1 |
package Biblio::Isis; |
2 |
use strict; |
3 |
|
4 |
use Carp; |
5 |
use File::Glob qw(:globally :nocase); |
6 |
|
7 |
use Data::Dumper; |
8 |
|
9 |
BEGIN { |
10 |
use Exporter (); |
11 |
use vars qw ($VERSION @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS); |
12 |
$VERSION = 0.12; |
13 |
@ISA = qw (Exporter); |
14 |
#Give a hoot don't pollute, do not export more than needed by default |
15 |
@EXPORT = qw (); |
16 |
@EXPORT_OK = qw (); |
17 |
%EXPORT_TAGS = (); |
18 |
|
19 |
} |
20 |
|
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=head1 NAME |
22 |
|
23 |
Biblio::Isis - Read CDS/ISIS, WinISIS and IsisMarc database |
24 |
|
25 |
=head1 SYNOPSIS |
26 |
|
27 |
use Biblio::Isis; |
28 |
|
29 |
my $isis = new Biblio::Isis( |
30 |
isisdb => './cds/cds', |
31 |
); |
32 |
|
33 |
for(my $mfn = 1; $mfn <= $isis->count; $mfn++) { |
34 |
print $isis->to_ascii($mfn),"\n"; |
35 |
} |
36 |
|
37 |
=head1 DESCRIPTION |
38 |
|
39 |
This module will read ISIS databases created by DOS CDS/ISIS, WinIsis or |
40 |
IsisMarc. It can be used as perl-only alternative to OpenIsis module which |
41 |
seems to depriciate it's old C<XS> bindings for perl. |
42 |
|
43 |
It can create hash values from data in ISIS database (using C<to_hash>), |
44 |
ASCII dump (using C<to_ascii>) or just hash with field names and packed |
45 |
values (like C<^asomething^belse>). |
46 |
|
47 |
Unique feature of this module is ability to C<include_deleted> records. |
48 |
It will also skip zero sized fields (OpenIsis has a bug in XS bindings, so |
49 |
fields which are zero sized will be filled with random junk from memory). |
50 |
|
51 |
It also has support for identifiers (only if ISIS database is created by |
52 |
IsisMarc), see C<to_hash>. |
53 |
|
54 |
This module will always be slower than OpenIsis module which use C |
55 |
library. However, since it's written in perl, it's platform independent (so |
56 |
you don't need C compiler), and can be easily modified. I hope that it |
57 |
creates data structures which are easier to use than ones created by |
58 |
OpenIsis, so reduced time in other parts of the code should compensate for |
59 |
slower performance of this module (speed of reading ISIS database is |
60 |
rarely an issue). |
61 |
|
62 |
=head1 METHODS |
63 |
|
64 |
=cut |
65 |
|
66 |
# my $ORDN; # Nodes Order |
67 |
# my $ORDF; # Leafs Order |
68 |
# my $N; # Number of Memory buffers for nodes |
69 |
# my $K; # Number of buffers for first level index |
70 |
# my $LIV; # Current number of Index Levels |
71 |
# my $POSRX; # Pointer to Root Record in N0x |
72 |
# my $NMAXPOS; # Next Available position in N0x |
73 |
# my $FMAXPOS; # Next available position in L0x |
74 |
# my $ABNORMAL; # Formal BTree normality indicator |
75 |
|
76 |
# |
77 |
# some binary reads |
78 |
# |
79 |
|
80 |
=head2 new |
81 |
|
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Open ISIS database |
83 |
|
84 |
my $isis = new Biblio::Isis( |
85 |
isisdb => './cds/cds', |
86 |
read_fdt => 1, |
87 |
include_deleted => 1, |
88 |
hash_filter => sub { |
89 |
my $v = shift; |
90 |
$v =~ s#foo#bar#g; |
91 |
}, |
92 |
debug => 1, |
93 |
); |
94 |
|
95 |
Options are described below: |
96 |
|
97 |
=over 5 |
98 |
|
99 |
=item isisdb |
100 |
|
101 |
This is full or relative path to ISIS database files which include |
102 |
common prefix of C<.MST>, and C<.XRF> and optionally C<.FDT> (if using |
103 |
