/[gxemul]/trunk/doc/guestoses.html

This is repository of my old source code which isn't updated any more. Go to git.rot13.org for current projects!

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-revision 12 by dpavlin,
Mon Oct  8 16:18:38 2007 UTC
+revision 22 by dpavlin,
Mon Oct  8 16:19:37 2007 UTC
 Line 4
  <table border=0 width=100% bgcolor="#d0d0d0"><tr>
  <td width=100% align=center valign=center><table border=0 width=100%><tr>
  <td align="left" valign=center bgcolor="#d0efff"><font color="#6060e0" size="6">
- <b>Gavare's eXperimental Emulator:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</b></font>
+ <b>Gavare's eXperimental Emulator:</b></font><br>
  <font color="#000000" size="6"><b>Installing and running "guest OSes"</b>
  </font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p>
  <!--
- $Id: guestoses.html,v 1.87 2005/08/16 09:16:25 debug Exp $
+ $Id: guestoses.html,v 1.124 2006/02/18 21:03:10 debug Exp $
- Copyright (C) 2003-2005  Anders Gavare.  All rights reserved.
+ Copyright (C) 2003-2006  Anders Gavare.  All rights reserved.
  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 Line 48 
 SUCH DAMAGE.
  <p>
  <ul>
    <li><a href="#generalnotes">General notes on running "guest OSes"</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdinstall">NetBSD/pmax</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">NetBSD/pmax</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdarcinstall">NetBSD/arc</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdhpcmipsinstall">NetBSD/hpcmips</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdcobaltinstall">NetBSD/cobalt</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdsgimips">NetBSD/sgimips</a>
-   <li><a href="#openbsdinstall">OpenBSD/pmax</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">NetBSD/cats</a>
-   <li><a href="#openbsdarcinstall">OpenBSD/arc</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdevbarminstall">NetBSD/evbarm</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdprepinstall">NetBSD/prep</a>
+   <li><a href="#openbsdpmaxinstall">OpenBSD/pmax</a>
+   <li><a href="#openbsdcatsinstall">OpenBSD/cats</a>
    <li><a href="#ultrixinstall">Ultrix/RISC</a>
    <li><a href="#sprite">Sprite for DECstation</a>
    <li><a href="#declinux">Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation</a>
-Line 67 
 you might find the following information
+Line 70 
 you might find the following information
  <ul>
    <li><a href="#mach">Mach/PMAX</a>
    <li><a href="#openbsdsgiinstall">OpenBSD/sgi</a>
+   <li><a href="#openbsdarcinstall">OpenBSD/arc</a>
+   <li><a href="#debiancats">Debian GNU/Linux for CATS</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdnetwinderinstall">NetBSD/netwinder</a>
  </ul>
-Line 96 
 system, the harddisk image looks and act
+Line 102 
 system, the harddisk image looks and act
  <p><br>
- <a name="netbsdinstall"></a>
+ <a name="netbsdpmaxinstall"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/pmax:</h3>
  <p>
-Line 126 
 steps:
+Line 132 
 steps:
    <li>Download a NetBSD CD-ROM iso image:<pre>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso</a>
          or
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/pmaxcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/pmaxcd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/pmaxcd-3.0.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/pmaxcd-3.0.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img -d bc:pmaxcd.iso</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img -d bc:pmaxcd-3.0.iso</b>
+         (or <b>pmaxcd.iso</b>)
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
          DECstation. Remember to choose <tt>vt100</tt> as your terminal
-Line 144 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
+Line 151 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
    <li>Download a NetBSD pmax INSTALL kernel:<pre>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
          or
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>
-Line 178 
 NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre>
+Line 185 
 NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>
- <p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE:</font> For some reason, NetBSD 2.0.2
+ <p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE:</font> For some reason, NetBSD 2.x and 3.x
- doesn't work with X out-of-the-box on pmax. It seems that this has to do
+ do not work with X out-of-the-box on pmax. It seems that this has to do
  with NetBSD switching console system to "WSCONS" somewhere between 1.6.2
  and 2.0. For now, if you want X, then try NetBSD 1.6.2.
-Line 199 
 and log in as <tt>root</tt> and type <tt
+Line 206 
 and log in as <tt>root</tt> and type <tt
  <a name="netbsdarcinstall"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/arc:</h3>
- It is possible to run <a
+ It is possible to install and run <a
  href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/arc/">NetBSD/arc</a>
  on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the emulator.
