/[gxemul]/trunk/doc/guestoses.html

This is repository of my old source code which isn't updated any more. Go to git.rot13.org for current projects!

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-revision 28 by dpavlin,
Mon Oct  8 16:20:26 2007 UTC
+revision 42 by dpavlin,
Mon Oct  8 16:22:32 2007 UTC
 Line 10
  <!--
- $Id: guestoses.html,v 1.157 2006/07/22 10:23:39 debug Exp $
+ $Id: guestoses.html,v 1.226 2007/06/15 06:26:19 debug Exp $
- Copyright (C) 2003-2006  Anders Gavare.  All rights reserved.
+ Copyright (C) 2003-2007  Anders Gavare.  All rights reserved.
  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 Line 48 
 SUCH DAMAGE.
  <p>
  <ul>
    <li><a href="#generalnotes">General notes on running "guest OSes"</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">NetBSD/pmax 3.0 or 1.6.2</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">NetBSD/pmax 3.1 or 1.6.2</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdarcinstall">NetBSD/arc 1.6.2</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdhpcmipsinstall">NetBSD/hpcmips 3.0</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdhpcmipsinstall">NetBSD/hpcmips 3.1</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdcobaltinstall">NetBSD/cobalt 2.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdcobaltinstall">NetBSD/cobalt 3.1</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips 2.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips 3.1</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdsgimips">NetBSD/sgimips 3.0</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdalgorinstall">NetBSD/algor 3.1</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">NetBSD/cats 3.0</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdsgimips">NetBSD/sgimips 3.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">NetBSD/cats 3.1</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdevbarminstall">NetBSD/evbarm 2.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdnetwinderinstall">NetBSD/netwinder 3.1</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdprepinstall">NetBSD/prep 2.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdmacppcinstall">NetBSD/macppc 3.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdpmppc">NetBSD/pmppc 3.1</a>
+   <li><a href="dreamcast.html#netbsd_generic_md">NetBSD/dreamcast 3.1</a>
+   <li><a href="dreamcast.html#linux_live_cd">Linux/dreamcast</a>
    <li><a href="#openbsdpmaxinstall">OpenBSD/pmax 2.8-BETA</a>
-   <li><a href="#openbsdcatsinstall">OpenBSD/cats 3.9</a>
+   <li><a href="#openbsdcatsinstall">OpenBSD/cats 4.0</a>
+   <li><a href="#openbsdlandiskinstall">OpenBSD/landisk 4.1</a>
    <li><a href="#ultrixinstall">Ultrix/RISC 4.5</a>
    <li><a href="#sprite">Sprite for DECstation</a>
    <li><a href="#declinux">Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation</a>
-   <li><a href="#declinuxredhat">Redhat Linux for DECstation</a>
  </ul>
-Line 90 
 updated; if new versions have been relea
+Line 96 
 updated; if new versions have been relea
  well.
  <p>In addition to the "working" guest operating systems listed above,
- you might find the following information interesting: (Some of these might
+ you might find the following information interesting:
- not be relevant for this specific release of GXemul.)
  <ul>
    <li><a href="#mach">Mach/PMAX</a>
+   <li><a href="#declinuxredhat">Redhat Linux for DECstation</a>
    <li><a href="#openbsdsgiinstall">OpenBSD/sgi</a>
    <li><a href="#openbsdarcinstall">OpenBSD/arc 2.3</a>
    <li><a href="#debiancats">Debian GNU/Linux for CATS</a>
+   <!-- <li><a href="#linux_malta">Linux/Malta</a> -->
    <li><a href="#linux_qemu_mips">Linux/QEMU_MIPS</a>
    <li><a href="#windows_nt_mips">Windows NT/MIPS</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdnetwinderinstall">NetBSD/netwinder 2.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdbeboxinstall">NetBSD/bebox 19981119</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdmacppcinstall">NetBSD/macppc 3.0</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdlandiskinstall">NetBSD/landisk</a>
  </ul>
+ <p><b><font color="#ff0000">NOTE:</b>
+ Some of these sections may not be relevant to this
+ specific release of GXemul,</font> for example some of these
+ modes may be legacy modes that worked before but not any longer,
+ or are not yet working but could be in the future.
  <p>Some operating systems are listed with a version number <i>less</i>
  than what was available at the time of this GXemul release (e.g.
  NetBSD/prep). The reasons for this is because of incompleteness in
-Line 119 
 GXemul's machine, device, and/or process
+Line 132 
 GXemul's machine, device, and/or process
  <a name="netbsdpmaxinstall"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/pmax:</h3>
- <p><a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/pmax/">NetBSD/pmax</a> was the
+ <p><a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/pmax/">NetBSD/pmax</a> was the
  first guest OS that could be
  <a href="http://mail-index.netbsd.org/port-pmax/2004/04/18/0000.html">installed</a>
  onto a disk image in GXemul. The device emulation of the DECstation
 /200 is reasonably complete; it should be enough to emulate a
  networked X-windows-capable workstation.
  <p>NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2 works perfectly with X out-of-the-box. Unfortunately,
- newer NetBSD releases have changed slightly, and nowadays X does not
+ newer NetBSD releases have changed slightly, and X does not work straight
- work straight away. (It seems that this has to do with NetBSD switching
+ away with NetBSD 2.x and 3.x. It seems that this has to do with NetBSD
- console system to "WSCONS" somewhere between 1.6.2 and 2.0. I haven't had
+ switching console system to "WSCONS" somewhere between 1.6.2 and 2.0.
- time to figure out how to make it work; at worst it might require a kernel
- recompilation.) What this means is that if you want to use emulated X11,
+ <p>What this means is that if you want to use emulated X11, then you need
- then you need to run NetBSD 1.6.2. If you feel that you only need
+ to run NetBSD 1.6.2. At the time of writing this, 4.0_BETA snapshots work
- serial-console emulation, then choose the latest NetBSD version available.
+ fine too, but 4.0 isn't released yet. If you feel that you only need
+ serial-console emulation, then choose 3.1.
  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a href="20050317-example.png"><img src="20050317-example_small.png"></a>
-Line 141 
 serial-console emulation, then choose th
+Line 155 
 serial-console emulation, then choose th
  <p>To install NetBSD/pmax onto a harddisk image in the emulator,
  follow these instructions:
- <p><ol start="1">
+ <p><ol>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1900000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
  </pre>
- </ol>
- <p>
- From this point, there are two separate ways to continue the installation.
- You can either download a CD-ROM iso image (and let the installation
- program copy files from the CD-ROM image to the harddisk image), or you
- can install via ftp. For an installation from a CD-ROM image, follow these
- steps:
- <p>
- <ol start="2">
    <li>Download a NetBSD CD-ROM iso image:<pre>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso</a>
          or
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/pmaxcd-3.0.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/pmaxcd-3.0.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/pmaxcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/pmaxcd-3.1.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d bc:pmaxcd-3.0.iso</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d b:pmaxcd-3.1.iso</b>
          (or <b>pmaxcd.iso</b>)
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
          DECstation. Remember to choose <tt>vt100</tt> as your terminal
          type, and not <tt>rcons</tt>.
  </ol>
+ <p>If you prefer to do an ftp install (usually much slower), you can
+ follow these instructions instead:
  <p>
- For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 and 3 above with these:
+ <ol>
- <p>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
- <ol start="2">
+         that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
+ </pre>
    <li>Download a NetBSD pmax INSTALL kernel:<pre>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
          or
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>
-Line 201 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
+Line 210 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
  </pre>
          (If using 10.0.0.254 as the nameserver fails, then try entering the
          IP number of a real-world nameserver instead.)
+         <p>
+         Note that NetBSD 1.6.2 is nowadays located at
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2</a>
+         (note <tt>NetBSD-archive</tt> part).
  </ol>
  <p>If you want to use a graphical framebuffer during the install, you can
-Line 214 
 NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre>
+Line 227 
 NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>
- <p>If you installed NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2, then try the following to start
+ <p>If you installed NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2, or 4.0_BETA, then try the
- with a framebuffer:<pre>
+ following to start with a framebuffer:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -X -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>
  and log in as <tt>root</tt> and type <tt>startx</tt> to start X windows.
-Line 232 
 and log in as <tt>root</tt> and type <tt
+Line 245 
 and log in as <tt>root</tt> and type <tt
  <h3>NetBSD/arc:</h3>
  It is possible to install and run an old version of <a
- href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/arc/">NetBSD/arc</a>
+ href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/arc/">NetBSD/arc</a>
  on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the emulator.
  <p>
-Line 247 
 harddisk image, follow these instruction
+Line 260 
 harddisk image, follow these instruction
  <ol start="1">
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=900000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Download a NetBSD/arc 1.6.2 CDROM image, and a generic NetBSD/arc
-Line 257 
 harddisk image, follow these instruction
+Line 270 
 harddisk image, follow these instruction
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img -d bc:arccd.iso \
+         <b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img -d b:arccd.iso -j arc/binary/kernel/netbsd.RAMDISK.gz</b>
-           -j arc/binary/kernel/netbsd.RAMDISK.gz</b>
  </pre>
          (Try removing <tt>-x</tt> if you have problems with the xterm.)