C<read_fdt> option) files. |
104 |
|
105 |
In this example it uses C<./cds/cds.MST> and related files. |
106 |
|
107 |
=item read_fdt |
108 |
|
109 |
Boolean flag to specify if field definition table should be read. It's off |
110 |
by default. |
111 |
|
112 |
=item include_deleted |
113 |
|
114 |
Don't skip logically deleted records in ISIS. |
115 |
|
116 |
=item hash_filter |
117 |
|
118 |
Filter code ref which will be used before data is converted to hash. |
119 |
|
120 |
=item debug |
121 |
|
122 |
Dump a B<lot> of debugging output. |
123 |
|
124 |
=back |
125 |
|
126 |
=cut |
127 |
|
128 |
sub new { |
129 |
my $class = shift; |
130 |
my $self = {}; |
131 |
bless($self, $class); |
132 |
|
133 |
croak "new needs database name (isisdb) as argument!" unless ({@_}->{isisdb}); |
134 |
|
135 |
foreach my $v (qw{isisdb debug include_deleted hash_filter}) { |
136 |
$self->{$v} = {@_}->{$v}; |
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} |
138 |
|
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my @isis_files = grep(/\.(FDT|MST|XRF|CNT)$/i,glob($self->{isisdb}."*")); |
140 |
|
141 |
foreach my $f (@isis_files) { |
142 |
my $ext = $1 if ($f =~ m/\.(\w\w\w)$/); |
143 |
$self->{lc($ext)."_file"} = $f; |
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} |
145 |
|
146 |
my @must_exist = qw(mst xrf); |
147 |
push @must_exist, "fdt" if ($self->{read_fdt}); |
148 |
|
149 |
foreach my $ext (@must_exist) { |
150 |
unless ($self->{$ext."_file"}) { |
151 |
carp "missing ",uc($ext)," file in ",$self->{isisdb}; |
152 |
return; |
153 |
} |
154 |
} |
155 |
|
156 |
print STDERR "## using files: ",join(" ",@isis_files),"\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
157 |
|
158 |
# if you want to read .FDT file use read_fdt argument when creating class! |
159 |
if ($self->{read_fdt} && -e $self->{fdt_file}) { |
160 |
|
161 |
# read the $db.FDT file for tags |
162 |
my $fieldzone=0; |
163 |
|
164 |
open(my $fileFDT, $self->{fdt_file}) || croak "can't read '$self->{fdt_file}': $!"; |
165 |
binmode($fileFDT); |
166 |
|
167 |
while (<$fileFDT>) { |
168 |
chomp; |
169 |
if ($fieldzone) { |
170 |
my $name=substr($_,0,30); |
171 |
my $tag=substr($_,50,3); |
172 |
|
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$name =~ s/\s+$//; |
174 |
$tag =~ s/\s+$//; |
175 |
|
176 |
$self->{'TagName'}->{$tag}=$name; |
177 |
} |
178 |
|
179 |
if (/^\*\*\*/) { |
180 |
$fieldzone=1; |
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} |
182 |
} |
183 |
|
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close($fileFDT); |
185 |
} |
186 |
|
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# Get the Maximum MFN from $db.MST |
188 |
|
189 |
open($self->{'fileMST'}, $self->{mst_file}) || croak "can't open '$self->{mst_file}': $!"; |
190 |
binmode($self->{'fileMST'}); |
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|
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# MST format: (* = 32 bit signed) |
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# CTLMFN* always 0 |
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# NXTMFN* MFN to be assigned to the next record created |
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# NXTMFB* last block allocated to master file |
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# NXTMFP offset to next available position in last block |
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# MFTYPE always 0 for user db file (1 for system) |
