726 |
</ol> |
727 |
|
728 |
<p>You might want to log in as <tt>root</tt> on the server machine, and |
729 |
run <tt>tcpdump -lnvv</tt> or similar, to see that what the client machine |
730 |
actually does on the network. |
731 |
|
732 |
<p>It should now be possible to boot NetBSD/sgimips using the NetBSD/pmax |
733 |
nfs server, using the following commands: (NOTE! Execute these two |
734 |
commands in separate xterms!)<pre> |
735 |
<b>gxemul @config_server</b> |
736 |
<b>gxemul @config_client</b> |
737 |
</pre> |
738 |
|
739 |
<p>When asked for "<tt>root device:</tt>" etc. on the client machine, enter |
740 |
the following values:<pre> |
741 |
root device: <b>mec0</b> |
742 |
dump device: <b>(leave blank)</b> |
743 |
file system (default generic): <b>(leave blank)</b> |
744 |
.. |
745 |
init path (default /sbin/init): <b>(leave blank)</b> |
746 |
Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for /bin/sh: <b>(leave blank)</b> |
747 |
Terminal type? [unknown] <b>xterm</b> |
748 |
.. |
749 |
# <b>exit</b> (to leave the single-user shell) |
750 |
</pre> |
751 |
|
752 |
<p>Note: Netbooting like this is very slow, so you need a lot of patience. |
753 |
For example, when NetBSD says "<tt>nfs_boot: trying DHCP/BOOTP</tt>", |
754 |
there will be a long pause, even on a very fast host machine. The reason |
755 |
for this is mostly because the emulator doesn't deal with timing issues |
756 |
very well, but also because NetBSD tries IPv6 first, before falling back |
757 |
to IPv4. |
758 |
|
759 |
|
760 |
|
761 |
|
762 |
|
763 |
|
764 |
<p><br> |
765 |
<a name="netbsdcatsinstall"></a> |
766 |
<h3>NetBSD/cats:</h3> |
767 |
|
768 |
It is possible to install and run |
769 |
<a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/cats/">NetBSD/cats</a> in GXemul. |
770 |
|
771 |
<p> |
772 |
<a href="20051007-netbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-netbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a> |
773 |
|
774 |
<p> |
775 |
To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image, follow these instructions: |
776 |
|
777 |
<p> |
778 |
<ol start="1"> |
779 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
780 |
that you will install NetBSD/cats onto:<pre> |
781 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b> |
782 |
|
783 |
</pre> |
784 |
<li>Download the NetBSD/cats 3.0 ISO image and the generic and install kernels:<pre> |
785 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/catscd-3.0.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/catscd-3.0.iso</a> |
786 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</a> |
787 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a> |
788 |
|
789 |
</pre> |
790 |
<p> |
791 |
<li>Start the installation like this:<pre> |
792 |
<b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d catscd-3.0.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b> |
793 |
|
794 |
</pre> |
795 |
and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real |
796 |
CATS from CDROM. |
797 |
</ol> |
798 |
|
799 |
<p>Alternatively, to install from FTP, you can skip downloading the ISO, |
800 |
and start the install without <tt>-d catscd-3.0.iso</tt>. Suitable network |
801 |
settings are IP 10.0.0.1, gateway/default route 10.0.0.254, netmask |
802 |
255.0.0.0, nameserver 10.0.0.254. |
803 |
|
804 |
<p>If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image. |
805 |
Use the following command line to boot the emulated CATS machine:<pre> |
806 |
<b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b> |
807 |
|
808 |
</pre> |
809 |
|
810 |
|
811 |
|
812 |
|
813 |
|
814 |
|
815 |
|
816 |
<p><br> |
817 |
<a name="netbsdevbarminstall"></a> |
818 |
<h3>NetBSD/evbarm:</h3> |
819 |
|
820 |
<a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/evbarm/">NetBSD/evbarm</a> can |
821 |
run in GXemul on an emulated IQ80321 evaluation board. |
822 |
|
823 |
<p> |
824 |
<a href="20060218-netbsd-evbarm.png"><img src="20060218-netbsd-evbarm_small.png"></a> |
825 |
|
826 |
<p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL |
827 |
kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/evbarm distribution onto a disk |
828 |
image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine. |
829 |
|
830 |
<p>The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/evbarm onto a disk |
831 |
image, from an emulated CATS machine: |
832 |
|
833 |
<p> |
834 |
<ol> |
835 |
<li>Install NetBSD/cats 3.0 according to instructions |
836 |
<a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">further up on this page</a>. |
837 |
<p> |
838 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image |
839 |
that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre> |
840 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_iq80321.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b> |
841 |
|
842 |
</pre> |
843 |
<li>Download an IQ80321 kernel with wdc support, and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre> |
844 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbarm/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbarm/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbarm/binary/kernel/netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz">netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz</a> |
845 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbarmcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbarmcd.iso</a> |
846 |
|
847 |
</pre> |
848 |
<p> |
849 |
<li>The first step is to copy the .tgz files we want onto the CATS |
850 |
machine's harddisk. Start the CATS machine like this:<pre> |
851 |
<b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d evbarmcd.iso netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b> |
852 |
|
853 |
</pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>: |
854 |
<p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
855 |
<b>mount /dev/cd0a /mnt; cd /root; cp /mnt/evbarm/binary/sets/[bcegmt]* . |
856 |
sync; halt</b> |
857 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
858 |
<p> |
859 |
<li>Now let's extract the files onto the IQ80321's disk image. Start the |
860 |
CATS machine again, with the following command line:<pre> |
861 |
<b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b> |
862 |
|
863 |
</pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>: |
864 |
<p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
865 |
<b>disklabel -I -i wd1</b> |
866 |
(enter suitable commands, e.g. <i>a, 4.2BSD, 1c, 750M, b, |
867 |
swap, a, 200M, P, W, y, Q</i>) |
868 |
<b>newfs /dev/wd1a; mount /dev/wd1a /mnt; cd /mnt; sh |
869 |
for a in /root/[bcegmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done |
870 |
exit |
871 |
cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc |
872 |
echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf |
873 |
echo "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab |
874 |
echo "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0" >> fstab |
875 |
cd /; umount /mnt; sync; halt</b> |
876 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
877 |
</ol> |
878 |
|
879 |
<p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbarm using this command:<pre> |
880 |
<b>gxemul -xEiq80321 -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz</b> |
881 |
</pre> |
882 |
|
883 |
|
884 |
|
885 |
|
886 |
|
887 |
|
888 |
<p><br> |
889 |
<a name="netbsdprepinstall"></a> |
890 |
<h3>NetBSD/prep:</h3> |
891 |
|
892 |
It is possible to install and run |
893 |
<a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/prep/">NetBSD/prep</a> 2.1 in GXemul |
894 |
on an emulated IBM 6050 (PowerPC) machine. (NetBSD 3.0 uses the wdc |
895 |
controller in a way which isn't implemented in GXemul yet.) |
896 |
|
897 |
<p> |
898 |
<a href="20051123-netbsd-prep.png"><img src="20051123-netbsd-prep_small.png"></a> |
899 |
|
900 |
<p>To install NetBSD/prep onto a disk image, follow these instructions: |
901 |
|
902 |
<p> |
903 |
<ol start="1"> |
904 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
905 |
that you will install NetBSD/prep onto:<pre> |
906 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_prep.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1000000</b> |