-Line 221 
 follow these instructions:
+Line 228 
 follow these instructions:
    <li>Download a NetBSD/arc 1.6.2 CDROM image, and a generic NetBSD/arc
          kernel:<pre>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso</a>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img -d bc:arccd.iso \
-Line 347 
 NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro
+Line 354 
 NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro
          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1990000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the NetBSD/hpcmips 2.0.2 ISO image, and a generic kernel:<pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/hpcmips 3.0 ISO image, and a generic kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/hpcmipscd.iso">hpcmipscd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/hpcmipscd-3.0.iso">hpcmipscd-3.0.iso</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -A -d nbsd_hpcmips.img  \
-           -d b:hpcmipscd.iso -j hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz</b>
+           -d b:hpcmipscd-3.0.iso -j hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
          MobilePro 770. (Install onto wd0, choose "Use entire disk" when
-         doing the MBR partitioning, and choose wd1d (not cd0c) as the
+         doing the MBR partitioning, and choose to install from CD-ROM.)
-         CDROM device to install from.)
  </ol>
  <p>
-Line 413 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 419 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cobalt.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1999000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt and the 2.0.2 ISO image:<pre>
+   <li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/cobaltcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/cobaltcd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/cobaltcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/cobaltcd.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
-   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 according to instructions
+   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 according to instructions
-         <a href="#netbsdinstall">further up on this page</a>.
+         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">further up on this page</a>.
    <p>
    <li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -e3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img -d cobaltcd.iso -d nbsd_cobalt.img</b>
-Line 476 
 in GXemul on an emulated Malta evaluatio
+Line 482 
 in GXemul on an emulated Malta evaluatio
  <p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL
  kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/evbmips distribution onto a disk
- image is to install the files is to do it using another (emulated)
+ image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
- machine.
  <p>
  The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/evbmips onto a disk
-Line 485 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 490 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
  <p>
  <ol>
-   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 according to instructions
+   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 according to instructions
-         <a href="#netbsdinstall">further up on this page</a>.
+         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">further up on this page</a>.
    <p>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
          that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_malta.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the generic kernel and the 2.0.2 ISO image:<pre>
+   <li>Download the generic kernel and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/evbmips-mipselcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/evbmips-mipselcd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbmips-mipselcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbmips-mipselcd.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
-Line 521 
 cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b
+Line 526 
 cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b
          <b>gxemul -e malta -d nbsd_malta.img netbsd-MALTA.gz</b>
  </pre>
- <p>Note 1: NetBSD detects a very fast CPU although the emulation isn't
+ <p>NOTE: To select a 4Kc (MIPS32) CPU instead of the default 5Kc
- really that fast, so emulated delays are very slow. Even on a multi-GHz
- host, you will need a lot of patience.
- <p>Note 2: To select a 4Kc (MIPS32) CPU instead of the default 5Kc
  (MIPS64) CPU, add <tt><b>-C 4Kc</b></tt> to the command line. With NetBSD
-.0.2, however, there will be little or no difference in functionality, as
+.1, however, there will be little or no difference in functionality, as
- NetBSD still runs in 32-bit mode on 64-bit MIPS CPUs. The only difference
+ NetBSD still runs in 32-bit mode on 64-bit MIPS CPUs. There are two things
- it makes in practice is that GXemul's binary translation subsystem might
+ that differ:<ol>
- run a bit faster (because there are some optimizations for 32-bit
+   <li>GXemul's binary translation subsystem might run a bit faster
- emulation that don't work with 64-bit emulation).
+         in 32-bit mode (because there are some optimizations that don't
+         work with 64-bit emulation)
+   <li>4Kc only has 16 TLB entries, whereas 5Kc has 48. This makes 4Kc
+         slower.
+ </ol>
- <p>Note 3: The installation instructions above create a filesystem
+ <p>The installation instructions above create a filesystem
  <i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no
  swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the
  generic kernel:<pre>
-Line 563 
 emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in t
+Line 568 
 emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in t
  several times, asking for documentation, but never received any reply.)
  NetBSD can still run in the emulator, as long as it doesn't use SCSI.
- <p>For a simple test with the 2.0.2 ramdisk (install) kernel, try
+ <p>For a simple test with the 2.1 ramdisk (install) kernel, try
  dowloading<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
  </pre>and run&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><tt>gxemul -e o2 netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</tt></b>.