-Line 304 
 image, using the following command:<pre>
+Line 316 
 image, using the following command:<pre>
  <h3>NetBSD/hpcmips:</h3>
  It is possible to install <a
- href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/hpcmips/">NetBSD/hpcmips</a> onto a disk
+ href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/hpcmips/">NetBSD/hpcmips</a> onto a disk
- image, on an an emulated MobilePro 770, 780, 800, or 880. The emulator
+ image, on an an emulated MobilePro 770 or 800. (MobilePro 780 and 880 might
- treats the different machine models as being almost identical; the most
+ work too, but I don't test those for every release of the emulator. They
- important difference is regarding the framebuffer.
+ have unaligned framebuffers, and run a bit slower.)
- <p><table border="0">
-         <tr>
-                 <td width="80">&nbsp;</td>
-                 <td><u>Model:</u></td>
-                 <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
-                 <td><u>Framebuffer size/depth:</u></td>
-                 <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
-                 <td><u>Framebuffer address:</u></td>
-         </tr>
-         <tr>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>MobilePro 770 (<super>*2</super>)</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>640 x 240, 16 bits</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>0xa000000</td>
-         </tr>
-         <tr>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>MobilePro 780</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>640 x 240, 16 bits</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>0xa180100 (<super>*</super>)</td>
-         </tr>
-         <tr>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>MobilePro 800</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>800 x 600, 16 bits</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>0xa000000</td>
-         </tr>
-         <tr>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>MobilePro 880</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>800 x 600, 16 bits</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>0xa0ea600 (<super>*</super>)</td>
-         </tr>
- </table>
- <p>
- (<super>*</super>) = not aligned at a page boundary, so it will not work
- efficiently with the current dyntrans system. Using this mode will still
- work, but each load and store will be emulated much more slowly than is
- possible with an aligned framebuffer.
- <p>
- (<super>*2</super>) = The MobilePro 770's cursor keys work differently
- than the other models, for some reason. (This is a known bug.)
  <p>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-Line 376 
 NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro
+Line 335 
 NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro
  <ol start="1">
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that you will install NetBSD/hpcmips onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the NetBSD/hpcmips 3.0 ISO image, and a generic kernel:<pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/hpcmips 3.1 ISO image, and a generic kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/hpcmipscd-3.0.iso">hpcmipscd-3.0.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/hpcmipscd-3.1.iso">hpcmipscd-3.1.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img  \
+         <b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img -d b:hpcmipscd-3.1.iso -j hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz</b>
-           -d b:hpcmipscd-3.0.iso -j hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
-Line 403 
 Use the following command line to boot t
+Line 360 
 Use the following command line to boot t
  </pre>
- <p>If you change your mind at this point regarding which machine type to
- emulate, you might for example prefer a MobilePro 800, then you can change
- that at any time. NetBSD/hpcmips is designed to be able to boot on many
- types, without any need to change the kernel.
  <p>When you have logged in as <tt>root</tt>, you can use <tt>startx</tt> to
  start X Windows, but there is no mouse support yet so only keyboard input
  is available. This makes it a bit akward to use X.
-Line 423 
 is available. This makes it a bit akward
+Line 375 
 is available. This makes it a bit akward
  <a name="netbsdcobaltinstall"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/cobalt:</h3>
- <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/cobalt/">NetBSD/cobalt</a> is tricky
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/cobalt/">NetBSD/cobalt</a> is tricky
  to install, because the Cobalt machines were designed for Linux, and not
  very flexible. There is no traditional INSTALL kernel for NetBSD/cobalt.
  One way to install the NetBSD/cobalt distribution onto a disk image is to
-Line 431 
 do it from another (emulated) machine.
+Line 383 
 do it from another (emulated) machine.
  <p>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <a href="20050413-netbsd-cobalt.png"><img src="20050413-netbsd-cobalt_small.png"></a>
+ <a href="20060812-netbsd-cobalt-3.0.1.png"><img src="20060812-netbsd-cobalt-3.0.1_small.png"></a>
  <p>
  The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/cobalt onto a disk
-Line 439 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 391 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
  <p>
  <ol>
+   <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
          that you will install NetBSD/cobalt onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cobalt.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cobalt.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre>
+   <li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/cobaltcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/cobaltcd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/cobaltcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/cobaltcd-3.1.iso</a>
  </pre>
-   <p>
+   <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
-   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 according to instructions
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_cobalt.img -d cobaltcd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
-         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">further up on this page</a>.
-   <p>
-   <li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d cobaltcd.iso -d nbsd_cobalt.img</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Log in as root (on the emulated 3MAX machine), and execute the
+   <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
-         following commands: (adjust according to taste)
+ to simulate a CTRL-C sent to NetBSD/pmax. Then execute the following commands:
  <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
- <b>newfs /dev/sd1c
+ <b>newfs /dev/sd0c
  mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
- mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2
+ mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd0c /mnt2
  cd /mnt2; sh
- for a in /mnt/cobalt/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcekmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
  exit
  cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
- echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; rc.conf
+ echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
  echo "/dev/wd0d / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
  cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
-Line 475 
 cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b
+Line 427 
 cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b
  <p>
  You should now be able to boot NetBSD/cobalt like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -M128 -E cobalt -d nbsd_cobalt.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -E cobalt -d nbsd_cobalt.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
  </pre>
  Note that the installation instructions above create a filesystem
-Line 498 
 generic kernel:<pre>
+Line 450 
 generic kernel:<pre>
  <a name="netbsdevbmipsinstall"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/evbmips:</h3>
- <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/evbmips/">NetBSD/evbmips</a> can run
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/evbmips/">NetBSD/evbmips</a> can run
  in GXemul on an emulated Malta evaluation board, with a 5Kc (MIPS64) or
 Kc (MIPS32) processor. 5Kc is the default.
- <p>
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20060812-netbsd-malta-3.0.1.png"><img src="20060812-netbsd-malta-3.0.1_small.png"></a>
- <a href="20050622-netbsd-evbmips-malta.png"><img src="20050622-netbsd-evbmips-malta_small.png"></a>
- <p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL
+ <p>One way to install the NetBSD/evbmips distribution onto a disk
- kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/evbmips distribution onto a disk
  image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
  <p>
-Line 516 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 466 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
  <p>
  <ol>
-   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 according to instructions
+   <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">further up on this page</a>.
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+ </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
          that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_malta.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_malta.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the generic kernel and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre>
+   <li>Download the Malta kernel and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbmips-mipselcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbmips-mipselcd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/evbmips-mipselcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/evbmips-mipselcd-3.1.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
-   <li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre>
+   <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d nbsd_malta.img -d evbmips-mipselcd.iso</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_malta.img -d evbmips-mipselcd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
- </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
+ </pre>
+   <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
+ to simulate a CTRL-C sent to NetBSD/pmax. Then execute the following commands:
  <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
- <b>newfs /dev/sd1c
+ <b>newfs /dev/sd0c
  mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
- mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2
+ mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd0c /mnt2
  cd /mnt2; sh
- for a in /mnt/evbmips-mipsel/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcemt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
  exit
  cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
  echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
-Line 549 
 cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b
+Line 502 
 cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b
  </ol>
  <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbmips using this command:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e malta -d nbsd_malta.img netbsd-MALTA.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -x -e malta -d nbsd_malta.img netbsd-MALTA.gz</b>
  </pre>
  <p>NOTE: To select a 4Kc (MIPS32) CPU instead of the default 5Kc
  (MIPS64) CPU, add <tt><b>-C 4Kc</b></tt> to the command line. With NetBSD
 .1, however, there will be little or no difference in functionality, as
  NetBSD still runs in 32-bit mode on 64-bit MIPS CPUs. There are two things
  that differ:<ol>
    <li>The dynamic translation core runs faster when emulating 32-bit
-Line 568 
 that differ:<ol>
+Line 521 
 that differ:<ol>
  swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the
  generic kernel:<pre>
          root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b>
-         dump device (default wd0b): <b>none</b>
+         dump device (default wd0b):             <i>(just press enter)</i>
-         file system (default generic): <b>ffs</b>
+         file system (default generic):          <i>(just press enter)</i>
-         init path (default /sbin/init):     <i>(just press enter here)</i>
+         init path (default /sbin/init):         <i>(just press enter)</i>
  </pre>
-Line 579 
 generic kernel:<pre>
+Line 532 
 generic kernel:<pre>
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdalgorinstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/algor:</h3>
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/algor/">NetBSD/algor</a> can
+ run in GXemul on an emulated Algorithmics P5064 evaluation board.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20060814-netbsd-algor-3.0.1.png"><img src="20060814-netbsd-algor-3.0.1_small.png"></a>
+ <p>One way to install the NetBSD/algor distribution onto a disk
+ image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
+ <p>The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/algor onto a disk
+ image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
+         that you will install NetBSD/algor onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_algor.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the P5064 Algor kernel and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/algor/binary/kernel/netbsd-P5064.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/algor/binary/kernel/netbsd-P5064.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/algorcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/algorcd-3.1.iso</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_algor.img -d algorcd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
+ to simulate a CTRL-C sent to NetBSD/pmax. Then execute the following commands:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>newfs /dev/sd0c
+ mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
+ mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd0c /mnt2
+ cd /mnt2; sh
+ for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcekmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ exit
+ cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
+ echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
+ echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+ </ol>
+ <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/algor using this command:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -e p5064 -d nbsd_algor.img netbsd-P5064.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>The installation instructions above create a filesystem
+ <i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no
+ swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the
+ generic kernel:<pre>
+         root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b>
+         dump device (default wd0b):             <i>(just press enter)</i>
+         file system (default generic):          <i>(just press enter)</i>
+         init path (default /sbin/init):         <i>(just press enter)</i>
+ </pre>
  <p><br>
  <a name="netbsdsgimips"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/sgimips:</h3>
-Line 587 
 generic kernel:<pre>
+Line 625 
 generic kernel:<pre>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a href="20060623-netbsd-sgimips-3.0.png"><img src="20060623-netbsd-sgimips-3.0_small.png"></a>
- <p><a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/sgimips/">NetBSD/sgimips</a> can run
+ <p><a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/sgimips/">NetBSD/sgimips</a> can run
  in GXemul on an emulated O2 (SGI-IP32). However, GXemul does not yet
  emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in the O2. (I have mailed Adaptec
  several times, asking for documentation, but never received any reply.)