907 |
|
908 |
</pre> |
909 |
<li>Download the NetBSD/prep 2.1 ISO image and the generic kernel:<pre> |
910 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/prepcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/prepcd.iso</a> |
911 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a> |
912 |
|
913 |
</pre> |
914 |
<p> |
915 |
<li>Start the installation like this:<pre> |
916 |
<b>gxemul -x -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img -d rdb:prepcd.iso -j prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b> |
917 |
|
918 |
</pre> |
919 |
<p> |
920 |
<li>Installation is a bit unsmooth, possibly due to bugs in GXemul, |
921 |
possibly due to bugs in NetBSD itself; others have been having |
922 |
problems on real hardware: <a href="http://mail-index.NetBSD.org/port-prep/2005/11/25/0004.html">http://mail-index.NetBSD.org/port-prep/2005/11/25/0004.html</a>. |
923 |
Creating an MBR slice and a disklabel with sysinst bugs out, so |
924 |
some things have to be done manually:<p> |
925 |
At "<tt>(I)nstall, (S)hell, or (H)alt</tt>", choose |
926 |
<tt><b><u>s</u></b></tt>. |
927 |
<br><tt># <b><u>fdisk -u wd0</u></b></tt> |
928 |
<br><tt>Do you want to change our idea of what BIOS thinks? [n]</tt> |
929 |
(just press <b>ENTER</b>) |
930 |
<br><tt>Which partition do you want to change?: [none] <b><u>0</u></b></tt> |
931 |
<br><tt>sysid: ... </tt> (just press <B>ENTER</b>) |
932 |
<br><tt>start: ... <b><u>1cyl</u></b></tt> |
933 |
<br><tt>size: ... </tt> (just press <B>ENTER</b>) |
934 |
<br><tt>Which partition do you want to change?: [none]</tt> (press <b>ENTER</b>) |
935 |
<br><tt>Should we write new partition table? [n] <b><u>y</u></b></tt> |
936 |
<br><tt># <b><u>disklabel -I -i wd0</u></b></tt> |
937 |
<br><tt>partition> <b><u>a</u></b></tt> |
938 |
<br><tt>Filesystem type [?] [unused]: <b><u>4.2BSD</u></b></tt> |
939 |
<br><tt>Start offset ('x' to start after partition 'x') [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>1c</u></b></tt> |
940 |
<br><tt>Partition size ('$' for all remaining) [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>900M</u></b></tt> |
941 |
<br><tt>partition> <b><u>b</u></b></tt> |
942 |
<br><tt>Filesystem type [?] [unused]: <b><u>swap</u></b></tt> |
943 |
<br><tt>Start offset ('x' to start after partition 'x') [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>a</u></b></tt> |
944 |
<br><tt>Partition size ('$' for all remaining) [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>$</u></b></tt> |
945 |
<br><tt>partition> <b><u>W</u></b></tt> |
946 |
<br><tt>Label disk [n]? <b><u>y</u></b></tt> |
947 |
<br><tt>partition> <b><u>Q</u></b></tt> |
948 |
<br><tt># <b><u>newfs wd0a</u></b></tt> |
949 |
<br><tt># <b><u>sysinst</u></b></tt> |
950 |
<br>Choose to install onto <b>wd0</b>. Choose |
951 |
"<tt>a: Edit the MBR partition table</tt>" |
952 |
when presented with that option. |
953 |
<br>Choose the 'a' partition/slice, |
954 |
set the 'e' ("active") and 'f' ("install") fields to <b>Yes</b>, |
955 |
and then choose "<tt>x: Partition table OK</tt>". |
956 |
<br>Choose "<tt>b: Use existing partition sizes</tt>" in the next |
957 |
menu. |
958 |
<br>Select partition 'a' and press ENTER. Set field 'k' (mount point) |
959 |
to '<tt><b>/</b></tt>'. |
960 |
<br>Get out of the partitioner by selecting |
961 |
"<tt>x: Partition sizes ok</tt>" twice. |
962 |
<br>At "<tt>Write outside MBR partition? [n]:</tt>", just press |
963 |
<b>ENTER</b>. |
964 |
<br>Install from CD-ROM, device <b>wd1c</b>. |
965 |
</ol> |
966 |
|
967 |
<p>If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image. |
968 |
Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre> |
969 |
<b>gxemul -x -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b> |
970 |
|
971 |
</pre> |
972 |
|
973 |
<p>When asked which the root device is, type <tt><b>wd0</b></tt> and |
974 |
just press ENTER to select the default values for dump device, file |
975 |
system type, and init path. |
976 |
|
977 |
|
978 |
|
979 |
|
980 |
|
981 |
|
982 |
<p><br> |
983 |
<a name="openbsdpmaxinstall"></a> |
984 |
<h3>OpenBSD/pmax:</h3> |
985 |
|
986 |
Installing <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/pmax.html">OpenBSD/pmax</a> is |
987 |
a bit harder than installing NetBSD/pmax. You should first read the <a |
988 |
href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">section above</a> on how to install NetBSD/pmax, |
989 |
before continuing here. If you have never installed OpenBSD on any |
990 |
architecture, then you need a great deal of patience to do this. If, on |
991 |
the other hand you are used to installing OpenBSD, then this should be no |
992 |
problem for you. |
993 |
|
994 |
<p> |
995 |
|
996 |
<a href="20040710-openbsd-pmax.png"><img src="20040710-openbsd-pmax_small.png"></a> |
997 |
|
998 |
<a href="openbsd-pmax-20040710.png"><img src="openbsd-pmax-20040710_small.png"></a> |
999 |
|
1000 |
<p> |
1001 |
OpenBSD/pmax died at release 2.8 of OpenBSD, so you should be |
1002 |
aware of the fact that this will not give you an up-to-date OpenBSD |
1003 |
system. |
1004 |
|
1005 |
<p> |
1006 |
Following these instructions <i>might</i> work. If not, then use |
1007 |
common sense and imagination to modify them as you see fit. |
1008 |
|
1009 |
<p> |
1010 |
<ol> |
1011 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
1012 |
that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre> |
1013 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_pmax.img bs=1 count=512 seek=900000000</b> |
1014 |
|
1015 |
</pre> |
1016 |
<li>Download the entire pmax directory from the ftp server: (approx. 99 MB)<pre> |
1017 |
<b>wget -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/</a></b> |
1018 |
|
1019 |
</pre> |
1020 |
|
1021 |
<li>Execute the following commands: |
1022 |
<p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
1023 |
<b>mv ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/simpleroot28.fs.gz . |
1024 |
gunzip simpleroot28.fs.gz |
1025 |
chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b> <--- make sure |
1026 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
1027 |
<li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded. |
1028 |
(I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't |
1029 |
already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need |
1030 |
to install it in order to do this.)<pre> |
1031 |
<b>mkisofs -o openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax</b> |
1032 |
<b>rm -rf ftp.se.openbsd.org</b> <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i> |
1033 |
|
1034 |
</pre> |
1035 |
<li>Start the emulator with all three (!) disk images:<pre> |
1036 |
<b>gxemul -e 3max -d obsd_pmax.img -d b:simpleroot28.fs -j bsd -d c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso</b> |
1037 |
|
1038 |
</pre> |
1039 |
(If you add <tt>-X</tt>, you will run with the graphical |
1040 |
framebuffer. This is <i>REALLY</i> slow because the console has to |
1041 |
scroll a lot during the install. I don't recommend it.) |
1042 |
<p> |
1043 |
<li>Go on with the installation as you would do if you were installing on a real machine. |
1044 |
If you are not used to the OpenBSD installer, then this will most likely |
1045 |
be a very uncomfortable experience. Some important things to keep in mind are: |
1046 |
<ul> |
1047 |
<li>rz0 is the rootdisk you wish to install onto. |
1048 |
<li>rz1 is the simpleroot image. |
1049 |
<li>rz2 is the CDROM containing the "install sets". |
1050 |
<li>When asked for the "<b>root device?</b>", enter <b>rz1</b>. |
1051 |
<li>At "<b>Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:</b>", press enter. |
1052 |
<li>At the # prompt, do the following:<pre> |
1053 |
<b>fsck /dev/rz1a</b> (and mark the filesystem as clean) |
1054 |
<b>mount /dev/rz1a /</b> |
1055 |
<b>mount -t kernfs kern kern</b> |
1056 |
<b>./install</b> |
1057 |
|
1058 |
</pre> |
1059 |
and proceed with the install. Good luck. :-) |
1060 |
<li>Answer "<b>y</b>" when asked if you wish to configure the network. |
1061 |
(See the section about installing NetBSD/pmax for suitable |
1062 |
network settings.) |