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seek($self->{'fileMST'},4,0) || croak "can't seek to offset 0 in MST: $!"; |
199 |
|
200 |
my $buff; |
201 |
|
202 |
read($self->{'fileMST'}, $buff, 4) || croak "can't read NXTMFN from MST: $!"; |
203 |
$self->{'NXTMFN'}=unpack("V",$buff) || croak "NXTNFN is zero"; |
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|
205 |
print STDERR Dumper($self),"\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
206 |
|
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# open files for later |
208 |
open($self->{'fileXRF'}, $self->{xrf_file}) || croak "can't open '$self->{xrf_file}': $!"; |
209 |
binmode($self->{'fileXRF'}); |
210 |
|
211 |
$self ? return $self : return undef; |
212 |
} |
213 |
|
214 |
=head2 count |
215 |
|
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Return number of records in database |
217 |
|
218 |
print $isis->count; |
219 |
|
220 |
=cut |
221 |
|
222 |
sub count { |
223 |
my $self = shift; |
224 |
return $self->{'NXTMFN'} - 1; |
225 |
} |
226 |
|
227 |
=head2 fetch |
228 |
|
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Read record with selected MFN |
230 |
|
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my $rec = $isis->fetch(55); |
232 |
|
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Returns hash with keys which are field names and values are unpacked values |
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for that field like this: |
235 |
|
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$rec = { |
237 |
'210' => [ '^aNew York^cNew York University press^dcop. 1988' ], |
238 |
'990' => [ '2140', '88', 'HAY' ], |
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}; |
240 |
|
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=cut |
242 |
|
243 |
sub fetch { |
244 |
my $self = shift; |
245 |
|
246 |
my $mfn = shift || croak "fetch needs MFN as argument!"; |
247 |
|
248 |
# is mfn allready in memory? |
249 |
my $old_mfn = $self->{'current_mfn'} || -1; |
250 |
return $self->{record} if ($mfn == $old_mfn); |
251 |
|
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print STDERR "## fetch: $mfn\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
253 |
|
254 |
# XXX check this? |
255 |
my $mfnpos=($mfn+int(($mfn-1)/127))*4; |
256 |
|
257 |
print STDERR "## seeking to $mfnpos in file '$self->{xrf_file}'\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
258 |
seek($self->{'fileXRF'},$mfnpos,0); |
259 |
|
260 |
my $buff; |
261 |
|
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# delete old record |
263 |
delete $self->{record}; |
264 |
|
265 |
# read XRFMFB abd XRFMFP |
266 |
read($self->{'fileXRF'}, $buff, 4); |
267 |
my $pointer=unpack("V",$buff) || croak "pointer is null"; |
268 |
|
269 |
# check for logically deleted record |
270 |
if ($pointer & 0x80000000) { |
271 |
print STDERR "## record $mfn is logically deleted\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
272 |
$self->{deleted} = $mfn; |
273 |
|
274 |
return unless $self->{include_deleted}; |
275 |
|
276 |
# abs |
277 |
$pointer = ($pointer ^ 0xffffffff) + 1; |
278 |
} |
279 |
|
280 |
my $XRFMFB = int($pointer/2048); |
281 |
my $XRFMFP = $pointer - ($XRFMFB*2048); |
282 |
|
283 |
# (XRFMFB - 1) * 512 + XRFMFP |
284 |
# why do i have to do XRFMFP % 1024 ? |
285 |
|
286 |
my $blk_off = (($XRFMFB - 1) * 512) + ($XRFMFP % 512); |