-Line 595 
 NetBSD can still run in the emulator, as
+Line 633 
 NetBSD can still run in the emulator, as
  <p>For a simple test with the ramdisk/install kernel, try
  dowloading<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
  </pre>and run&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><tt>gxemul -x -e o2 netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</tt></b>.
-Line 607 
 time consuming, but necessary:
+Line 645 
 time consuming, but necessary:
  <ol>
    <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
          This needs to have a 750 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
-         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 from CDROM</a>.
+         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.1 from CDROM</a>.
          (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
    <p>
    <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
-Line 615 
 time consuming, but necessary:
+Line 653 
 time consuming, but necessary:
          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>and enter the following commands as <tt>root</tt>
          inside the emulator:
- <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
  <b>echo hostname=server &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
  echo ifconfig_le0=\"inet 10.0.0.2\" &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
  echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /etc/resolv.conf
-Line 640 
 client:\
+Line 678 
 client:\
  echo 10.0.0.1 client &gt; /etc/hosts
  reboot</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
-   <li>Start the DECstation emulation again, and download the
+   <p>
-         NetBSD/sgimips distribution sets:<br>(NOTE: This
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/sgimips CD-ROM iso image, and the
-         takes quite some time, even if you have a fast network connection.)
+         GENERIC and INSTALL kernels:<pre>
- <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/sgimipscd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/sgimipscd-3.1.iso</a>
- <b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.netbsd.org</b>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz</a>
- (log in as anonymous...)
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
- <b>cd /pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/sets
- mget base.tgz comp.tgz etc.tgz games.tgz man.tgz misc.tgz text.tgz
+ </pre>
- quit
+   <li>Start the DECstation emulation again:<pre>
- sh
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d sgimipscd-3.1.iso</b>
- for a in *.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; rm -f $a; done
+ </pre>and extract the files from the sgimips CD-ROM image to the
+         DECstation disk image:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>cd /tftpboot; mount /dev/cd0a /mnt
+ for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcegmt]*; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
  echo 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot / nfs rw 0 0 &gt; /tftpboot/etc/fstab
  echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
- dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32768
+ echo 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/mygate
- halt</b>
+ echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/resolv.conf
+ echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
+ dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=65536
+ cd /; umount /mnt; halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
-   <li>Download the NetBSD/sgimips GENERIC and INSTALL kernels:<pre>
+   <p>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
- </pre>
    <li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>:
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
  <font color="#2020cf">!  Configuration file for running NetBSD/sgimips diskless with
  !  a NetBSD/pmax machine as the nfs server.</font>
- <b>    net(
+ <b>net(
          add_remote("localhost:12444")   </b>! the server<b>
          local_port(12445)               </b>! the client<b>
-     )
+ )
-     machine(
+ machine(
          name("client machine")
          serial_nr(1)
-Line 680 
 halt</b>
+Line 722 
 halt</b>
          load("netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz")</b>
          ! load("netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz")<b>
-     )
+ )
  </b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
          ... and another configuration file for the server,
          <tt>config_server</tt>:
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
- <b>    net(
+ <b>net(
          local_port(12444)               </b>! the server<b>
          add_remote("localhost:12445")   </b>! the client<b>
-     )
+ )
-     machine(
+ machine(
          name("nfs server")
          serial_nr(2)
-Line 699 
 halt</b>
+Line 741 
 halt</b>
          subtype("5000/200")
          disk("nbsd_pmax.img")
-     )
+ )
  </b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
    <li>Boot the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" and the NetBSD/sgimips
-Line 766 
 to IPv4.
+Line 808 
 to IPv4.
  <h3>NetBSD/cats:</h3>
  It is possible to install and run
- <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/cats/">NetBSD/cats</a> in GXemul.
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/cats/">NetBSD/cats</a> in GXemul.
  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a href="20051007-netbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-netbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a>
-Line 778 
 To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image
+Line 820 
 To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image
  <ol start="1">
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that you will install NetBSD/cats onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the NetBSD/cats 3.0 ISO image and the generic and install kernels:<pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/cats 3.1 ISO image and the generic and install kernels:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/catscd-3.0.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/catscd-3.0.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/catscd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/catscd-3.1.iso</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d catscd-3.0.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d catscd-3.1.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
-Line 797 
 To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image
+Line 839 
 To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image
  </ol>
  <p>Alternatively, to install from FTP, you can skip downloading the ISO,
- and start the install without <tt>-d catscd-3.0.iso</tt>. Suitable network
+ and start the install without <tt>-d catscd-3.1.iso</tt>. Suitable network
  settings are IP 10.0.0.1, gateway/default route 10.0.0.254, netmask
 .0.0.0, nameserver 10.0.0.254.
-Line 817 
 Use the following command line to boot t
+Line 859 
 Use the following command line to boot t
  <a name="netbsdevbarminstall"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/evbarm:</h3>
- <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/evbarm/">NetBSD/evbarm</a> can
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/evbarm/">NetBSD/evbarm</a> can
  run in GXemul on an emulated IQ80321 evaluation board.
  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-Line 832 
 image, from an emulated CATS machine:
+Line 874 
 image, from an emulated CATS machine:
  <p>
  <ol>
-   <li>Install NetBSD/cats 3.0 according to instructions
+   <li>Download a NetBSD/cats 3.1 ramdisk kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">further up on this page</a>.
+         <b>wget <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a></b>
-   <p>
+ </pre>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
-         that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
+         that you will install NetBSD/evbarm onto:<pre>
          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_iq80321.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
  </pre>
-Line 846 
 image, from an emulated CATS machine:
+Line 889 
 image, from an emulated CATS machine:
  </pre>
    <p>
-   <li>The first step is to copy the .tgz files we want onto the CATS
+   <li>Now let's extract the files from the CD-ROM image onto the IQ80321's disk image. Start the
-         machine's harddisk. Start the CATS machine like this:<pre>
+         CATS machine using the following command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d evbarmcd.iso netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_iq80321.img -d evbarmcd.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
- </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
+ </pre>Exit from the installer, and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
  <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
- <b>mount /dev/cd0a /mnt; cd /root; cp /mnt/evbarm/binary/sets/[bcegmt]* .