1063 |
<li>Install from "<b>c</b>" (cdrom), choose "<b>rz2</b>" as the cdrom device, and "<b>/</b>" as |
1064 |
the directory containing the install sets. |
1065 |
</ul> |
1066 |
<p> |
1067 |
<li>For some unknown reason, the install script does not set the root |
1068 |
password! The first time you boot up OpenBSD after the install, you |
1069 |
need to go into single user mode and run <b>passwd root</b> to set |
1070 |
the root password, or you will not be able to log in at all!<pre> |
1071 |
<b>gxemul -e 3max -d obsd_pmax.img -d 2c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso -j bsd -o '-s'</b> |
1072 |
</pre> |
1073 |
While you are at it, you might want to extract the X11 install sets |
1074 |
as well, as the installer seems to ignore them too. (Perhaps due to a bug |
1075 |
in the installer, perhaps because of the way I used mkisofs.) |
1076 |
<p> |
1077 |
Execute the following commands in the emulator: |
1078 |
<p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
1079 |
<b>fsck /dev/rz0a |
1080 |
mount / |
1081 |
passwd root |
1082 |
|
1083 |
cd /; mount -t cd9660 /dev/rz2c /mnt; sh |
1084 |
for a in /mnt/[xX]*; do tar zxvf $a; done |
1085 |
ln -s /usr/X11R6/bin/Xcfbpmax /usr/X11R6/bin/X |
1086 |
ln -s /dev/fb0 /dev/mouse |
1087 |
echo /usr/X11R6/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf |
1088 |
ldconfig |
1089 |
|
1090 |
sync |
1091 |
halt</b> |
1092 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
1093 |
</ol> |
1094 |
|
1095 |
<p> |
1096 |
NOTE: It is also possible to install via ftp instead of using a CDROM image. |
1097 |
This is not much less awkward, you still need the simpleroot filesystem |
1098 |
image, and you still have to manually add the X11 install sets and set the |
1099 |
root password, and so on. |
1100 |
|
1101 |
<p> |
1102 |
Once you have completed the installation procedure, the following command |
1103 |
will let you boot from the new rootdisk image: |
1104 |
<pre> |
1105 |
<b>gxemul -e 3max -X -o '-aN' -d obsd_pmax.img -j bsd</b> |
1106 |
</pre> |
1107 |
|
1108 |
<p> |
1109 |
(Normally, you would be asked about which root device to use (<tt>rz0</tt>), |
1110 |
but using <b><tt>-o '-aN'</tt></b> supresses that.) |
1111 |
|
1112 |
<p> |
1113 |
When asked for which terminal type to use, when logging in as root, |
1114 |
enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are using the graphical framebuffer, |
1115 |
<b><tt>vt100</tt></b> for text-mode. |
1116 |
<br>Use <b><tt>startx</tt></b> to start X windows. |
1117 |
|
1118 |
|
1119 |
|
1120 |
|
1121 |
|
1122 |
|
1123 |
|
1124 |
|
1125 |
|
1126 |
<p><br> |
1127 |
<a name="openbsdcatsinstall"></a> |
1128 |
<h3>OpenBSD/cats:</h3> |
1129 |
|
1130 |
It is possible to install and run |
1131 |
<a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html">OpenBSD/cats</a> |
1132 |
in GXemul. |
1133 |
|
1134 |
<p> |
1135 |
<a href="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a> |
1136 |
|
1137 |
<p>To install OpenBSD/cats onto an emulated harddisk image, |
1138 |
follow these instructions: |
1139 |
|
1140 |
<p> |
1141 |
<ol> |
1142 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
1143 |
that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre> |
1144 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1900000</b> |
1145 |
|
1146 |
</pre> |
1147 |
<li>Download the entire cats directory from the ftp server:<pre> |
1148 |
<b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/">ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/</a></b> |
1149 |
<b>cp ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/bsd .</b> |
1150 |
<b>cp ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/bsd.rd .</b> |
1151 |
|
1152 |
</pre> |
1153 |
(Replace ftp.openbsd.org with a server closer to you, for |
1154 |
increased download speed.) |
1155 |
<p> |
1156 |
<li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded. |
1157 |
(I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't |
1158 |
already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need |
1159 |
to install it in order to do this.)<pre> |
1160 |
<b>mkisofs -allow-lowercase -o openbsd_cats_3.9.iso ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b> |
1161 |
<b>rm -rf ftp.openbsd.org</b> <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i> |
1162 |
|
1163 |
</pre> |
1164 |
<li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre> |
1165 |
<b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img -d openbsd_cats_3.9.iso bsd.rd</b> |
1166 |
|
1167 |
</pre> |
1168 |
and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD |
1169 |
on a real CATS. (Install onto <tt>wd0</tt>, don't configure the |
1170 |
network, install from CD.) |
1171 |
</ol> |
1172 |
|
1173 |
<p>(Although it <i>is</i> possible to configure the network, IPv4 address |
1174 |
10.0.0.1, netmask 255.0.0.0, gateway/default route 10.0.0.254, and |
1175 |
nameserver 10.0.0.254, the userland NAT-like networking layer is not |
1176 |
stable enough yet to support a full install via ftp.) |
1177 |
|
1178 |
<p><b>NOTE:</b> Make sure that you <tt>sync</tt> and <tt>reboot</tt> |
1179 |
correctly once the installation is finished, or the <tt>/dev</tt> nodes |
1180 |
may not have been written correctly to disk. |
1181 |
|
1182 |
<p>Once the install has finished, the following command should let you |
1183 |
boot from the harddisk image: |
1184 |
|
1185 |
<p><pre> |
1186 |
<b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img bsd</b> |
1187 |
|
1188 |
</pre> |
1189 |
|
1190 |
|
1191 |
|
1192 |
|
1193 |
|
1194 |
|
1195 |
|
1196 |
<p><br> |
1197 |
<a name="ultrixinstall"></a> |
1198 |
<h3>Ultrix/RISC:</h3> |
1199 |
|
1200 |
Ultrix 4.x can run in GXemul on an emulated DECstation 5000/200. |
1201 |
(Ultrix was the native OS for these machines, but NetBSD/pmax is |
1202 |
also usable.) |
1203 |
|
1204 |
<p> |
1205 |
|
1206 |
<a href="20040504-ultrix45-boot1.png"><img src="20040504-ultrix45-boot1_small.png"></a> |
1207 |
|
1208 |
<a href="ultrix4.5-20040706.png"><img src="ultrix4.5-20040706_small.png"></a> |
1209 |
|
1210 |
<p> |
1211 |
The following instructions should let you install Ultrix onto a disk image: |
1212 |
|
1213 |
<ol> |
1214 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
1215 |
that Ultrix installs itself onto:<pre> |
1216 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=rootdisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=800000</b> |
1217 |
|
1218 |
</pre> |
1219 |
<li>Place your Ultrix installation media in your CDROM drive. |
1220 |
(On FreeBSD and similar systems, it is called <tt>/dev/cd0c</tt>. |
1221 |
Replace that with the name of your CDROM drive, or the name of a |
1222 |
.iso image file.) Then, start the emulator like this:<pre> |
1223 |
<b>gxemul -X -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d bc:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b> |
1224 |
|
1225 |
</pre> |
1226 |
<li>Once the first stage of the installation is done (restoring the root |
1227 |
filesystem), you need to restart the emulator, booting from the |
1228 |
new rootdisk, to continue the installation process. |
1229 |
This is done by removing the bootflag ('<tt>b</tt>') from the second |
1230 |
diskimage argument:<pre> |
1231 |
<b>gxemul -X -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d c:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b> |
1232 |
|
1233 |
</pre> |
1234 |
</ol> |
1235 |
|
1236 |
<p> |
1237 |
When the installation is completed, the following command should start |
1238 |
Ultrix from the harddisk image:<pre> |
1239 |
<b>gxemul -X -e 3max -j vmunix -d rootdisk.img</b> |
1240 |
</pre> |
1241 |
|
1242 |
<p>If you have a very fast host machine, you might experience a weird |
1243 |
timer related bug, which makes it impossible to logon to the system. It is |
1244 |
triggered when the emulation goes faster than any real DECstation machine |
1245 |
was capable of running. A temporary workaround is to add |
1246 |
<b><tt>-I33000000</tt></b> to fix the emulated clock speed to 33 million |
1247 |
instructions per emulated second. (When using <tt><b>-CR4400</b></tt>, |
1248 |
<b><tt>-I16000000</tt></b> should be used instead.) |