287 |
|
288 |
print STDERR "## pointer: $pointer XRFMFB: $XRFMFB XRFMFP: $XRFMFP offset: $blk_off\n" if ($self->{'debug'}); |
289 |
|
290 |
# Get Record Information |
291 |
|
292 |
seek($self->{'fileMST'},$blk_off,0) || croak "can't seek to $blk_off: $!"; |
293 |
|
294 |
read($self->{'fileMST'}, $buff, 4) || croak "can't read 4 bytes at offset $blk_off from MST file: $!"; |
295 |
my $value=unpack("V",$buff); |
296 |
|
297 |
print STDERR "## offset for rowid $value is $blk_off (blk $XRFMFB off $XRFMFP)\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
298 |
|
299 |
if ($value!=$mfn) { |
300 |
if ($value == 0) { |
301 |
print STDERR "## record $mfn is physically deleted\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
302 |
$self->{deleted} = $mfn; |
303 |
return; |
304 |
} |
305 |
|
306 |
carp "Error: MFN ".$mfn." not found in MST file, found $value"; |
307 |
return; |
308 |
} |
309 |
|
310 |
read($self->{'fileMST'}, $buff, 14); |
311 |
|
312 |
my ($MFRL,$MFBWB,$MFBWP,$BASE,$NVF,$STATUS) = unpack("vVvvvv", $buff); |
313 |
|
314 |
print STDERR "## MFRL: $MFRL MFBWB: $MFBWB MFBWP: $MFBWP BASE: $BASE NVF: $NVF STATUS: $STATUS\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
315 |
|
316 |
warn "MFRL $MFRL is not even number" unless ($MFRL % 2 == 0); |
317 |
|
318 |
warn "BASE is not 18+6*NVF" unless ($BASE == 18 + 6 * $NVF); |
319 |
|
320 |
# Get Directory Format |
321 |
|
322 |
my @FieldPOS; |
323 |
my @FieldLEN; |
324 |
my @FieldTAG; |
325 |
|
326 |
read($self->{'fileMST'}, $buff, 6 * $NVF); |
327 |
|
328 |
my $rec_len = 0; |
329 |
|
330 |
for (my $i = 0 ; $i < $NVF ; $i++) { |
331 |
|
332 |
my ($TAG,$POS,$LEN) = unpack("vvv", substr($buff,$i * 6, 6)); |
333 |
|
334 |
print STDERR "## TAG: $TAG POS: $POS LEN: $LEN\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
335 |
|
336 |
# The TAG does not exists in .FDT so we set it to 0. |
337 |
# |
338 |
# XXX This is removed from perl version; .FDT file is updated manually, so |
339 |
# you will often have fields in .MST file which aren't in .FDT. On the other |
340 |
# hand, IsisMarc doesn't use .FDT files at all! |
341 |
|
342 |
#if (! $self->{TagName}->{$TAG}) { |
343 |
# $TAG=0; |
344 |
#} |
345 |
|
346 |
push @FieldTAG,$TAG; |
347 |
push @FieldPOS,$POS; |
348 |
push @FieldLEN,$LEN; |
349 |
|
350 |
$rec_len += $LEN; |
351 |
} |
352 |
|
353 |
# Get Variable Fields |
354 |
|
355 |
read($self->{'fileMST'},$buff,$rec_len); |
356 |
|
357 |
print STDERR "## rec_len: $rec_len poc: ",tell($self->{'fileMST'})."\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
358 |
|
359 |
for (my $i = 0 ; $i < $NVF ; $i++) { |
360 |
# skip zero-sized fields |
361 |
next if ($FieldLEN[$i] == 0); |
362 |
|
363 |
push @{$self->{record}->{$FieldTAG[$i]}}, substr($buff,$FieldPOS[$i],$FieldLEN[$i]); |
364 |
} |
365 |
|
366 |
$self->{'current_mfn'} = $mfn; |
367 |
|
368 |
print STDERR Dumper($self),"\n" if ($self->{debug}); |
369 |
|
370 |
return $self->{'record'}; |
371 |
} |
372 |
|
373 |
=head2 to_ascii |
374 |
|
375 |
Returns ASCII output of record with specified MFN |
376 |
|
377 |
print $isis->to_ascii(42); |
378 |
|
379 |
This outputs something like this: |
380 |
|
381 |
210 ^aNew York^cNew York University press^dcop. 1988 |
382 |
990 2140 |
383 |
990 88 |
384 |
990 HAY |
385 |
|
386 |
If C<read_fdt> is specified when calling C<new> it will display field names |
387 |
from C<.FDT> file instead of numeric tags. |