-Line 577 
 time consuming, but necessary:
+Line 582 
 time consuming, but necessary:
  <ol>
    <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
          This needs to have a 750 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
-         <a href="#netbsdinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 from CDROM</a>.
+         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 from CDROM</a>.
          (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
    <p>
    <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
-Line 616 
 reboot</b>
+Line 621 
 reboot</b>
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
  <b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.uk.netbsd.org</b>
  (log in as anonymous...)
- <b>cd /pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/sgimips/binary/sets
+ <b>cd /pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/sgimips/binary/sets
  mget base.tgz comp.tgz etc.tgz games.tgz man.tgz misc.tgz text.tgz
  quit
  sh
-Line 627 
 dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32
+Line 632 
 dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32
  halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
    <li>Download the NetBSD/sgimips GENERIC and INSTALL kernels:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>:
-Line 736 
 to IPv4.
+Line 741 
 to IPv4.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdcatsinstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/cats:</h3>
+ It is possible to install and run
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/cats/">NetBSD/cats</a> in GXemul.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20051007-netbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-netbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a>
+ <p>
+ To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image, follow these instructions:
+ <p>
+ <ol start="1">
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that you will install NetBSD/cats onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/cats 3.0 ISO image and the generic and install kernels:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/catscd-3.0.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/catscd-3.0.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d catscd-3.0.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+         and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
+         CATS from CDROM.
+ </ol>
+ <p>Alternatively, to install from FTP, you can skip downloading the ISO,
+ and start the install without <tt>-d catscd-3.0.iso</tt>. Suitable network
+ settings are IP 10.0.0.1, gateway/default route 10.0.0.254, netmask
+.0.0.0, nameserver 10.0.0.254.
+ <p>If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image.
+ Use the following command line to boot the emulated CATS machine:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdevbarminstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/evbarm:</h3>
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/evbarm/">NetBSD/evbarm</a> can
+ run in GXemul on an emulated IQ80321 evaluation board.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20060218-netbsd-evbarm.png"><img src="20060218-netbsd-evbarm_small.png"></a>
+ <p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL
+ kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/evbarm distribution onto a disk
+ image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
+ <p>The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/evbarm onto a disk
+ image, from an emulated CATS machine:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Install NetBSD/cats 3.0 according to instructions
+         <a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">further up on this page</a>.
+   <p>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
+         that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_iq80321.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download an IQ80321 kernel with wdc support, and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbarm/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbarm/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbarm/binary/kernel/netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz">netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbarmcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbarmcd.iso</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>The first step is to copy the .tgz files we want onto the CATS
+         machine's harddisk. Start the CATS machine like this:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d evbarmcd.iso netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b>
+ </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>mount /dev/cd0a /mnt; cd /root; cp /mnt/evbarm/binary/sets/[bcegmt]* .
+ sync; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+   <p>
+   <li>Now let's extract the files onto the IQ80321's disk image. Start the
+         CATS machine again, with the following command line:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b>
+ </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>disklabel -I -i wd1</b>
+     (enter suitable commands, e.g. <i>a, 4.2BSD, 1c, 750M, b,
+      swap, a, 200M, P, W, y, Q</i>)
+ <b>newfs /dev/wd1a; mount /dev/wd1a /mnt; cd /mnt; sh
+ for a in /root/[bcegmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ exit
+ cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
+ echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; rc.conf
+ echo "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1" &gt; fstab
+ echo "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0" &gt;&gt; fstab
+ cd /; umount /mnt; sync; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+ </ol>
+ <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbarm using this command:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -xEiq80321 -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdprepinstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/prep:</h3>
+ It is possible to install and run
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/prep/">NetBSD/prep</a> in GXemul
+ on an emulated IBM 6050 (PowerPC) machine.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20051123-netbsd-prep.png"><img src="20051123-netbsd-prep_small.png"></a>
+ <p>To install NetBSD/prep onto a disk image, follow these instructions:
+ <p>
+ <ol start="1">
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that you will install NetBSD/prep onto:<pre>
+     <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_prep.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1000000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/prep 2.1 ISO image and the generic kernel:<pre>
+     <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/prepcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/prepcd.iso</a>
+     <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
+     <b>gxemul -x -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img -d rdb:prepcd.iso -j prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Installation is a bit unsmooth, possibly due to bugs in GXemul,
+         possibly due to bugs in NetBSD itself; others have been having
+         problems on real hardware: <a href="http://mail-index.NetBSD.org/port-prep/2005/11/25/0004.html">http://mail-index.NetBSD.org/port-prep/2005/11/25/0004.html</a>.