1249 |
|
1250 |
<p> |
1251 |
You can experiment with adding <b><tt>-Z2</tt></b> (for emulating a |
1252 |
dual-headed workstation) or even <b><tt>-Z3</tt></b> (tripple-headed), and |
1253 |
also the <b><tt>-Y2</tt></b> option for scaling down the framebuffer |
1254 |
windows by a factor 2x2. |
1255 |
There is also a <b><tt>-z</tt></b> option for supplying names of X11 |
1256 |
displays to use. The following example starts Ultrix on an emulated |
1257 |
tripple-headed workstation, on three different displays (<tt>remote1:0.0</tt>, |
1258 |
<tt>localhost:0.0</tt>, and <tt>remote2:0.0</tt>), using no scaledown:<pre> |
1259 |
<b>gxemul -N -e 3max -jgenvmunix -d rootdisk.img \ |
1260 |
-XZ3 -z remote1:0.0 -z localhost:0.0 -z remote2:0.0</b> |
1261 |
</pre> |
1262 |
|
1263 |
<p> |
1264 |
The photo below shows a single Ultrix session running tripple-headed in |
1265 |
GXemul on an Alpha 21164PC, with displays on a Sun Ultra1 (to the left), |
1266 |
on the Alpha itself (in the middle), and on an HP700/RX X-terminal (8-bit |
1267 |
color depth, running off the Alpha) to the right. |
1268 |
|
1269 |
<p> |
1270 |
|
1271 |
<a href="20041209-ultrix-tripplehead.jpg"><img src="20041209-ultrix-tripplehead_small.jpg"></a> |
1272 |
|
1273 |
<p> |
1274 |
The X11 displays may differ in bit depth and endianness. Unfortunately, |
1275 |
there is no way yet to set the scaledown factor on a per-window basis, so |
1276 |
the scaledown factor affects all windows. |
1277 |
|
1278 |
<p> |
1279 |
(If you didn't use <tt><b>-Z<i>n</i></b></tt> during the installation, and |
1280 |
compiled your own <tt>/vmunix</tt>, then it will not contain support for |
1281 |
multiple graphics cards. To overcome this problem, use the generic kernel, |
1282 |
<tt><b>-j genvmunix</b></tt>, whenever you are running the emulator with a |
1283 |
different setup than the one you used when Ultrix was installed.) |
1284 |
|
1285 |
<p> |
1286 |
A note for the historically interested: OSF/1 for MIPS was quite similar |
1287 |
to Ultrix, so that is possible to run as well. If you are unsuccessful |
1288 |
in installing Ultrix or OSF/1 directly in the emulator, you can always |
1289 |
install it on your real machine onto a real SCSI disk, and then copy the |
1290 |
contents of that SCSI disk into a file (using <b><tt>dd(1)</tt></b>), and use |
1291 |
that file as a disk image file in the emulator. |
1292 |
|
1293 |
|
1294 |
|
1295 |
|
1296 |
|
1297 |
|
1298 |
<p><br> |
1299 |
<a name="sprite"></a> |
1300 |
<h3>Sprite for DECstation:</h3> |
1301 |
|
1302 |
Sprite was a research operating system at the University of Berkeley. |
1303 |
The Unix Heritage Society (TUHS, <a href="http://www.tuhs.org">www.tuhs.org</a>) |
1304 |
has made available a copy of a Sprite harddisk image for a DECstation 5000/200. |
1305 |
If you want to find out more about Sprite in general, read |
1306 |
<a href="http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/projects/sprite/retrospective.html"> |
1307 |
http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/projects/sprite/retrospective.html</a>. |
1308 |
|
1309 |
<p> |
1310 |
|
1311 |
<a href="20040711-sprite-1.png"><img src="20040711-sprite-1_small.png"></a> |
1312 |
|
1313 |
<a href="sprite-20040711.png"><img src="sprite-20040711_small.png"></a> |
1314 |
|
1315 |
<p> |
1316 |
The following instructions should let you run Sprite in the emulator: |
1317 |
|
1318 |
<p> |
1319 |
<ol> |
1320 |
<li>Download the Sprite harddisk image:<pre> |
1321 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/pub/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/ds5000.bt">ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/pub/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/ds5000.bt</a> |
1322 |
83973120 bytes, MD5 = ec84eeeb20fe77b758370d5e312e4a5e |
1323 |
|
1324 |
</pre> |
1325 |
<li>Start the emulator with the following command line:<pre> |
1326 |
<b>gxemul -X -e 3max -M128 -d ds5000.bt -j vmsprite -o ''</b> |
1327 |
|
1328 |
</pre> |
1329 |
</ol> |
1330 |
|
1331 |
<p> |
1332 |
The first time you boot up with the disk image, you will be asked a number |
1333 |
of questions regarding network settings. If you feel like entering correct |
1334 |
values, then you should use the following: |
1335 |
<p> |
1336 |
|
1337 |
<pre> |
1338 |
Your machine's Ethernet address: 10:20:30:00:00:10 |
1339 |
Your machine's IP: 10.0.0.1 |
1340 |
Subnet mask: 0xff000000 |
1341 |
Gateway's Ethernet address: 60:50:40:30:20:10 |
1342 |
Gateway's IP: 10.0.0.254 |
1343 |
</pre> |
1344 |
|
1345 |
<p> |
1346 |
Unfortunately, at the end of <a href="ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/pub/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/boot.txt">ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/pub/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/boot.txt</a>, |
1347 |
the following sad statement can be found: |
1348 |
<pre> |
1349 |
The bootable Sprite image is meant to be a demonstration of Sprite, not |
1350 |
a robust Sprite system. There are several missing things, such as |
1351 |
floating point and network support. |
1352 |
</pre> |
1353 |
|
1354 |
<p>Once you are logged in as root, running <b><tt>xinit</tt></b> will |
1355 |
start the X11 environment. |
1356 |
|
1357 |
|
1358 |
|
1359 |
|
1360 |
|
1361 |
|
1362 |
<p><br> |
1363 |
<a name="declinux"></a> |
1364 |
<h3>Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation:</h3> |
1365 |
|
1366 |
It is possible to run Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation in the emulator, |
1367 |
on an emulated 5000/200 ("3max"). Although the Debian project has released |
1368 |
install ramdisk kernels for this purpose, these do not always work: |
1369 |
<ul> |
1370 |
<li>Serial console output doesn't work too well in GXemul. Linux |
1371 |
oopses randomly, which may be due to bugs in GXemul, but may |
1372 |
also be due to bugs in the serial controller code in Linux. |
1373 |
(The speed at which serial interrupts are generated can be |
1374 |
lowered with the <tt>-U</tt> command line option, but it only |
1375 |
reduces the risk, it doesn't take away the oopses completely.) |
1376 |
<li>Old install kernels supported the graphical framebuffer on the |
1377 |
3max, but not the keyboard. |
1378 |
<li>For quite some time, the MIPS linux cvs tree had support for the |
1379 |
keyboard, but it did <i>not</i> include Debian's patches for |
1380 |
networking. (Perhaps this has been fixed now, I don't know.) |
1381 |
</ul> |
1382 |
|
1383 |
<p>David Muse has made available a precompiled install kernel which |
1384 |
has support for framebuffer, keyboard, and networking, which works |
1385 |
pretty well. Thanks David. :-) |
1386 |
|
1387 |
<p> |
1388 |
The following steps should let you install Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation |
1389 |
onto a harddisk image: |
1390 |
|
1391 |
<p> |
1392 |
<ol> |
1393 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
1394 |
that Debian installs itself onto:<pre> |
1395 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3300000</b> |
1396 |
|
1397 |
</pre> |
1398 |
<li>Download David Muse' install kernel, and a Debian Netinstall CD-ROM:<pre> |
1399 |
<a href="http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31">http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31</a> |
1400 |
<a href="http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/3.1_r0a/mipsel/iso-cd/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso">http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/3.1_r0a/mipsel/iso-cd/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso</a> |
1401 |
|
1402 |
</pre> |
1403 |
<p> |
1404 |
<li>Start the installation like this:<pre> |
1405 |
<b>gxemul -X -e3max -d debian_pmax.img -d debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso vmlinux-2.4.31</b> |
1406 |
</pre> |
1407 |
|
1408 |
<p>If everything goes well, you will see Linux' boot messages, and then |
1409 |
arrive at the language chooser. |
1410 |
|
1411 |
<p> |
1412 |
<a href="debian-1.png"><img src="debian-1-small.png"></a> |
1413 |
<a href="debian-2.png"><img src="debian-2-small.png"></a> |
1414 |