- sync; halt</b>
- </pre></td></tr></table>
-   <p>
-   <li>Now let's extract the files onto the IQ80321's disk image. Start the
-         CATS machine again, with the following command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b>
- </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
+ <b>disklabel -I -i wd0</b>
- <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
- <b>disklabel -I -i wd1</b>
      (enter suitable commands, e.g. <i>a, 4.2BSD, 1c, 750M, b,
       swap, a, 200M, P, W, y, Q</i>)
- <b>newfs /dev/wd1a; mount /dev/wd1a /mnt; cd /mnt; sh
+ <b>newfs /dev/wd0a; mount /dev/wd0a /mnt2; cd /mnt2
- for a in /root/[bcegmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ mount /dev/cd0a /mnt; sh
+ for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcegmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
  exit
  cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
  echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; rc.conf
  echo "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1" &gt; fstab
  echo "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0" &gt;&gt; fstab
- cd /; umount /mnt; sync; halt</b>
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; sync; halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
  </ol>
  <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbarm using this command:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -xEiq80321 -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -x -E iq80321 -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdnetwinderinstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/netwinder:</h3>
+ It is possible to run <a
+ href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/netwinder/">NetBSD/netwinder</a>
+ in GXemul.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20060724-netbsd-netwinder-1.png"><img src="20060724-netbsd-netwinder-1_small.png"></a>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="20060724-netbsd-netwinder-2.png"><img src="20060724-netbsd-netwinder-2_small.png"></a>
+ <p>There is no INSTALL ramdisk kernel, so one way to install the
+ NetBSD/netwinder distribution onto a disk image is to install the files
+ using another (emulated) machine. The following instructions will let you
+ install the NetBSD/netwinder distribution onto a disk image, from an
+ emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
+         that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_netwinder.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the generic kernel and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/netwindercd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/netwindercd-3.1.iso</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_netwinder.img -d netwindercd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
+ to simulate a CTRL-C sent to NetBSD/pmax. Then execute the following commands:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>newfs /dev/sd0c
+ mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
+ mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd0c /mnt2
+ cd /mnt2; sh
+ for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ exit
+ cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
+ echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
+ echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+ </ol>
+ <p>NetBSD/netwinder is now installed on the disk image. The following command
+ line can be used to start NetBSD/netwinder:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -X -E netwinder -d nbsd_netwinder.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>This will result in a 1024x768 framebuffer. Add <tt>-Y2</tt> to the
+ command line if you want to scale it down to 512x384.
+ <p>Note: The installation instructions above create a filesystem
+ <i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no
+ swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the
+ generic kernel:<pre>
+         root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b>
+         dump device (default wd0b): <i>(just press enter)</i>
+         file system (default generic):    <i>(just press enter)</i>
+         init path (default /sbin/init):   <i>(just press enter)</i>
  </pre>
+ <p>Known bugs/problems:
+ <ul>
+         <li>There is a long delay when starting up NetBSD/netwinder
+                 (several seconds even on a very fast host machine),
+                 so you need to be patient.
+         <li>There is a minor bug in the keyboard device, so you need to
+                 press a key (any key) before typing wd0c.
+         <li>When halting/rebooting NetBSD/netwinder, the emulator
+                 prints a message saying something about an internal
+                 error. This doesn't matter; ignore the message.
+ </ul>
-Line 889 
 cd /; umount /mnt; sync; halt</b>
+Line 1024 
 cd /; umount /mnt; sync; halt</b>
  <a name="netbsdprepinstall"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/prep:</h3>
- It is possible to install and run
+ It is possible to install and run <a
- <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/prep/">NetBSD/prep</a> 2.1 in GXemul
+ href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/prep/">NetBSD/prep</a> 2.1 in GXemul on
- on an emulated IBM 6050 (PowerPC) machine. (NetBSD 3.0 uses the wdc
+ an emulated IBM 6050 (PowerPC) machine. (Newer versions of NetBSD/prep use
- controller in a way which isn't implemented in GXemul yet.)
+ the wdc controller in a way which isn't implemented in GXemul yet, or
+ there are bugs in GXemul's PowerPC CPU emulation.)
  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a href="20051123-netbsd-prep.png"><img src="20051123-netbsd-prep_small.png"></a>
-Line 913 
 controller in a way which isn't implemen
+Line 1049 
 controller in a way which isn't implemen
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
-     <b>gxemul -x -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img -d rdb:prepcd.iso -j prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+     <b>gxemul -X -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img -d rdb:prepcd.iso -j prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
  </pre>
    <p>
-Line 966 
 controller in a way which isn't implemen
+Line 1102 
 controller in a way which isn't implemen
  <p>If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image.
  Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -x -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -X -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
  </pre>
-Line 979 
 system type, and init path.
+Line 1115 
 system type, and init path.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdmacppcinstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/macppc:</h3>
+ It is possible to install and run <a
+ href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/macppc/">NetBSD/macppc</a> in GXemul on
+ an emulated generic PowerPC machine. No specific Machintosh model is
+ emulated, but it is enough to for NetBSD to recognize it.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20070318-netbsd-macppc.png"><img src="20070318-netbsd-macppc_small.png"></a>
+ <p>To install NetBSD/macppc onto a disk image, follow these instructions:
+ <p>
+ <ol start="1">
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that you will install NetBSD/macppc onto:<pre>
+     <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_macppc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/macppc 3.1 ISO image and a generic kernel:<pre>
+     <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/macppccd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/macppccd-3.1.iso</a>
+     <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/macppc/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/macppc/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
+     <b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img -d b:macppccd-3.1.iso -j macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+         and continue as you would do when installing NetBSD on a real
+         machine.
+   <p>
+   <li>Before turning the emulated machine off, quit the NetBSD installer
+         and execute the following commands:<pre>
+         <b>cd /; mount /dev/wd0a /mnt
+         echo 'console "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" vt100 on secure' > /mnt/etc/ttys
+         echo 'rc_configured=YES' >> /mnt/etc/rc.conf
+         umount /mnt; sync
+         reboot</b>
+ </pre>
+ </ol>
+ <p>If everything worked, NetBSD/macppc should now be installed on
+ the disk image.
+ <p>Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>If asked about <tt>root device</tt>, enter <tt><b>wd0</b></tt>.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdpmppc"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/pmppc:</h3>
+ <p><a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/pmppc/">NetBSD/pmppc</a> can
+ run in GXemul on an emulated Artesyn PM/PPC board. Currently, no SCSI or other
+ disk controller is emulated for this machine type, but it is possible to run
+ NetBSD with root-on-nfs.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20070616-netbsd-pmppc-diskless.png"><img src="20070616-netbsd-pmppc-diskless_small.png"></a>
+ <p>These setup steps will let you run NetBSD/pmppc with root-on-nfs:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
+         This needs to have a 750 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
+         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.1 from CDROM</a>.
+         (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
+   <p>
+   <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
+         Start up the emulated DECstation:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
+ </pre>and enter the following commands as <tt>root</tt>
+         inside the emulator:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>echo hostname=server &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
+ echo ifconfig_le0=\"inet 10.0.0.2\" &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
+ echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /etc/resolv.conf
+ echo 10.0.0.254 &gt; /etc/mygate
+ echo /tftpboot -maproot=root 10.0.0.1 &gt; /etc/exports
+ echo rpcbind=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
+ echo nfs_server=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
+ echo mountd=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
+ echo bootparamd=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
+ printf "client root=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot \\\n swap=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot/swap\n" &gt; /etc/bootparams
+ echo "bootps dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/bootpd bootpd -d 4 -h 10.0.0.2" &gt;&gt; /etc/inetd.conf
+ cat &gt;&gt; /etc/bootptab
+ client:\
+         :ht=ether:\
+         :ha=102030000010:\
+         :sm=255.0.0.0:\
+         :lg=10.0.0.254:\
+         :ip=10.0.0.1:\
+         :rp=/tftpboot:
+ </b>(press CTRL-D)
+ <b>echo "10:20:30:00:00:10 client" &gt; /etc/ethers
+ echo 10.0.0.1 client &gt; /etc/hosts
+ reboot</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+   <p>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/pmppc CD-ROM iso image, and the GENERIC kernel:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/pmppccd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/pmppccd-3.1.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-PMPPC.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-PMPPC.gz</a>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Start the DECstation emulation again:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d pmppccd-3.1.iso</b>
+ </pre>and extract the files from the PM/PPC CD-ROM image to the
+         DECstation disk image:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>cd /tftpboot; mount /dev/cd0a /mnt
+ for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcemt]*; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ echo 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot / nfs rw 0 0 &gt; /tftpboot/etc/fstab
+ echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
+ echo 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/mygate
+ echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/resolv.conf
+ echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
+ dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=65536
+ cd /tftpboot/dev; sh MAKEDEV all
+ cd /; umount /mnt; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+   <p>
+   <li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>:
+ <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <font color="#2020cf">!  Configuration file for running NetBSD/pmppc diskless with
+ !  a NetBSD/pmax machine as the nfs server.</font>
+ <b>net(
+         add_remote("localhost:12444")   </b>! the server<b>
+         local_port(12445)               </b>! the client<b>
+ )
+ machine(
+         name("client machine")
+         serial_nr(1)
+         type("pmppc")
+         load("netbsd-PMPPC.gz")</b>
+ )
+ </b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+         ... and another configuration file for the server,
+         <tt>config_server</tt>:
+ <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>net(
+         local_port(12444)               </b>! the server<b>
+         add_remote("localhost:12445")   </b>! the client<b>
+ )
+ machine(
+         name("nfs server")
+         serial_nr(2)
+         type("dec")
+         subtype("5000/200")
+         disk("nbsd_pmax.img")
+ )
+ </b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+ </ol>
+ <p>It should now be possible to boot NetBSD/pmppc using the NetBSD/pmax
+ nfs server, using the following commands: (NOTE! Execute these two
+ commands in separate xterms!)<pre>
+         <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
+         <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>You might want to log in as <tt>root</tt> on the server machine, and
+ run <tt>tcpdump -lnvv</tt> or similar, to see that what the client machine
+ actually does on the network.