388 |
|
389 |
=cut |
390 |
|
391 |
sub to_ascii { |
392 |
my $self = shift; |
393 |
|
394 |
my $mfn = shift || croak "need MFN"; |
395 |
|
396 |
my $rec = $self->fetch($mfn); |
397 |
|
398 |
my $out = "0\t$mfn"; |
399 |
|
400 |
foreach my $f (sort keys %{$rec}) { |
401 |
my $fn = $self->tag_name($f); |
402 |
$out .= "\n$fn\t".join("\n$fn\t",@{$self->{record}->{$f}}); |
403 |
} |
404 |
|
405 |
$out .= "\n"; |
406 |
|
407 |
return $out; |
408 |
} |
409 |
|
410 |
=head2 to_hash |
411 |
|
412 |
Read record with specified MFN and convert it to hash |
413 |
|
414 |
my $hash = $isis->to_hash($mfn); |
415 |
|
416 |
It has ability to convert characters (using C<hash_filter>) from ISIS |
417 |
database before creating structures enabling character re-mapping or quick |
418 |
fix-up of data. |
419 |
|
420 |
This function returns hash which is like this: |
421 |
|
422 |
$hash = { |
423 |
'210' => [ |
424 |
{ |
425 |
'c' => 'New York University press', |
426 |
'a' => 'New York', |
427 |
'd' => 'cop. 1988' |
428 |
} |
429 |
], |
430 |
'990' => [ |
431 |
'2140', |
432 |
'88', |
433 |
'HAY' |
434 |
], |
435 |
}; |
436 |
|
437 |
You can later use that hash to produce any output from ISIS data. |
438 |
|
439 |
If database is created using IsisMarc, it will also have to special fields |
440 |
which will be used for identifiers, C<i1> and C<i2> like this: |
441 |
|
442 |
'200' => [ |
443 |
{ |
444 |
'i1' => '1', |
445 |
'i2' => ' ' |
446 |
'a' => 'Goa', |
447 |
'f' => 'Valdo D\'Arienzo', |
448 |
'e' => 'tipografie e tipografi nel XVI secolo', |
449 |
} |
450 |
], |
451 |
|
452 |
This method will also create additional field C<000> with MFN. |
453 |
|
454 |
=cut |
455 |
|
456 |
sub to_hash { |
457 |
my $self = shift; |
458 |
|
459 |
my $mfn = shift || confess "need mfn!"; |
460 |
|
461 |
# init record to include MFN as field 000 |
462 |
my $rec = { '000' => [ $mfn ] }; |
463 |
|
464 |
my $row = $self->fetch($mfn); |
465 |
|
466 |
foreach my $k (keys %{$row}) { |
467 |
foreach my $l (@{$row->{$k}}) { |
468 |
|
469 |
# filter output |
470 |
$l = $self->{'hash_filter'}->($l) if ($self->{'hash_filter'}); |
471 |
|
472 |
my $val; |
473 |
|
474 |
# has identifiers? |
475 |
($val->{'i1'},$val->{'i2'}) = ($1,$2) if ($l =~ s/^([01 #])([01 #])\^/\^/); |
476 |
|
477 |
# has subfields? |
478 |
if ($l =~ m/\^/) { |
479 |
foreach my $t (split(/\^/,$l)) { |
480 |
next if (! $t); |
481 |
$val->{substr($t,0,1)} = substr($t,1); |
482 |
} |
483 |
} else { |
484 |
$val = $l; |
485 |
} |
486 |
|
487 |
push @{$rec->{$k}}, $val; |
488 |
} |
489 |
} |
490 |
|
491 |
return $rec; |
492 |
} |
493 |
|
494 |
=head2 tag_name |
495 |
|
496 |
Return name of selected tag |
497 |
|
498 |
print $isis->tag_name('200'); |
499 |
|
500 |
=cut |
501 |
|
502 |
sub tag_name { |
503 |
my $self = shift; |
504 |
my $tag = shift || return; |
505 |
return $self->{'TagName'}->{$tag} || $tag; |
506 |
} |
507 |
|
508 |
|
509 |
=head2 read_cnt |
510 |
|
511 |
Read content of C<.CNT> file and return hash containing it. |
512 |
|
513 |
print Dumper($isis->read_cnt); |
514 |
|
515 |
This function is not used by module (C<.CNT> files are not required for this |
516 |
module to work), but it can be useful to examine your index (while debugging |
517 |
for example). |
518 |
|
519 |
=cut |
520 |
|
521 |
sub read_cnt { |
522 |
my $self = shift; |
523 |
|
524 |
croak "missing CNT file in ",$self->{isisdb} unless ($self->{cnt_file}); |