<a href="debian-3.png"><img src="debian-3-small.png"></a> |
1415 |
<a href="debian-4.png"><img src="debian-4-small.png"></a> |
1416 |
|
1417 |
<p>There will be a warning about the keyboard |
1418 |
layout. Don't mind this. Continue, and then select <b>Detect |
1419 |
and mount CD-ROM</b> in the next menu. |
1420 |
|
1421 |
<p> |
1422 |
<a href="debian-5.png"><img src="debian-5-small.png"></a> |
1423 |
<a href="debian-6.png"><img src="debian-6-small.png"></a> |
1424 |
<a href="debian-7.png"><img src="debian-7-small.png"></a> |
1425 |
<a href="debian-8.png"><img src="debian-8-small.png"></a> |
1426 |
|
1427 |
<p> |
1428 |
There will also be a warning about lack of loadable modules. Don't |
1429 |
mind this either, continue anyway by choosing <b>Yes</b>. |
1430 |
<p> |
1431 |
When you reach the network configuration part of the install, choose |
1432 |
<b>Configure network manually</b> and enter the following values:<pre> |
1433 |
IP address: <b>10.0.0.1</b> |
1434 |
Netmask: <b>255.0.0.0</b> |
1435 |
Gateway: <b>10.0.0.254</b> |
1436 |
Name server addresses: <b>10.0.0.254</b> |
1437 |
|
1438 |
</pre> |
1439 |
<p>Choose <b>Erase entire disk</b> in the partitioner. |
1440 |
|
1441 |
<p>Wait for the base system to be installed. This takes almost forever, |
1442 |
so you can go fetch several <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolt_Cola">Jolts</a> |
1443 |
or cups of coffee in the meanwhile. |
1444 |
|
1445 |
<p> |
1446 |
<a href="debian-9.png"><img src="debian-9-small.png"></a> |
1447 |
<a href="debian-10.png"><img src="debian-10-small.png"></a> |
1448 |
<a href="debian-11.png"><img src="debian-11-small.png"></a> |
1449 |
<a href="debian-12.png"><img src="debian-12-small.png"></a> |
1450 |
|
1451 |
<p>Congratulations! The first phase of the installation is now completed. |
1452 |
Reboot using the following command line:<pre> |
1453 |
<b>gxemul -X -e3max -o 'root=/dev/sda1' -d debian_pmax.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b> |
1454 |
|
1455 |
</pre> |
1456 |
<p>The post-install step takes quite some time as well. A perfect opportunity |
1457 |
for more coffee. |
1458 |
|
1459 |
<p>When asked about "Apt configuration", choose <b>http</b> as the method |
1460 |
to use for accessing the Debian archive. |
1461 |
|
1462 |
<p> |
1463 |
<a href="debian-13.png"><img src="debian-13-small.png"></a> |
1464 |
<a href="debian-14.png"><img src="debian-14-small.png"></a> |
1465 |
<a href="debian-15.png"><img src="debian-15-small.png"></a> |
1466 |
|
1467 |
<p>Downloading the packages takes almost forever. Be patient. |
1468 |
|
1469 |
<p>Congratulations (again)! You are now fully done with the installation. |
1470 |
|
1471 |
</ol> |
1472 |
|
1473 |
<p><br>Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation is now installed and ready to be used. |
1474 |
Use this command to boot from the installed disk image:<pre> |
1475 |
<b>gxemul -X -e3max -o 'root=/dev/sda1' -d debian_pmax.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b> |
1476 |
|
1477 |
</pre> |
1478 |
|
1479 |
|
1480 |
|
1481 |
|
1482 |
|
1483 |
|
1484 |
|
1485 |
<p><br> |
1486 |
<a name="declinuxredhat"></a> |
1487 |
<h3>Redhat Linux for DECstation:</h3> |
1488 |
|
1489 |
|
1490 |
<p> |
1491 |
|
1492 |
<a href="20041129-redhat_mips.png"><img src="20041129-redhat_mips_small.png"></a> |
1493 |
|
1494 |
<p> |
1495 |
The following steps should let you run Redhat Linux for DECstation in GXemul: |
1496 |
|
1497 |
<p> |
1498 |
<ol> |
1499 |
<li>Download a kernel. David Muse' Debian-install kernel works fine:<pre> |
1500 |
<a href="http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31">http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31</a> |
1501 |
|
1502 |
</pre> |
1503 |
<li>Download a root filesystem tree:<pre> |
1504 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/</a> |
1505 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a> |
1506 |
19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414 |
1507 |
|
1508 |
</pre> |
1509 |
<li>Create a disk image which will contain the Redhat filesystem:<pre> |
1510 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=redhat_mips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b> |
1511 |
|
1512 |
</pre> |
1513 |
<li>This is the tricky part: on redhat_mips.img, you need to create an MS-DOS |
1514 |
(!) partition table, and then an ext2 partition. This is what Linux |
1515 |
will then see as /dev/sda1. |
1516 |
<p>I recommend you run fdisk and mke2fs and untar the archive from within |
1517 |
Debian/DECstation or <a href="#debiancats">Debian/CATS</a> running |
1518 |
inside the emulator. (Alternatively, if you are on a Linux host, |
1519 |
you could use a loopback mount, or similar. This might require |
1520 |
root access. See e.g. |
1521 |
<a href="http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux">http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux</a>.) |
1522 |
<p> |
1523 |
In order to actually boot the system you need to modify /etc/fstab. |
1524 |
Change<pre> |
1525 |
/dev/root / nfs defaults 1 1 |
1526 |
#/dev/sdc1 / ext2 defaults 1 1 |
1527 |
none /proc proc defaults 0 0 |
1528 |
none /dev/pts devpts mode=0622 0 0 |
1529 |
|
1530 |
</pre>to<pre> |
1531 |
#/dev/root / nfs defaults 1 1 |
1532 |
/dev/sda1 / ext2 defaults 1 1 |
1533 |
none /proc proc defaults 0 0 |
1534 |
none /dev/pts devpts mode=0622 0 0 |
1535 |
|
1536 |
</pre>(Note sda1 instead of sdc1.) |
1537 |
</ol> |
1538 |
|
1539 |
<p>To boot Redhat linux from the disk image, use the following command line:<pre> |
1540 |
<b>gxemul -X -e3max -o "root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat_mips.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b> |
1541 |
|
1542 |
</pre> |
1543 |
If you need to boot into single user mode, change options to |
1544 |
<tt><b>-o "root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh"</b></tt>. |
1545 |
|
1546 |
|
1547 |
|
1548 |
|
1549 |
|
1550 |
|
1551 |
|
1552 |
<p><br> |
1553 |
<hr> |
1554 |
|
1555 |
|
1556 |
|
1557 |
|
1558 |
|
1559 |
|
1560 |
|
1561 |
<p><br> |
1562 |
<a name="mach"></a> |
1563 |
<h3>Mach/PMAX:</h3> |
1564 |
|
1565 |
Read the following link if you want to know more about Mach in general: |
1566 |
<a href="http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/www/mach.html"> |
1567 |
http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/www/mach.html</a> |
1568 |
|
1569 |
<p> |
1570 |
<font color="#ff0000">NOTE: Mach for DECstation requires some files |
1571 |
(called 'startup' and 'emulator') which I haven't been able to find |
1572 |
on the web. Without these, Mach will not get very far. These |
1573 |
installation instructions are preliminary. |
1574 |
</font> |
1575 |
|
1576 |
<p> |
1577 |
|
1578 |
<a href="20041018-mach_pmax.png"><img src="20041018-mach_pmax_small.png"></a> |
1579 |
|
1580 |
<p> |
1581 |
The following steps should let you experiment with running Mach |
1582 |
for DECstation in the emulator: |
1583 |
|
1584 |
<p> |
1585 |
<ol> |
1586 |
<li>Compile gxemul with cache emulation: (<b>NOTE: --enable-caches</b>)<pre> |
1587 |
<b>./configure --enable-caches; make</b> |
1588 |
|
1589 |
</pre> |
1590 |
<li>Download the pmax binary distribution for Mach 3.0:<pre> |
1591 |
<a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/</a> |
1592 |
<a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z</a> |
1593 |
7263343 bytes, md5 = f9d76c240a6e169921a1df99ad560cc0 |
1594 |
|
1595 |
</pre> |
1596 |
<li>Extract the Mach kernel:<pre> |
1597 |
<b>tar xfvz pmax.tar.Z pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b> |
1598 |
|
1599 |
</pre> |
1600 |
<li>Create an empty disk image:<pre> |
1601 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=disk.img bs=1 count=512 seek=400000000</b> |
1602 |
|
1603 |
</pre> |
1604 |
<li>Load the contents of pmax.tar.Z onto the disk image. This is |
1605 |
complicated, and should be described in more detail some time. |
1606 |
For now, use your imagination. (For example using OpenBSD/pmax: |
1607 |
<i>disklabel -E rz1; newfs -O /dev/rz1a; |
1608 |
mount /dev/rz1a /mnt; cd /mnt; download pmax.tar.Z using ftp; |
1609 |
tar xzvf pmax.tar.Z; mv pmax_mach/* .; rmdir pmax_mach; |