+         Creating an MBR slice and a disklabel with sysinst bugs out, so
+         some things have to be done manually:<p>
+         At "<tt>(I)nstall, (S)hell, or (H)alt</tt>", choose
+                 <tt><b><u>s</u></b></tt>.
+         <br><tt># <b><u>fdisk -u wd0</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>Do you want to change our idea of what BIOS thinks? [n]</tt>
+                 (just press <b>ENTER</b>)
+         <br><tt>Which partition do you want to change?: [none] <b><u>0</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>sysid: ... </tt> (just press <B>ENTER</b>)
+         <br><tt>start: ... <b><u>1cyl</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>size: ... </tt> (just press <B>ENTER</b>)
+         <br><tt>Which partition do you want to change?: [none]</tt> (press <b>ENTER</b>)
+         <br><tt>Should we write new partition table? [n] <b><u>y</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt># <b><u>disklabel -I -i wd0</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>partition&gt; <b><u>a</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>Filesystem type [?] [unused]: <b><u>4.2BSD</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>Start offset ('x' to start after partition 'x') [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>1c</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>Partition size ('$' for all remaining) [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>900M</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>partition&gt; <b><u>b</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>Filesystem type [?] [unused]: <b><u>swap</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>Start offset ('x' to start after partition 'x') [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>a</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>Partition size ('$' for all remaining) [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>$</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>partition&gt; <b><u>W</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>Label disk [n]? <b><u>y</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt>partition&gt; <b><u>Q</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt># <b><u>newfs wd0a</u></b></tt>
+         <br><tt># <b><u>sysinst</u></b></tt>
+         <br>Choose to install onto <b>wd0</b>. Choose
+                 "<tt>a: Edit the MBR partition table</tt>"
+                 when presented with that option.
+         <br>Choose the 'a' partition/slice,
+                 set the 'e' ("active") and 'f' ("install") fields to <b>Yes</b>,
+                 and then choose "<tt>x: Partition table OK</tt>".
+         <br>Choose "<tt>b: Use existing partition sizes</tt>" in the next
+                 menu.
+         <br>Select partition 'a' and press ENTER. Set field 'k' (mount point)
+                 to '<tt><b>/</b></tt>'.
+         <br>Get out of the partitioner by selecting
+                 "<tt>x: Partition sizes ok</tt>" twice.
+         <br>At "<tt>Write outside MBR partition? [n]:</tt>", just press
+                 <b>ENTER</b>.
+         <br>Install from CD-ROM, device <b>wd1c</b>.
+ </ol>
+ <p>If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image.
+ Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>When asked which the root device is, type <tt><b>wd0</b></tt> and
+ just press ENTER to select the default values for dump device, file
+ system type, and init path.
  <p><br>
- <a name="openbsdinstall"></a>
+ <a name="openbsdpmaxinstall"></a>
  <h3>OpenBSD/pmax:</h3>
  Installing <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/pmax.html">OpenBSD/pmax</a> is
  a bit harder than installing NetBSD/pmax. You should first read the <a
- href="#netbsdinstall">section above</a> on how to install NetBSD/pmax,
+ href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">section above</a> on how to install NetBSD/pmax,
  before continuing here. If you have never installed OpenBSD on any
  architecture, then you need a great deal of patience to do this. If, on
  the other hand you are used to installing OpenBSD, then this should be no
-Line 790 
 chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b>           &lt;--- ma
+Line 1011 
 chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b>           &lt;--- ma
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator with all three (!) disk images:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -M64 -d obsd_pmax.img -d b:simpleroot28.fs -j bsd -d c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d obsd_pmax.img -d b:simpleroot28.fs -j bsd -d c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso</b>
  </pre>
          (If you add <tt>-X</tt>, you will run with the graphical
-Line 859 
 root password, and so on.
+Line 1080 
 root password, and so on.