+ <p>When asked for "<tt>root device:</tt>" etc. on the client machine, enter
+ the following values:<pre>
+         root device: <b>tlp0</b>
+         dump device:                            <b>(leave blank)</b>
+         file system (default generic):          <b>(leave blank)</b>
+         ..
+         init path (default /sbin/init):         <b>(leave blank)</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsddreamcast"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/dreamcast:</h3>
+ Moved <a href="dreamcast.html#netbsd_generic_md">here</a>.
  <p><br>
  <a name="openbsdpmaxinstall"></a>
  <h3>OpenBSD/pmax:</h3>
-Line 1052 
 chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b>           &lt;--- ma
+Line 1417 
 chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b>           &lt;--- ma
            <li>At the # prompt, do the following:<pre>
          <b>fsck /dev/rz1a</b>        (and mark the filesystem as clean)
          <b>mount /dev/rz1a /</b>
+         <b>mkdir /kern</b>
+         <b>mkdir /mnt2</b>
          <b>mount -t kernfs kern kern</b>
          <b>./install</b>
-Line 1129 
 enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are u
+Line 1496 
 enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are u
  It is possible to install and run
  <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html">OpenBSD/cats</a>
- in GXemul.
+ in GXemul. Unfortunately, "The OpenBSD/cats port has been discontinued
+ after the 4.0 release." according to
+ <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html">http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html</a>,
+ but 4.0 should run fine.
  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a href="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a>
-Line 1145 
 follow these instructions:
+Line 1515 
 follow these instructions:
  </pre>
    <li>Download the entire cats directory from the ftp server:<pre>
-         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/">ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/</a></b>
+         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/</a></b>
-         <b>cp ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/bsd .</b>
+         <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/bsd .</b>
-         <b>cp ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/bsd.rd .</b>
+         <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/bsd.rd .</b>
  </pre>
-         (Replace ftp.openbsd.org with a server closer to you, for
+         (Replace ftp.se.openbsd.org with a server closer to you, for
          increased download speed.)
    <p>
    <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
          (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
          already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
          to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
-         <b>mkisofs -allow-lowercase -o openbsd_cats_3.9.iso ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
+         <b>mkisofs -allow-lowercase -o openbsd_cats_4.0.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
-         <b>rm -rf ftp.openbsd.org</b>      <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i>
+         <b>rm -rf ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>      <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img -d openbsd_cats_3.9.iso bsd.rd</b>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img -d openbsd_cats_4.0.iso bsd.rd</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
-Line 1194 
 boot from the harddisk image:
+Line 1564 
 boot from the harddisk image:
  <p><br>
+ <a name="openbsdlandiskinstall"></a>
+ <h3>OpenBSD/landisk:</h3>
+ It is possible to install and run
+ <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/landisk.html">OpenBSD/landisk</a>
+ in GXemul.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20070419-openbsd-landisk.png"><img src="20070419-openbsd-landisk_small.png"></a>
+ <p>To install OpenBSD/landisk onto an emulated harddisk image,
+ follow these instructions:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_landisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the entire landisk directory from the ftp server:<pre>
+         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/</a></b>
+         <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/bsd .</b>
+         <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/bsd.rd .</b>
+ </pre>
+         (Replace ftp.se.openbsd.org with a server closer to you, for
+         increased download speed.)
+   <p>
+   <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
+         (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
+         already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
+         to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
+         <b>mkisofs -U -o openbsd_landisk_4.1.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
+         <b>rm -rf ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>      <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -E landisk -d obsd_landisk.img -d d:openbsd_landisk_4.1.iso bsd.rd</b>
+ </pre>
+         and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
+         on a real landisk. The following hints are useful to get you
+         through the installation:
+         <ul>
+           <li>Terminal type = <b>xterm</b>
+           <li>root disk = <b>wd0</b> (the disk to install onto)
+           <li>Use the entire disk for OpenBSD = <b>yes</b>
+           <li>Create one big root partition (a) and a small swap partition (b). c is the entire disk.
+           <li>Do <b>not</b> configure the network. (The Realtek NIC
+                 found in the Landisk machine is not implemented yet
+                 in the emulator.)
+           <li>Location of sets = <b>disk</b>
+           <li>Is the disk partition already mounted = <b>no</b>
+           <li>Disk containing the install media = <b>wd1</b>
+           <li>Pathname to the sets = <b>4.1/landisk</b>
+         </ul>
+ </ol>
+ <p>Once the install has finished, the following command should let you
+ boot from the disk image:
+ <p><pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -E landisk -d obsd_landisk.img bsd</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>As with most emulation modes in GXemul, the NIC in this machine is
+ not emulated yet. If you want to transfer files to/from the emulated
+ landisk machine, see
+ <a href="misc.html#filexfer">this chapter</a> in the documentation.
+ <p><br>
  <a name="ultrixinstall"></a>
  <h3>Ultrix/RISC:</h3>
  Ultrix 4.x can run in GXemul on an emulated DECstation 5000/200.
- (Ultrix was the native OS for these machines, but NetBSD/pmax is
+ (Ultrix was the native OS for these machines, but
- also usable.)
+ <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">NetBSD/pmax</a> is also usable.)
  <p>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-Line 1244 
 timer related bug, which makes it imposs
+Line 1693 
 timer related bug, which makes it imposs
  triggered when the emulation goes faster than any real DECstation machine
  was capable of running. A temporary workaround is to add
  <b><tt>-I33000000</tt></b> to fix the emulated clock speed to 33 million
- instructions per emulated second. (When using <tt><b>-CR4400</b></tt>,
+ instructions per emulated second.
- <b><tt>-I16000000</tt></b> should be used instead.)
- <p>
+ <p>If the workaround above doesn't work, you can also start up other
- You can experiment with adding <b><tt>-Z2</tt></b> (for emulating a
+ processes on the host, apart from the emulator, so that the emulator runs
+ more slowly. This is an ugly workaround, but seems to work. Once you have
+ logged in into Ultrix, you can kill the extra processes.
+ <p>You can experiment with adding <b><tt>-Z2</tt></b> (for emulating a
  dual-headed workstation) or even <b><tt>-Z3</tt></b> (tripple-headed), and
  also the <b><tt>-Y2</tt></b> option for scaling down the framebuffer
  windows by a factor 2x2.
-Line 1260 
 tripple-headed workstation, on three dif
+Line 1712 
 tripple-headed workstation, on three dif
              -XZ3 -z remote1:0.0 -z localhost:0.0 -z remote2:0.0</b>
  </pre>
- <p>
+ <p>The photo below shows a single Ultrix session running tripple-headed in
- The photo below shows a single Ultrix session running tripple-headed in
  GXemul on an Alpha 21164PC, with displays on a Sun Ultra1 (to the left),
  on the Alpha itself (in the middle), and on an HP700/RX X-terminal (8-bit
  color depth, running off the Alpha) to the right.
- <p>
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a href="20041209-ultrix-tripplehead.jpg"><img src="20041209-ultrix-tripplehead_small.jpg"></a>
- <p>
+ <p>The X11 displays may differ in bit depth and endianness. Unfortunately,
- The X11 displays may differ in bit depth and endianness. Unfortunately,
  there is no way yet to set the scaledown factor on a per-window basis, so
  the scaledown factor affects all windows.
- <p>
+ <p>(If you didn't use <tt><b>-Z<i>n</i></b></tt> during the installation, and
- (If you didn't use <tt><b>-Z<i>n</i></b></tt> during the installation, and
  compiled your own <tt>/vmunix</tt>, then it will not contain support for
  multiple graphics cards. To overcome this problem, use the generic kernel,
  <tt><b>-j genvmunix</b></tt>, whenever you are running the emulator with a
  different setup than the one you used when Ultrix was installed.)
- <p>
+ <p>A note for the historically interested: OSF/1 for MIPS was quite similar
- A note for the historically interested: OSF/1 for MIPS was quite similar
  to Ultrix, so that is possible to run as well.  If you are unsuccessful
  in installing Ultrix or OSF/1 directly in the emulator, you can always
  install it on your real machine onto a real SCSI disk, and then copy the
-Line 1364 
 start the X11 environment.
+Line 1811 
 start the X11 environment.
  <h3>Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation:</h3>
  It is possible to run Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation in the emulator,
- on an emulated 5000/200 ("3max"). Although the Debian project has released
+ on an emulated 5000/200 ("3max"). However, just choosing any
- install ramdisk kernels for this purpose, these do not always work:
+ Linux/DECstation kernel at random for the installation will not work.