1610 |
mkdir mach_servers; |
1611 |
cd mach_servers; |
1612 |
cp ../etc/mach_init .; |
1613 |
cp ../tests/test_service startup; |
1614 |
dd if=/dev/zero of=paging_file bs=65536 count=400; |
1615 |
cd /; sync; umount /mnt</i>) |
1616 |
<p> |
1617 |
<li>Start the emulator with the following command:<pre> |
1618 |
<b>gxemul -e 3max -X -d disk.img \ |
1619 |
pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b> |
1620 |
|
1621 |
</pre> |
1622 |
</ol> |
1623 |
|
1624 |
|
1625 |
|
1626 |
|
1627 |
|
1628 |
|
1629 |
|
1630 |
<p><br> |
1631 |
<a name="openbsdsgiinstall"></a> |
1632 |
<h3>OpenBSD/sgi:</h3> |
1633 |
|
1634 |
<a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sgi.html">OpenBSD/sgi</a> |
1635 |
can (almost) run in GXemul on an emulated O2 (SGI-IP32) with root on nfs. |
1636 |
|
1637 |
<p> |
1638 |
|
1639 |
<a href="20050617-openbsd-sgi.png"><img src="20050617-openbsd-sgi_small.png"></a> |
1640 |
|
1641 |
<p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE: I haven't succeeded all the way with |
1642 |
this yet, and this shows/triggers many bugs in the emulator, but some of |
1643 |
it works.</font> |
1644 |
|
1645 |
<p>GXemul does not yet emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in the O2. (I have |
1646 |
mailed Adaptec several times, asking for documentation, but never received |
1647 |
any reply.) OpenBSD/sgi can still run in the emulator, as long as it doesn't |
1648 |
use SCSI. For a simple test with the ramdisk (install) kernel, try dowloading<pre> |
1649 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd.rd">bsd.rd</a> |
1650 |
|
1651 |
</pre>and run <b><tt>gxemul -xeo2 bsd.rd</tt></b>. |
1652 |
|
1653 |
<p>It might also be possible to netboot. Another emulated machine must |
1654 |
then be used as the nfs root server, and the emulated O2 machine must boot |
1655 |
as a <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=diskless&manpath=OpenBSD+Current&format=html">diskless</a> |
1656 |
client. Performing this setup is quite time consuming, but necessary: |
1657 |
|
1658 |
<p> |
1659 |
<ol> |
1660 |
<li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up. |
1661 |
This needs to have a 800 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition. |
1662 |
<a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 from CDROM</a>. |
1663 |
(Don't forget to add the extra partition!) |
1664 |
<p> |
1665 |
<li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server. |
1666 |
Start up the emulated DECstation:<pre> |
1667 |
<b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b> |
1668 |
</pre>and enter the following commands as <tt>root</tt> |
1669 |
inside the emulator: |
1670 |
<table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
1671 |
<b>echo hostname=server >> /etc/rc.conf |
1672 |
echo ifconfig_le0=\"inet 10.0.0.2\" >> /etc/rc.conf |
1673 |
echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 >> /etc/resolv.conf |
1674 |
echo 10.0.0.254 > /etc/mygate |
1675 |
echo /tftpboot -maproot=root 10.0.0.1 > /etc/exports |
1676 |
echo rpcbind=YES >> /etc/rc.conf |
1677 |
echo nfs_server=YES >> /etc/rc.conf |
1678 |
echo mountd=YES >> /etc/rc.conf |
1679 |
echo bootparamd=YES >> /etc/rc.conf |
1680 |
printf "client root=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot \\\n swap=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot/swap\n" > /etc/bootparams |
1681 |
echo "10:20:30:00:00:10 client" > /etc/ethers |
1682 |
echo 10.0.0.1 client > /etc/hosts |
1683 |
reboot</b> |
1684 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
1685 |
<li>Start the DECstation emulation again, and enter the following |
1686 |
commands to download the OpenBSD/sgi distribution:<br>(NOTE: This |
1687 |
takes quite some time, even if you have a fast network connection.) |
1688 |
<table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
1689 |
<b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.openbsd.org</b> |
1690 |
(log in as anonymous...) |
1691 |
<b>cd pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi |
1692 |
mget b*tgz c*tgz e* g* m* |
1693 |
quit |
1694 |
sh |
1695 |
for a in *.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done |
1696 |
echo 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot / nfs rw 0 0 > /tftpboot/etc/fstab |
1697 |
rm *.tgz |
1698 |
dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32768 |
1699 |
halt</b> |
1700 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
1701 |
<li>Download the OpenBSD/sgi GENERIC and RAMDISK kernels:<pre> |
1702 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd</a> |
1703 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd.rd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd.rd</a> |
1704 |
|
1705 |
</pre> |
1706 |
<li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>: |
1707 |
<table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
1708 |
<font color="#2020cf">! Configuration file for running OpenBSD/sgi diskless with |
1709 |
! a NetBSD/pmax machine as the nfs server. |
1710 |
! |
1711 |
! This config file is for the client.</font> |
1712 |
|
1713 |
<b> net( |
1714 |
add_remote("localhost:12444") </b>! the server<b> |
1715 |
local_port(12445) </b>! the client<b> |
1716 |
) |
1717 |
|
1718 |
machine( |
1719 |
name("client machine") |
1720 |
serial_nr(1) |
1721 |
|
1722 |
type("sgi") |
1723 |
subtype("o2") |
1724 |
|
1725 |
</b>! load("bsd")<b> |
1726 |
load("bsd.rd") |
1727 |
) |
1728 |
</b> |
1729 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
1730 |
... and another configuration file for the server, |
1731 |
<tt>config_server</tt>: |
1732 |
<table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
1733 |
<b> net( |
1734 |
local_port(12444) </b>! the server<b> |
1735 |
add_remote("localhost:12445") </b>! the client<b> |
1736 |
) |
1737 |
|
1738 |
machine( |
1739 |
name("nfs server") |
1740 |
serial_nr(2) |
1741 |
|
1742 |
type("dec") |
1743 |
subtype("5000/200") |
1744 |
|
1745 |
disk("nbsd_pmax.img") |
1746 |
) |
1747 |
</b> |
1748 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
1749 |
<li>Boot the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" and the OpenBSD/sgi |
1750 |
"<tt>client machine</tt>" as two separate emulator instances:<pre> |
1751 |
in one xterm: |
1752 |
<b>gxemul @config_server</b> |
1753 |
|
1754 |
and then, in another xterm: |
1755 |
<b>gxemul @config_client</b> |
1756 |
|
1757 |
</pre> |
1758 |
<li>In the OpenBSD/sgi window, choose "<tt>s</tt>" (for Shell), and type: |
1759 |
<table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
1760 |
<b>ifconfig mec0 10.0.0.1; route add default 10.0.0.254 |
1761 |
mount -v 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot /mnt |
1762 |
cd /mnt/dev; ./MAKEDEV all; cd /; umount /mnt |
1763 |
halt</b> |
1764 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
1765 |
You might want to log in as <tt>root</tt> on the server machine, and |
1766 |
run <tt>tcpdump -lnvv</tt> or similar, to see that what the client |
1767 |
machine actually does on the network. The <tt>MAKEDEV</tt> script |
1768 |
takes almost forever, so be patient. |
1769 |
</ol> |
1770 |
|
1771 |
|
1772 |
<p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE: Everything up to this point should work. |
1773 |
However, the next step (in gray) doesn't actually work:</font> |
1774 |
|
1775 |
<p><font color="#888888">Once everything has been set up correctly, change |
1776 |
<tt>bsd.rd</tt> in <tt>config_client</tt> to just <tt>bsd</tt> (the GENERIC |
1777 |
kernel). It should now be possible to boot OpenBSD/sgi using the NetBSD/pmax |
1778 |
nfs server. (When asked for "<tt>root device :</tt>" on the OpenBSD machine, |
1779 |
enter <tt><b>mec0</b></tt>.)</font> |
1780 |
|
1781 |
<p><font color="#ff0000">But it doesn't work. Probably because GXemul's |
1782 |
implementation of the mec (ethernet card used in the O2) is too much of |
1783 |
a quick hack. For now, use the <tt>bsd.rd</tt> kernel, and (at every |
1784 |
boot) type:</font><pre> |
1785 |
<b>s</b> (for Shell) |
1786 |
<b>ifconfig mec0 10.0.0.1; route add default 10.0.0.254</b> |
1787 |
<b>mount -v 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot /mnt</b> |