  Once you have completed the installation procedure, the following command
  will let you boot from the new rootdisk image:
  <pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -X -M64 -o '-aN' -d obsd_pmax.img -j bsd</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -X -o '-aN' -d obsd_pmax.img -j bsd</b>
  </pre>
  <p>
-Line 878 
 enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are u
+Line 1099 
 enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are u
- <p><br>
- <a name="openbsdarcinstall"></a>
- <h3>OpenBSD/arc:</h3>
- It is possible to run OpenBSD/arc on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the
- emulator.
- <p>
+ <p><br>
- &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a name="openbsdcatsinstall"></a>
- <a href="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed.gif"><img src="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed_small.gif"></a>
+ <h3>OpenBSD/cats:</h3>
- <p>
+ It is possible to install and run
- (You should be aware of the fact that OpenBSD for the ARC platform died at
+ <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html">OpenBSD/cats</a>
- release 2.3, so this will not give you an up-to-date OpenBSD system.
+ in GXemul.
- See
- <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html">http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html</a>
- for more information.)
- <p>
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- To install OpenBSD/arc onto an emulated harddisk image, follow these
+ <a href="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a>
- instructions:
+ <p>To install OpenBSD/cats onto an emulated harddisk image,
+ follow these instructions:
  <p>
  <ol>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1900000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the entire arc directory from the ftp server: (approx. 75 MB)<pre>
+   <li>Download the entire cats directory from the ftp server:<pre>
-         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/</a></b>
+         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.8/cats/">ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.8/cats/</a></b>
+         <b>cp ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.8/cats/bsd .</b>
+         <b>cp ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.8/cats/bsd.rd .</b>
  </pre>
-Line 916 
 instructions:
+Line 1133 
 instructions:
          (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
          already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
          to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
-         <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_arc_2.3.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
+         <b>mkisofs -allow-lowercase -o openbsd_cats_3.8.iso ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e pica -X -A -d obsd_arc.img -d b:openbsd_arc_2.3.iso -j 2.3/arc/bsd.rd</b>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img -d openbsd_cats_3.8.iso bsd.rd</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
-         on a real Acer PICA-61. (Answer 'no' when asked if you want to
+         on a real CATS. (Install onto <tt>wd0</tt>, don't configure the
-         configure networking, and then install from CD-ROM.)
+         network, install from CD.)
  </ol>
- <p>
+ <p>(Although it <i>is</i> possible to configure the network, IPv4 address
- Once the install has finished, the following command should let you
+.0.0.1, netmask 255.0.0.0, gateway/default route 10.0.0.254, and
+ nameserver 10.0.0.254, the userland NAT-like networking layer is not
+ stable enough yet to support a full install via ftp.)
+ <p><b>NOTE:</b> Make sure that you <tt>sync</tt> and <tt>reboot</tt>
+ correctly once the installation is finished, or the <tt>/dev</tt> nodes
+ may not have been written correctly to disk.
+ <p>Once the install has finished, the following command should let you
  boot from the harddisk image:
- <p>
- <pre>
+ <p><pre>
-         <b>gxemul -X -e pica -d obsd_arc.img ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/bsd</b>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img bsd</b>
  </pre>
-Line 970 
 The following instructions should let yo
+Line 1195 
 The following instructions should let yo
          (On FreeBSD and similar systems, it is called <tt>/dev/cd0c</tt>.
          Replace that with the name of your CDROM drive, or the name of a
          .iso image file.) Then, start the emulator like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -X -A -M64 -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d bc:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>
+         <b>gxemul -X -A -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d bc:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Once the first stage of the installation is done (restoring the root
-Line 978 
 The following instructions should let yo
+Line 1203 
 The following instructions should let yo
          new rootdisk, to continue the installation process.
          This is done by removing the bootflag ('<tt>b</tt>') from the second
          diskimage argument:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -X -A -M64 -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d c:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>
+         <b>gxemul -X -A -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d c:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>
  </pre>
  </ol>
-Line 986 
 The following instructions should let yo
+Line 1211 
 The following instructions should let yo
  <p>
  When the installation is completed, the following command should start
  Ultrix from the harddisk image:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -X -A -M64 -e 3max -j vmunix -d rootdisk.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -X -A -e 3max -j vmunix -d rootdisk.img</b>
  </pre>
  <p>Ultrix mostly seems to work with dynamic binary translation (which can
-Line 1008 
 There is also a <b><tt>-z</tt></b> optio
+Line 1233 
 There is also a <b><tt>-z</tt></b> optio
  displays to use. The following example starts Ultrix on an emulated
  tripple-headed workstation, on three different displays (<tt>remote1:0.0</tt>,
  <tt>localhost:0.0</tt>, and <tt>remote2:0.0</tt>), using no scaledown:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -M64 -N -e 3max -jgenvmunix -d rootdisk.img \
+         <b>gxemul -A -N -e 3max -jgenvmunix -d rootdisk.img \
              -XZ3 -z remote1:0.0 -z localhost:0.0 -z remote2:0.0</b>
  </pre>
-Line 1115 
 start the X11 environment.