525 |
|
526 |
# Get the index information from $db.CNT |
527 |
|
528 |
open(my $fileCNT, $self->{cnt_file}) || croak "can't read '$self->{cnt_file}': $!"; |
529 |
binmode($fileCNT); |
530 |
|
531 |
my $buff; |
532 |
|
533 |
read($fileCNT, $buff, 26) || croak "can't read first table from CNT: $!"; |
534 |
$self->unpack_cnt($buff); |
535 |
|
536 |
read($fileCNT, $buff, 26) || croak "can't read second table from CNT: $!"; |
537 |
$self->unpack_cnt($buff); |
538 |
|
539 |
close($fileCNT); |
540 |
|
541 |
return $self->{cnt}; |
542 |
} |
543 |
|
544 |
=head2 unpack_cnt |
545 |
|
546 |
Unpack one of two 26 bytes fixed length record in C<.CNT> file. |
547 |
|
548 |
Here is definition of record: |
549 |
|
550 |
off key description size |
551 |
0: IDTYPE BTree type s |
552 |
2: ORDN Nodes Order s |
553 |
4: ORDF Leafs Order s |
554 |
6: N Number of Memory buffers for nodes s |
555 |
8: K Number of buffers for first level index s |
556 |
10: LIV Current number of Index Levels s |
557 |
12: POSRX Pointer to Root Record in N0x l |
558 |
16: NMAXPOS Next Available position in N0x l |
559 |
20: FMAXPOS Next available position in L0x l |
560 |
24: ABNORMAL Formal BTree normality indicator s |
561 |
length: 26 bytes |
562 |
|
563 |
This will fill C<$self> object under C<cnt> with hash. It's used by C<read_cnt>. |
564 |
|
565 |
=cut |
566 |
|
567 |
sub unpack_cnt { |
568 |
my $self = shift; |
569 |
|
570 |
my @flds = qw(ORDN ORDF N K LIV POSRX NMAXPOS FMAXPOS ABNORMAL); |
571 |
|
572 |
my $buff = shift || return; |
573 |
my @arr = unpack("vvvvvvVVVv", $buff); |
574 |
|
575 |
print STDERR "unpack_cnt: ",join(" ",@arr),"\n" if ($self->{'debug'}); |
576 |
|
577 |
my $IDTYPE = shift @arr; |
578 |
foreach (@flds) { |
579 |
$self->{cnt}->{$IDTYPE}->{$_} = abs(shift @arr); |
580 |
} |
581 |
} |
582 |
|
583 |
1; |
584 |
|
585 |
=head1 BUGS |
586 |
|
587 |
Some parts of CDS/ISIS documentation are not detailed enough to exmplain |
588 |
some variations in input databases which has been tested with this module. |
589 |
When I was in doubt, I assumed that OpenIsis's implementation was right |
590 |
(except for obvious bugs). |
591 |
|
592 |
However, every effort has been made to test this module with as much |
593 |
databases (and programs that create them) as possible. |
594 |
|
595 |
I would be very greatful for success or failure reports about usage of this |
596 |
module with databases from programs other than WinIsis and IsisMarc. I had |
597 |
tested this against ouput of one C<isis.dll>-based application, but I don't |
598 |
know any details about it's version. |
599 |
|
600 |
=head1 AUTHOR |
601 |
|
602 |
Dobrica Pavlinusic |
603 |
CPAN ID: DPAVLIN |
604 |
dpavlin@rot13.org |
605 |
http://www.rot13.org/~dpavlin/ |
606 |
|
607 |
This module is based heavily on code from C<LIBISIS.PHP> library to read ISIS files V0.1.1 |
608 |
written in php and (c) 2000 Franck Martin <franck@sopac.org> and released under LGPL. |
609 |
|
610 |
=head1 COPYRIGHT |
611 |
|
612 |
This program is free software; you can redistribute |
613 |
it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
614 |
|
615 |
The full text of the license can be found in the |
616 |
LICENSE file included with this module. |
617 |
|
618 |
|
619 |
=head1 SEE ALSO |
620 |
|
621 |
OpenIsis web site L<http://www.openisis.org> |
622 |
|
623 |
perl4lib site L<http://perl4lib.perl.org> |
624 |
|