1788 |
<b>cd /mnt; usr/sbin/chroot .</b> |
1789 |
<b>sh etc/rc</b> |
1790 |
</pre> |
1791 |
|
1792 |
<p><font color="#ff0000">This will not cause OpenBSD to be booted |
1793 |
normally, but at least a few basic things will work. |
1794 |
By the way, the emulator performs so poorly, that you will have time to |
1795 |
fetch several cups of coffee for each of the steps above.</font> |
1796 |
|
1797 |
|
1798 |
|
1799 |
|
1800 |
|
1801 |
|
1802 |
|
1803 |
|
1804 |
|
1805 |
<p><br> |
1806 |
<a name="openbsdarcinstall"></a> |
1807 |
<h3>OpenBSD/arc:</h3> |
1808 |
|
1809 |
It is (almost) possible to install and run OpenBSD/arc on an emulated Acer |
1810 |
PICA-61 in the emulator. |
1811 |
|
1812 |
<p><font color="#e00000">Earlier, I had this guest OS listed as |
1813 |
officially working in the emulator, but for several reasons, it has |
1814 |
been moved down here to the "informative-but-not-really-working" |
1815 |
section.</font> |
1816 |
|
1817 |
<p> |
1818 |
<ul> |
1819 |
<li>The last OpenBSD/arc release was 2.3. This means that it is very |
1820 |
old, it would not give a fair picture of what OpenBSD is (if you |
1821 |
are just looking to find out what it is like), and it is not |
1822 |
worth experimenting with it. See |
1823 |
<a href="http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html">http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html</a> |
1824 |
for more information. |
1825 |
<li>OpenBSD/arc was (if I understood things correctly) never really |
1826 |
stable, even on real hardare. Problems with too small an interrupt |
1827 |
stack. Bugs are triggered in the emulator that have to do with |
1828 |
issues such as this. |
1829 |
</ul> |
1830 |
|
1831 |
<p> |
1832 |
|
1833 |
<a href="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed.gif"><img src="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed_small.gif"></a> |
1834 |
|
1835 |
<p> |
1836 |
<font color="#e00000">Currently, I don't test for every release whether |
1837 |
or not OpenBSD/arc can be installed. Releases prior to 0.3.7 |
1838 |
(but probably <i>not</i> 0.3.7) should work. Anyway, here are the |
1839 |
old installation instructions:</font> |
1840 |
|
1841 |
<p>To install OpenBSD/arc onto an emulated harddisk image, follow these |
1842 |
instructions: |
1843 |
|
1844 |
<p> |
1845 |
<ol> |
1846 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
1847 |
that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre> |
1848 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b> |
1849 |
|
1850 |
</pre> |
1851 |
<li>Download the entire arc directory from the ftp server: (approx. 75 MB)<pre> |
1852 |
<b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/</a></b> |
1853 |
|
1854 |
</pre> |
1855 |
|
1856 |
<li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded. |
1857 |
(I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't |
1858 |
already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need |
1859 |
to install it in order to do this.)<pre> |
1860 |
<b>mkisofs -o openbsd_arc_2.3.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b> |
1861 |
|
1862 |
</pre> |
1863 |
<li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre> |
1864 |
<b>gxemul -e pica -X -d obsd_arc.img -d b:openbsd_arc_2.3.iso -j 2.3/arc/bsd.rd</b> |
1865 |
|
1866 |
</pre> |
1867 |
and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD |
1868 |
on a real Acer PICA-61. (Answer 'no' when asked if you want to |
1869 |
configure networking, and then install from CD-ROM.) |
1870 |
</ol> |
1871 |
|
1872 |
<p> |
1873 |
Once the install has finished, the following command should let you |
1874 |
boot from the harddisk image: |
1875 |
<p> |
1876 |
<pre> |
1877 |
<b>gxemul -X -e pica -d obsd_arc.img ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/bsd</b> |
1878 |
|
1879 |
</pre> |
1880 |
|
1881 |
The system is very sensitive to (I think) kernel stack overflow, so it |
1882 |
crashes easily. If I remember correctly from mailing lists, this also |
1883 |
happened on real hardware. |
1884 |
|
1885 |
|
1886 |
|
1887 |
|
1888 |
|
1889 |
|
1890 |
|
1891 |
|
1892 |
|
1893 |
|
1894 |
|
1895 |
<p><br> |
1896 |
<a name="debiancats"></a> |
1897 |
<h3>Debian GNU/Linux for CATS:</h3> |
1898 |
|
1899 |
Debian GNU/Linux for CATS (ARM) could <i>theoretically</i> run in GXemul, |
1900 |
however: |
1901 |
|
1902 |
<ul> |
1903 |
<li>The DEC 21143 NIC is not emulated well enough for Linux to accept it. |
1904 |
<li>Development of Debian for CATS seems to have died? The latest |
1905 |
install kernel is quite old. |
1906 |
</ul> |
1907 |
|
1908 |
<p><font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font> |
1909 |
|
1910 |
<p>The following installation instructions would theoretically work: |
1911 |
|
1912 |
<p> |
1913 |
<ol> |
1914 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
1915 |
that Debian installs itself onto:<pre> |
1916 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3300000</b> |
1917 |
|
1918 |
</pre> |
1919 |
<li>Download the tftpboot install kernel:<pre> |
1920 |
<a href="http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/oldstable/main/disks-arm/current/cats/tftpboot.img">http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/oldstable/main/disks-arm/current/cats/tftpboot.img</a> |
1921 |
|
1922 |
</pre> |
1923 |
<li>Start the installation using the following command line:<pre> |
1924 |
<b>gxemul -XEcats -d debian_cats.img tftpboot.img</b> |
1925 |
|
1926 |
</pre> |
1927 |
</ol> |
1928 |
|
1929 |
<p>It doesn't work, though, because the NIC isn't working well enough. |
1930 |
|
1931 |
<p>The only use of Debian/CATS in the emulator right now is as a way to |
1932 |
manipulate Linux disk images, if you are on a non-Linux host. By choosing |
1933 |
"Execute a shell" in the installer's menu, you can have access to tools such as |
1934 |
fdisk and mke2fs, which are useful for creating Linux paritions on disk images. |
1935 |
|
1936 |
|
1937 |
|
1938 |
|
1939 |
|
1940 |
|
1941 |
|
1942 |
|
1943 |
<p><br> |
1944 |
<a name="linux_qemu_mips"></a> |
1945 |
<h3>Linux/QEMU_MIPS:</h3> |
1946 |
|
1947 |
I've added a semi-bogus machine mode which tries to |
1948 |
mimic the MIPS machine mode used in Fabrice Bellard's |
1949 |
<a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/">QEMU</a>. |
1950 |
|
1951 |
<p>Follow these steps to download and run the Linux/QEMU_MIPS test |
1952 |
ramdisk kernel: |
1953 |
|
1954 |
<p><ol> |
1955 |
<li>Download <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/mips-test-0.1.tar.gz">mips-test-0.1.tar.gz</a> |
1956 |
from <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html</a>, |
1957 |
and extract its contents (<tt>tar zxvf mips-test-0.1.tar.gz</tt>). |
1958 |
<p> |
1959 |
<li>Test it in GXemul using the following command line:<pre> |
1960 |
<b>gxemul -E qemu_mips -o 'console=ttyS0 root=/dev/ram |
1961 |
rd_start=0x80800000 rd_size=10000000 init=/bin/sh' |
1962 |
0x80800000:mips-test/initrd mips-test/vmlinux-r1</b> |
1963 |
|
1964 |
</pre> |
1965 |
</ol> |
1966 |
|
1967 |
<p><i>"QEMU is a FAST! processor emulator"</i> according to <a |
1968 |
href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/qemu-doc.html">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/qemu-doc.html</a>. |
1969 |
Sometimes QEMU is faster than GXemul, sometimes it is the other way |
1970 |
around. A quick (and quite unfair) test on my laptop (1.8 GHz Turion ML32, |
1971 |
I think, in AMD64 mode) comparing QEMU 0.8.1 installed as a binary package |
1972 |
from FreeBSD ports with GXemul gave the following result: |
1973 |
|
1974 |
<p><pre> |
1975 |
<b>while true; do ls -l > /dev/null; echo -n .; done</b> |
1976 |
(80 x 36 dots) |
1977 |
QEMU 0.8.1: 13 min 48 sec |
1978 |
GXemul 20060711: 7 min 54 sec |
1979 |
GXemul 0.4.1: 4 min 59 sec |
1980 |
|
1981 |
<b>while true; do /usr/bin/md5sum /usr/bin/* > /dev/null; echo -n .; done</b> |
1982 |
(80 dots) |
1983 |
QEMU 0.8.1: 2 min 9 sec |
1984 |
GXemul 20060711: 8 min 49 sec |
1985 |
GXemul 0.4.1: 6 min 54 sec |
1986 |
|
1987 |
<b>while true; do grep hej lib/libtextwrap.so.1 > /dev/null; echo -n .; done</b> |
1988 |
(80 dots) |
1989 |