- <ul>
-   <li>Serial console output doesn't work too well in GXemul. Linux
+ <p><ul>
-         oopses randomly, which may be due to bugs in GXemul, but may
+   <li>Linux 2.4/DECstation DZ serial console output doesn't work too well in
-         also be due to bugs in the serial controller code in Linux.
+         GXemul. Linux oopses randomly, which may be due to bugs in GXemul,
+         but may also be due to bugs in the serial controller code in Linux.
          (The speed at which serial interrupts are generated can be
          lowered with the <tt>-U</tt> command line option, but it only
          reduces the risk, it doesn't take away the oopses completely.)
-   <li>Old install kernels supported the graphical framebuffer on the
+   <li>The Linux 2.6/DECstation DZ serial console driver doesn't work at
-max, but not the keyboard.
+         all in the emulator, and I'm not really sure it would work on a
-   <li>For quite some time, the MIPS linux cvs tree had support for the
+         real 5000/200 either. Hopefully this will be fixed in Linux in
-         keyboard, but it did <i>not</i> include Debian's patches for
+         the future.
-         networking. (Perhaps this has been fixed now, I don't know.)
+   <li>To get around the serial console problem, the obvious solution is to
+         use a graphical framebuffer instead. Old Debian install kernels
+         supported the graphical framebuffer on the 3max, but not the
+         keyboard. (This has been fixed now, it seems.)
+   <li>For quite some time, the MIPS linux cvs tree has had support for the
+         framebuffer and keyboard, but it did not include Debian's
+         patches for networking, which made it unusable for network
+         installs. (Possibly fixed now.)
+   <li>The kernel has to be for 5000/200. This rules out using
+         the default kernel on netinst ISO images provided by Debian.
+         These ISO images boot directly into a kernel which is meant
+         for a different DECstation model.
+   <li>The kernel has to have an initrd which more or less matches the
+         version of Debian that will be installed.
  </ul>
- <p>David Muse has made available a precompiled install kernel which
+ <p>Luckily, a precompiled install kernel has been made available by David
- has support for framebuffer, keyboard, and networking, which works
+ Muse, for Debian for R3000 DECstations, which has support for framebuffer,
- pretty well. Thanks David. :-)
+ keyboard, and networking, which works pretty well. Thanks David. :-)
- <p>
+ <p>The following steps should let you install Debian GNU/Linux for
- The following steps should let you install Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation
+ DECstation onto a harddisk image in the emulator:
- onto a harddisk image:
  <p>
  <ol>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that Debian installs itself onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3300000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=6000000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Download David Muse' install kernel, and a Debian Netinstall CD-ROM:<pre>
-Line 1400 
 onto a harddisk image:
+Line 1860 
 onto a harddisk image:
          <a href="http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/3.1_r0a/mipsel/iso-cd/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso">http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/3.1_r0a/mipsel/iso-cd/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso</a>
  </pre>
+         <font color="#ff0000"><b>NOTE 2007-04-14:</b></font> It seems that the ISO image
+         has been removed from the cdimage site. You may need to search
+         for it elsewhere. Alternatively, you can follow Michel Lespinasse's instructions at
+         <a href="http://people.zoy.org/~walken/gxemul-etch/HOWTO.html">http://people.zoy.org/~walken/gxemul-etch/HOWTO.html</a>.
+         <p><font color="#ff0000"><b>NOTE 2007-05-05:</b></font> John Reiser has been kind enough to
+         place a copy of debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso <a href="http://bitwagon.com/ftp/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso">here</a>.
    <p>
    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -X -e3max -d debian_pmax.img -d debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
-Line 1456 
 onto a harddisk image:
+Line 1923 
 onto a harddisk image:
          <p>The post-install step takes quite some time as well. A perfect opportunity
          for more coffee.
+         <p>When asked about whether the hardware clock is set to GMT or
+         not, answer Yes.
          <p>When asked about "Apt configuration", choose <b>http</b> as the method
          to use for accessing the Debian archive.
-Line 1483 
 Use this command to boot from the instal
+Line 1953 
 Use this command to boot from the instal
  <p><br>
- <a name="declinuxredhat"></a>
- <h3>Redhat Linux for DECstation:</h3>
- <p>
- &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <a href="20041129-redhat_mips.png"><img src="20041129-redhat_mips_small.png"></a>
- <p>
- The following steps should let you run Redhat Linux for DECstation in GXemul:
- <p>
- <ol>
-   <li>Download a kernel. David Muse' Debian-install kernel works fine:<pre>
-         <a href="http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31">http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31</a>
- </pre>
-   <li>Download a root filesystem tree:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/</a>
-          <a href="ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a>
-         19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414
- </pre>
-   <li>Create a disk image which will contain the Redhat filesystem:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=redhat_mips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
- </pre>
-   <li>This is the tricky part: on redhat_mips.img, you need to create an MS-DOS
-         (!) partition table, and then an ext2 partition. This is what Linux
-         will then see as /dev/sda1.
-         <p>I recommend you run fdisk and mke2fs and untar the archive from within
-         Debian/DECstation or <a href="#debiancats">Debian/CATS</a> running
-         inside the emulator. (Alternatively, if you are on a Linux host,
-         you could use a loopback mount, or similar. This might require
-         root access. See e.g.
-         <a href="http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux">http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux</a>.)
-         <p>
-         In order to actually boot the system you need to modify /etc/fstab.
-         Change<pre>
-         /dev/root               /               nfs     defaults        1 1
-         #/dev/sdc1              /               ext2    defaults        1 1
-         none                    /proc           proc    defaults        0 0
-         none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0
- </pre>to<pre>
-         #/dev/root              /               nfs     defaults        1 1
-         /dev/sda1               /               ext2    defaults        1 1
-         none                    /proc           proc    defaults        0 0
-         none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0
- </pre>(Note sda1 instead of sdc1.)
- </ol>
- <p>To boot Redhat linux from the disk image, use the following command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -X -e3max -o "root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat_mips.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
- </pre>
- If you need to boot into single user mode, change options to
- <tt><b>-o "root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh"</b></tt>.
- <p><br>
  <hr>
-Line 1583 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
+Line 1986 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
  <p>
  <ol>
-   <li>Compile gxemul with cache emulation: (<b>NOTE: --enable-caches</b>)<pre>
-         <b>./configure --enable-caches; make</b>
- </pre>
    <li>Download the pmax binary distribution for Mach 3.0:<pre>
          <a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/</a>
              <a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z</a>
-Line 1615 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
+Line 2014 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
          cd /; sync; umount /mnt</i>)
          <p>
    <li>Start the emulator with the following command:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -X -d disk.img \
+         <b>gxemul -c 'put w 0x800990e0, 0' -c 'put w 0x80099144, 0' \
+             -c 'put w 0x8004aae8, 0' -e 3max -X -d disk.img \
              pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b>
  </pre>
  </ol>
+ <p>Earlier versions of GXemul had a configure option to enable better
+ R3000 cache emulation, but since Mach was more or less the only thing that
+ used it, I removed it. Today's version of GXemul can thus not boot
+ mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY straight off, it has to be patched to skip the
+ cache detection.
+ <p>The -c commands above patch the kernel to get past the cache detection.
+ Thanks to Artur Bujdoso for these values.
+ <p>TODO: Better instructions on how to create the old-style UFS disk
+ image.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="declinuxredhat"></a>
+ <h3>Redhat Linux for DECstation:</h3>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20041129-redhat_mips.png"><img src="20041129-redhat_mips_small.png"></a>
+ <p>
+ The following steps should let you run Redhat Linux for DECstation in GXemul:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Download a kernel. David Muse' Debian-install kernel works fine:<pre>
+         <a href="http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31">http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31</a>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download a root filesystem tree:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a>
+         19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414
+ </pre>
+   <li>Create a disk image which will contain the Redhat filesystem:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=redhat_mips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
+ </pre>
+ <!--
+ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/stdout bs=1024 count=200 >> mipsel-root-20011216.tgz
+ gxemul -XY2 -e3max -d redhat_mips.img -d mipsel-root-20011216.tgz vmlinux-2.4.31
+ In the three dialogs, choose English, United States, and Continue.
+ Then choose Execute a shell.
+ tar xfvz /dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target1/lun0/disc sbin/mke2fs sbin/fdisk
+ fdisk
+ -->
+   <li>This is the tricky part: on redhat_mips.img, you need to create an MS-DOS
+         (!) partition table, and then an ext2 partition. This is what Linux
+         will then see as /dev/sda1.
+         <p>I recommend you run fdisk and mke2fs and untar the archive from within
+         Debian/DECstation or <a href="#debiancats">Debian/CATS</a> running
+         inside the emulator. (Alternatively, if you are on a Linux host,
+         you could use a loopback mount, or similar. This might require
+         root access. See e.g.
+         <a href="http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux">http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux</a>.)
+         <p>
+         In order to actually boot the system you need to modify /etc/fstab.
