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1 <p><b>The Application</b></p>
2 <p>Numerous clinical trials have confirmed azithromycin's efficacy for many different
3 indications. At present, azithromycin is used in the treatment of upper respiratory
4 tract infections (bacterial pharyngitis/tonsillitis, bacterial sinusitis, bacterial
5 otitis media), lower respiratory tract infections (bacterial bronchitis, acute
6 exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia), sexually
7 transmitted diseases (uncomplicated urethritis, uncomplicated cervicitis), pelvic
8 inflammatory disease, gastric and duodenal infections caused by <i>Helicobacter
9 pylori</i>, skin and soft tissue infections (erysipelas, impetigo, secondary
10 pyoderma, erythema migrans) and prevention of disseminated <i>Mycobacterium
11 avium</i> complex in persons with advanced HIV infection.</p>
12 <p>Azithromycin's advantage is its activity against gram-negative organisms, particularly
13 <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>, and intracellular and other organisms (<i>Mycoplasma
14 pneumoniae</i>, <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i>, <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and
15 <i>Legionella pneumophila</i>). Since azithromycin shows a good activity against
16 the most common pathogens it is used as a choice for empirical therapy.</p>
17 <p><b>The Future</b></p>
18 <p>Clinical investigation into new indications is lead by the <i>in vitro</i>
19 activity of azithromycin on one hand and unmet medical needs on the other. Potential
20 prospects for azithromycin in clinical usage belong to field of infectious diseases
21 and chronic "non-infectious" diseases. Among infectious diseases, azithromycin
22 may have potential uses in the treatment of acute infectious diarrhoea, inclusion
23 conjunctivitis, dental infections, acne, pertussis, prostatitis, trachoma, toxoplasmosis,
24 syphilis, rickettsiosis, leptospirosis and typhoid fever. In field of chronic
25 "non-infectious" diseases, the strongest indication extensively
26 investigated so far is atherosclerosis.</p>

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