QEMU 0.8.1: 10 min 5 sec |
1990 |
GXemul 20060711: 3 min 8 sec |
1991 |
GXemul 0.4.1: 1 min 42 sec |
1992 |
</pre> |
1993 |
|
1994 |
<p>The commands were run inside the emulators, using the ramdisk kernel |
1995 |
mentioned above. (For GXemul, 2006-07-11 was the date when the QEMU_MIPS |
1996 |
mode was added. Performance has since gotten a bit better in general, for |
1997 |
non-R3000 MIPS emulation.) |
1998 |
|
1999 |
|
2000 |
|
2001 |
|
2002 |
|
2003 |
|
2004 |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
<p><br> |
2007 |
<a name="windows_nt_mips"></a> |
2008 |
<h3>Windows NT/MIPS:</h3> |
2009 |
|
2010 |
Old versions of Windows NT could run on MIPS hardware, e.g. |
2011 |
the PICA 61. It is theoretically possible that the emulation provided by |
2012 |
GXemul some day could be stable/complete enough to emulate |
2013 |
such hardware well enough to fool Windows NT into thinking |
2014 |
that it is running on a real machine. |
2015 |
<font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font> |
2016 |
|
2017 |
<p>Something like this would be done to install |
2018 |
Windows NT onto a disk image: |
2019 |
|
2020 |
<ol> |
2021 |
<li>Put a "Windows NT 4.0 for MIPS" CDROM (or similar) into |
2022 |
your CDROM drive. (On FreeBSD systems, it is |
2023 |
usually called <tt>/dev/cd0c</tt> or similar. Change |
2024 |
that to whatever the CDROM is called on your system, |
2025 |
or the name of a raw .iso image. I have tried this |
2026 |
with the Swedish version, but it might work with |
2027 |
other versions too.) |
2028 |
<p> |
2029 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image |
2030 |
that you will install Windows NT onto:<pre> |
2031 |
$ <b><tt>dd if=/dev/zero of=winnt_test.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</tt></b> |
2032 |
|
2033 |
</pre> |
2034 |
<li>Run the ARC installer, to partition the disk image:<pre> |
2035 |
$ <b><tt>gxemul -X -e pica -d winnt_test.img -d bc6:/dev/cd0c -j MIPS\\ARCINST</tt></b> |
2036 |
</pre> |
2037 |
Note that <tt>ARCINST</tt> <i>almost</i> works, but not quite. |
2038 |
<p> |
2039 |
<li>Run the SETUP program:<pre> |
2040 |
$ <b><tt>gxemul -X -e pica -d winnt_test.img -d bc6:/dev/cd0c -j MIPS\\SETUPLDR</tt></b> |
2041 |
</pre> |
2042 |
</ol> |
2043 |
|
2044 |
<p><tt>SETUPLDR</tt> manages to load some drivers from the cdrom, |
2045 |
but then it crashes because of incomplete emulation of some hardware devices. |
2046 |
|
2047 |
|
2048 |
|
2049 |
|
2050 |
|
2051 |
|
2052 |
|
2053 |
<p><br> |
2054 |
<a name="netbsdnetwinderinstall"></a> |
2055 |
<h3>NetBSD/netwinder:</h3> |
2056 |
|
2057 |
<a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/netwinder/">NetBSD/netwinder</a> |
2058 |
could possibly run in GXemul. |
2059 |
<font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font> |
2060 |
|
2061 |
<p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL |
2062 |
kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/netwinder distribution onto a disk |
2063 |
image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine. |
2064 |
|
2065 |
<p> |
2066 |
The following instructions will let you install the NetBSD/netwinder |
2067 |
distribution onto a disk image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX machine: |
2068 |
|
2069 |
<p> |
2070 |
<ol> |
2071 |
<li>Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 according to instructions |
2072 |
<a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">further up on this page</a>. |
2073 |
<p> |
2074 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image |
2075 |
that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre> |
2076 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_netwinder.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b> |
2077 |
|
2078 |
</pre> |
2079 |
<li>Download the generic kernel and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre> |
2080 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a> |
2081 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/netwindercd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/netwindercd.iso</a> |
2082 |
|
2083 |
</pre> |
2084 |
<p> |
2085 |
<li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre> |
2086 |
<b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d nbsd_netwinder.img -d netwinder.iso</b> |
2087 |
|
2088 |
</pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>: |
2089 |
<p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt> </tt></td><td><pre> |
2090 |
<b>newfs /dev/sd1c |
2091 |
mount /dev/cd0c /mnt |
2092 |
mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2 |
2093 |
cd /mnt2; sh |
2094 |
for a in /mnt/netwinder/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done |
2095 |
exit |
2096 |
cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc |
2097 |
echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf |
2098 |
echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab |
2099 |
cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b> |
2100 |
</pre></td></tr></table> |
2101 |
</ol> |
2102 |
|
2103 |
<p>NetBSD/netwinder is now installed on the disk image. But actually |
2104 |
running it does <b>not work yet</b>. Sorry. |
2105 |
|
2106 |
<p>Something like the following command line would be used to start |
2107 |
NetBSD, if it worked:<pre> |
2108 |
<b>gxemul -E netwinder -d nbsd_netwinder.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b> |
2109 |
</pre> |
2110 |
|
2111 |
<p>Note: The installation instructions above create a filesystem |
2112 |
<i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no |
2113 |
swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the |
2114 |
generic kernel:<pre> |
2115 |
root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b> |
2116 |
dump device (default wd0b): <b>none</b> |
2117 |
file system (default generic): <i>(just press enter)</i> |
2118 |
init path (default /sbin/init): <i>(just press enter)</i> |
2119 |
</pre> |
2120 |
|
2121 |
|
2122 |
|
2123 |
|
2124 |
|
2125 |
|
2126 |
|
2127 |
|
2128 |
<p><br> |
2129 |
<a name="netbsdmacppcinstall"></a> |
2130 |
<h3>NetBSD/macppc:</h3> |
2131 |
|
2132 |
It is <font color="#ff0000"><b>ALMOST</b></font> possible to install and run |
2133 |
<a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/macppc/">NetBSD/macppc</a> in GXemul |
2134 |
on an emulated generic PowerPC machine. No specific Machintosh model |
2135 |
is emulated, but it is enough to for NetBSD to recognize it. |
2136 |
|
2137 |
<p>To install NetBSD/macppc onto a disk image, follow these instructions: |
2138 |
|
2139 |
<p> |
2140 |
<ol start="1"> |
2141 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
2142 |
that you will install NetBSD/macppc onto:<pre> |
2143 |
<b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_macppc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b> |
2144 |
|
2145 |
</pre> |
2146 |
<li>Download the NetBSD/macppc 3.0 ISO image and a generic kernel:<pre> |
2147 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/macppccd-3.0.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/macppccd-3.0.iso</a> |
2148 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/macppc/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/macppc/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</a> |
2149 |
|
2150 |
</pre> |
2151 |
<p> |
2152 |
<li>Start the installation like this:<pre> |
2153 |
<b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img -d b:macppccd-3.0.iso -j macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b> |
2154 |
|
2155 |
</pre> |
2156 |
</ol> |
2157 |
|
2158 |
<p>If everything worked, NetBSD/macppc should now be installed on the disk image. |
2159 |
|
2160 |
<p><font color="#ff0000"><b>2006-02-26:</b></font> That's it. The installation |
2161 |
succeeds, but it is not possible to start from the newly installed disk. |
2162 |
/sbin/init dies, so the following command doesn't really work yet: |
2163 |
|
2164 |
<p>Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre> |
2165 |
<b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</b> |
2166 |
|
2167 |
</pre> |
2168 |
|
2169 |
|
2170 |
|
2171 |
|
2172 |
|
2173 |
</p> |
2174 |
|
2175 |
</body> |
2176 |
</html> |