+         Change<pre>
+         /dev/root               /               nfs     defaults        1 1
+         #/dev/sdc1              /               ext2    defaults        1 1
+         none                    /proc           proc    defaults        0 0
+         none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0
+ </pre>to<pre>
+         #/dev/root              /               nfs     defaults        1 1
+         /dev/sda1               /               ext2    defaults        1 1
+         none                    /proc           proc    defaults        0 0
+         none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0
+ </pre>(Note sda1 instead of sdc1.)
+ </ol>
+ <p>To boot Redhat linux from the disk image, use the following command line:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -X -e3max -o "root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat_mips.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
+ </pre>
+ If you need to boot into single user mode, change options to
+ <tt><b>-o "root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh"</b></tt>.
-Line 1646 
 it works.</font>
+Line 2135 
 it works.</font>
  mailed Adaptec several times, asking for documentation, but never received
  any reply.) OpenBSD/sgi can still run in the emulator, as long as it doesn't
  use SCSI. For a simple test with the ramdisk (install) kernel, try dowloading<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd.rd">bsd.rd</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd.rd">bsd.rd</a>
  </pre>and run <b><tt>gxemul -xeo2 bsd.rd</tt></b>.
-Line 1659 
 client. Performing this setup is quite t
+Line 2148 
 client. Performing this setup is quite t
  <ol>
    <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
          This needs to have a 800 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
-         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 from CDROM</a>.
+         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.1 from CDROM</a>.
          (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
    <p>
    <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
-Line 1688 
 reboot</b>
+Line 2177 
 reboot</b>
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
  <b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>
  (log in as anonymous...)
- <b>cd pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi
+ <b>cd pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi
  mget b*tgz c*tgz e* g* m*
  quit
  sh
-Line 1699 
 dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32
+Line 2188 
 dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32
  halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
    <li>Download the OpenBSD/sgi GENERIC and RAMDISK kernels:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd.rd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd.rd</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd.rd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd.rd</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>:
-Line 1710 
 halt</b>
+Line 2199 
 halt</b>
  !
  !  This config file is for the client.</font>
- <b>    net(
+ <b>net(
          add_remote("localhost:12444")   </b>! the server<b>
          local_port(12445)               </b>! the client<b>
-     )
+ )
-     machine(
+ machine(
          name("client machine")
          serial_nr(1)
-Line 1724 
 halt</b>
+Line 2213 
 halt</b>
          </b>! load("bsd")<b>
          load("bsd.rd")
-     )
+ )
  </b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
          ... and another configuration file for the server,
          <tt>config_server</tt>:
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
- <b>    net(
+ <b>net(
          local_port(12444)               </b>! the server<b>
          add_remote("localhost:12445")   </b>! the client<b>
-     )
+ )
-     machine(
+ machine(
          name("nfs server")
          serial_nr(2)
-Line 1743 
 halt</b>
+Line 2232 
 halt</b>
          subtype("5000/200")
          disk("nbsd_pmax.img")
-     )
+ )
  </b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
    <li>Boot the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" and the OpenBSD/sgi
-Line 1939 
 fdisk and mke2fs, which are useful for c
+Line 2428 
 fdisk and mke2fs, which are useful for c
+ <!--
  <p><br>
- <a name="linux_qemu_mips"></a>
+ <a name="linux_malta"></a>
- <h3>Linux/QEMU_MIPS:</h3>
+ <h3>Linux/Malta:</h3>
- I've added a semi-bogus machine mode which tries to
+ <p>The Malta emulation mode is best suited for running <a
- mimic the MIPS machine mode used in Fabrice Bellard's
+ href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips</a>, however, it is possible
- <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/">QEMU</a>.
+ to experiment with Linux/Malta as well.
+ <p>The general idea behind Linux/Malta seems to be that the end user
+ always compiles his/her own kernel, applies patches, downloads
+ userland separately, etc. For that reason, Linux/Malta support in the
+ emulator is not tested for every release (sometimes it works, sometimes it
+ doesn't work), and these instructions are kind of "fuzzy".
- <p>Follow these steps to download and run the Linux/QEMU_MIPS test
+ <p><ol start="1">
- ramdisk kernel:
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that Linux/Malta will be installed onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=linux.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=5000000</b>
- <p><ol>
+ </pre>
-   <li>Download <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/mips-test-0.1.tar.gz">mips-test-0.1.tar.gz</a>
+   <li>Download a MIPS root filesystem tree:<pre>
-         from <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html</a>,
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a>
-         and extract its contents (<tt>tar zxvf mips-test-0.1.tar.gz</tt>).
+         19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414
+ </pre>
+         This is an old Redhat tree from 2001, but it seems to almost work.
    <p>
-   <li>Test it in GXemul using the following command line:<pre>
+   <li>Download one precompiled Malta kernel, with ramdisk,
-         <b>gxemul -E qemu_mips -o 'console=ttyS0 root=/dev/ram
+         and one without ramdisk (which will be used later on
-                 rd_start=0x80800000 rd_size=10000000 init=/bin/sh'
+         when booting from disk):<pre>
-x80800000:mips-test/initrd mips-test/vmlinux-r1</b>
+         TODO
+ </pre>
+   <li>Start the emulator with the ramdisk kernel, create a MS-DOS style
+         MBR on the disk, create the filesystem, and extract the
+         userland files:<pre>
+         <b>gunzip vmlinux_2.*
+         gunzip mipsel-root-20011216.tar
+         gxemul -xemalta -d linux.img -d mipsel-root-20011216.tar vmlinux_2.4.33.2-ide-pci-ramdisk.elf</b>
+         Inside GXemul: Log in as root and execute the following commands:
+         <b>fdisk /dev/hda</b>
+         (enter suitable commands, e.g. <b>n, p, 1, 1, 9921, w</b>)
+         <b>mkfs /dev/hda1
+         mount /dev/hda1 /mnt
+         cd /mnt; tar -xf /dev/hdb; cd ..
+         umount /mnt; sync; reboot</b>
  </pre>
  </ol>
- <p><i>"QEMU is a FAST! processor emulator"</i> according to <a
+ <p>It should now be possible to boot from the disk image, using the
- href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/qemu-doc.html">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/qemu-doc.html</a>.
+ following command:
- Sometimes QEMU is faster than GXemul, sometimes it is the other way
- around. A quick (and quite unfair) test on my laptop (1.8 GHz Turion ML32,
- I think, in AMD64 mode) comparing QEMU 0.8.1 installed as a binary package
- from FreeBSD ports with GXemul gave the following result:
  <p><pre>
-         <b>while true; do ls -l > /dev/null; echo -n .; done</b>
+ <b>     gxemul -xemalta -d linux.img -o "root=/dev/hda1 rw" vmlinux_2.6.18-rc4-ide-pci-novty.elf</b>
-         (80 x 36 dots)
+ </pre>
-         QEMU 0.8.1:       13 min 48 sec
-         GXemul 20060711:   7 min 54 sec
+ <p>There's a slight problem with this specific Redhat tree, so when you
-         GXemul 0.4.1:      4 min 59 sec
+ see the message "Configuring kernel parameters:  [  OK  ]", press CTRL-C
+ once.
-         <b>while true; do /usr/bin/md5sum /usr/bin/* > /dev/null; echo -n .; done</b>
+ -->
-         (80 dots)
-         QEMU 0.8.1:        2 min  9 sec
-         GXemul 20060711:   8 min 49 sec
-         GXemul 0.4.1:      6 min 54 sec
-         <b>while true; do grep hej lib/libtextwrap.so.1 > /dev/null; echo -n .; done</b>
-         (80 dots)
+ <p><br>
-         QEMU 0.8.1:       10 min  5 sec
+ <a name="linux_qemu_mips"></a>
-         GXemul 20060711:   3 min  8 sec
+ <h3>Linux/QEMU_MIPS:</h3>
-         GXemul 0.4.1:      1 min 42 sec
- </pre>
+ I've added a machine mode which emulates the MIPS machine mode used
+ in Fabrice Bellard's <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/">QEMU</a>.
- <p>The commands were run inside the emulators, using the ramdisk kernel
+ Starting with QEMU 0.9.0, there are other MIPS modes in QEMU (i.e. Malta);
- mentioned above. (For GXemul, 2006-07-11 was the date when the QEMU_MIPS
+ the QEMU_MIPS mode in GXemul refers to the old QEMU-specific MIPS machine.
- mode was added. Performance has since gotten a bit better in general, for
- non-R3000 MIPS emulation.)
+ <p>The following steps should let you boot into the Linux/QEMU_MIPS
+ kernel, in way similar to the <tt>run-qemu</tt> script:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Download the archive from
+         <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html</a> and extract it:<pre>
+         <b>wget <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/mips-test-0.2.tar.gz">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/mips-test-0.2.tar.gz</a>
+         tar zxvf mips-test-0.2.tar.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Start GXemul using the following command line:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -E qemu_mips -x -M 128 -o 'console=ttyS0
+                 rd_start=0x80800000 rd_size=10000000 init=/bin/sh'
+x80800000:mips-test/initrd.gz mips-test/vmlinux-2.6.18-3-qemu</b>
+ </pre>
+ </ol>
-Line 2014 
 such hardware well enough to fool Window
+Line 2542 
 such hardware well enough to fool Window
  that it is running on a real machine.
  <font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font>
- <p>Something like this would be done to install
+ <p>Installation steps similar to these would be required to install
  Windows NT onto a disk image:
  <ol>
-Line 2028 
 Windows NT onto a disk image:
+Line 2556 
 Windows NT onto a disk image:
          <p>
          <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
                  that you will install Windows NT onto:<pre>
-         $ <b><tt>dd if=/dev/zero of=winnt_test.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</tt></b>
+         <b><tt>dd if=/dev/zero of=winnt_test.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</tt></b>
  </pre>
          <li>Run the ARC installer, to partition the disk image:<pre>
-         $ <b><tt>gxemul -X -e pica -d winnt_test.img -d bc6:/dev/cd0c -j MIPS\\ARCINST</tt></b>
+         <b><tt>gxemul -X -e pica -d winnt_test.img -d bc6:/dev/cd0c -j MIPS\\ARCINST</tt></b>
  </pre>
          Note that <tt>ARCINST</tt> <i>almost</i> works, but not quite.
          <p>
          <li>Run the SETUP program:<pre>
-         $ <b><tt>gxemul -X -e pica -d winnt_test.img -d bc6:/dev/cd0c -j MIPS\\SETUPLDR</tt></b>
+         <b><tt>gxemul -X -e pica -d winnt_test.img -d bc6:/dev/cd0c -j MIPS\\SETUPLDR</tt></b>
  </pre>
  </ol>
-Line 2050 
 but then it crashes because of incomplet
+Line 2578 
 but then it crashes because of incomplet
- <p><br>
- <a name="netbsdnetwinderinstall"></a>
- <h3>NetBSD/netwinder:</h3>
- <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/netwinder/">NetBSD/netwinder</a>
+ <p><br>
- could possibly run in GXemul.
+ <a name="netbsdbeboxinstall"></a>
- <font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font>
+ <h3>NetBSD/bebox:</h3>
- <p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL
+ There is an old snapshot of
- kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/netwinder distribution onto a disk
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/bebox/">NetBSD/bebox</a>
- image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
+ from 1998-11-19 available at NetBSD's ftp server. NetBSD/bebox
+ could theoretically run in GXemul.
+ <font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK RIGHT NOW!</font>
- <p>
+ <p>The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/bebox onto a
- The following instructions will let you install the NetBSD/netwinder
+ disk image, using a NetBSD/prep kernel temporarily during the install:
- distribution onto a disk image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
  <p>
  <ol>
-   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 according to instructions
+   <li>Download a NetBSD/prep 2.1 install ramdisk kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">further up on this page</a>.
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+ </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
          that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_netwinder.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_bebox.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
- </pre>
-   <li>Download the generic kernel and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/netwindercd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/netwindercd.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
-   <li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/bebox snapshot, and create a suitable .iso
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d nbsd_netwinder.img -d netwinder.iso</b>
+         image of the files:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/arch/bebox/snapshot/19981119/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/arch/bebox/snapshot/19981119/</a>
+ mv ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/arch/bebox/snapshot/19981119/kern.tgz .
+ tar zxvf kern.tgz
+ rm -f kern.tgz
+ mkisofs -o netbsd-bebox-19981119.iso ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/arch/bebox/snapshot/19981119</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+   <p>
+   <li>Now let's extract the files onto the Bebox disk image. Start NetBSD/prep
+         with the following command line:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -e ibm6050 -d d:netbsd-bebox-19981119.iso -d nbsd_bebox.img netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
- </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
+ </pre>Choose (S) for Shell, and execute the following commands:
  <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
- <b>newfs /dev/sd1c
+ <b>disklabel -I -i wd1
- mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
+ a
- mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2
+.2BSD
- cd /mnt2; sh
+c
- for a in /mnt/netwinder/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+M
- exit
+ b
+ swap
+ a
+M
+ W
+ y
+ Q
+ newfs /dev/wd1a
+ mount_cd9660 /dev/wd0c /mnt
+ mount /dev/wd1a /mnt2
+ cd mnt2
+ for a in /mnt/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
  cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
- echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
+ echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; rc.conf
- echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
+ echo "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1" &gt; fstab
- cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
+ echo "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0" &gt;&gt; fstab
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2
+ sync; halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
  </ol>
- <p>NetBSD/netwinder is now installed on the disk image. But actually
+ <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/bebox using this command:<pre>
- running it does <b>not work yet</b>. Sorry.
+         <b>gxemul -X -E bebox -d nbsd_bebox.img netbsd</b>
- <p>Something like the following command line would be used to start
- NetBSD, if it worked:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -E netwinder -d nbsd_netwinder.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
  </pre>
- <p>Note: The installation instructions above create a filesystem
+ <p>When asked for the root device, enter <b><tt>wd0a</tt></b>.
- <i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no
- swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the
+ <p><font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET</font>, there are
- generic kernel:<pre>
+ errors while uncompressing the tgz files, and the machine crashes when
-         root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b>
+ trying to run /sbin/init.
-         dump device (default wd0b): <b>none</b>
-         file system (default generic):    <i>(just press enter)</i>
-         init path (default /sbin/init):   <i>(just press enter)</i>
- </pre>
-Line 2126 
 generic kernel:<pre>
+Line 2665 
 generic kernel:<pre>
  <p><br>
- <a name="netbsdmacppcinstall"></a>
+ <a name="netbsdlandiskinstall"></a>
- <h3>NetBSD/macppc:</h3>
+ <h3>NetBSD/landisk:</h3>
- It is <font color="#ff0000"><b>ALMOST</b></font> possible to install and run
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/landisk/">NetBSD/landisk</a> can
- <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/macppc/">NetBSD/macppc</a> in GXemul
+ run in GXemul.
- on an emulated generic PowerPC machine. No specific Machintosh model
- is emulated, but it is enough to for NetBSD to recognize it.
- <p>To install NetBSD/macppc onto a disk image, follow these instructions:
+ <p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE: This is still too
+ unstable to be considered really working! Snapshots from April 2007
+ or so will probably not work, unless an #if 0 is changed to
+ #if 1 in the implementation of the 'LDC Rm,SR' instruction
+ (in src/cpus/cpu_sh_instr.c).</font>
- <p>
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <ol start="1">
+ <a href="20070224-netbsd-landisk.png"><img src="20070224-netbsd-landisk_small.png"></a>
-   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
-         that you will install NetBSD/macppc onto:<pre>
-     <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_macppc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
+ <p>At the time of writing this, there are not yet any formal releases
+ of NetBSD/landisk, only daily snapshot builds.
+ <p>The NetBSD/landisk distribution does not include any INSTALL kernel,
+ so it must be installed using another (emulated) machine.
+ <p>The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/landisk onto a disk
+ image, using an emulated CATS machine:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Download a NetBSD/cats install kernel:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the NetBSD/macppc 3.0 ISO image and a generic kernel:<pre>
+   <p>
-     <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/macppccd-3.0.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/macppccd-3.0.iso</a>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
-     <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/macppc/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/macppc/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</a>
+         that you will install NetBSD/landisk onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_landisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=900000</b>
  </pre>
    <p>
-   <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
+   <li>Download the latest netbsd-4 (pre-release) snapshot, and make an iso image
-     <b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img -d b:macppccd-3.0.iso -j macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+         of it: (replace 200704110002Z with whatever is the latest one)<pre>
+         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-4/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-4/</a>200704110002Z/landisk
+         mkisofs -U -o landisk.iso ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-4/*</b>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start the emulated CATS machine like this:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_landisk.img -d landisk.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
  </pre>
+   <li>Exit the installer, then execute the following commands:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>disklabel -i -I wd0</b>    (for example 'a', '4.2BSD', '1c',
+     '700M', 'b', 'swap', '701M', '$', 'P', 'W', 'y', and 'Q')
+ <b>newfs /dev/wd0a
+ mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
+ mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/wd0a /mnt2
+ cd /mnt2; sh
+ for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcekmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ exit
+ cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
+ echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
+ echo "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
+ echo "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0" >> fstab
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
  </ol>
- <p>If everything worked, NetBSD/macppc should now be installed on the disk image.
+ <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/landisk using this command:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -E landisk -d nbsd_landisk.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+ </pre>
- <p><font color="#ff0000"><b>2006-02-26:</b></font> That's it. The installation
- succeeds, but it is not possible to start from the newly installed disk.
- /sbin/init dies, so the following command doesn't really work yet:
- <p>Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</b>
- </pre>

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