+Line 1340 
 start the X11 environment.
  <a name="declinux"></a>
  <h3>Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation:</h3>
- <font color="#ef0000">NOTE: This is experimental, and <i>extremely</i>
+ It is possible to run Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation in the emulator,
- unstable. During my tests, even pressing the wrong key during the install
+ on an emulated 5000/200 ("3max"). Although the Debian project has released
- (for example the wrong cursor key) can cause a kernel Oops. My success
+ install ramdisk kernels for this purpose, these do not always work:
- rate is probably around 50%.</font>
+ <ul>
+   <li>Serial console output doesn't work too well in GXemul. There are
- <p><font color="#ef0000">I <i>think</i> this has to do with interrupts
+         random oopses, which may be due to bugs in GXemul, but may
- from the serial controller. Hopefully using the <tt><b>-U</b></tt> command
+         also be due to bugs in the serial controller code in Linux.
- line option will reduce the risk for such crashes. (I haven't had time to
+         (The speed at which serial interrupts are generated can be
- come up with a clean solution to this yet; it feels like a buffer overflow
+         lowered with the <tt>-U</tt> command line option, but it only
- in Linux' serial driver for the 5000/200, but it is also likely that it is
+         reduces the risk, it doesn't take away the oopses completely.)
- a bug in GXemul.)</font>
+   <li>Old install kernels supported the graphical framebuffer on the
+max, but not the keyboard.
- <p><font color="#ef0000">Everything runs extremely slow. Even if you have
+   <li>For quite some time, the MIPS linux cvs tree had support for the
- a very fast host machine, an install attempt can still take several hours!
+         keyboard, but it did <i>not</i> include Debian's patches for
- </font>
+         networking. (Perhaps this has been fixed now, I don't know.)
+ </ul>
- <p>
+ <p>David Muse has made available a precompiled install kernel which
- &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ has support for framebuffer, keyboard, and networking, which works
- <a href="20041212-debian_1.png"><img src="20041212-debian_1_small.gif"></a>
+ pretty well. Thanks David. :-)
- &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <a href="20041212-debian_2.png"><img src="20041212-debian_2_small.gif"></a>
- &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <a href="20041213-debian_3.png"><img src="20041213-debian_3_small.gif"></a>
- &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <a href="20041213-debian_4.png"><img src="20041213-debian_4_small.gif"></a>
  <p>
  The following steps should let you install Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation
-Line 1149 
 onto a harddisk image:
+Line 1369 
 onto a harddisk image:
  <ol>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that Debian installs itself onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3300000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download an install kernel:<pre>
+   <li>Download David Muse' install kernel, and a Debian Netinstall CD-ROM:<pre>
-         <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/</a>
+         <a href="http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31">http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31</a>
-             <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img</a>
+         <a href="http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/3.1_r0a/mipsel/iso-cd/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso">http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/3.1_r0a/mipsel/iso-cd/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
-   <li>For a text-mode installation, start the emulator like this:<pre>
+   <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img -O boot.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -XAe3max -d debian_pmax.img -d debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
  </pre>
-         (If you want to, you can try <b><tt>-X</tt></b> instead of
+         Everything is <i>really</i> slow, for several reasons (framebuffer is
-         <b><tt>-o 'console=ttyS3'</tt></b> on the command line. This will
+         always slower than serial console, and Debian's install seems to be
-         cause Linux to use the graphical framebuffer. Unfortunately, Linux
+         made up of scripts that run a lot slower in the emulator than pure
-         does not seem to have a driver for the DZ11 keyboard controller yet,
+         C code would).
-         so you cannot interact with the system. You will see the penguin in
+         <p>
-         the upper lefthand corner while booting, and nicely rendered Unicode
+         There will be a <font color="#d00000">warning</font> about "Select
-         characters, but that's about it.)
+         keyboard layout". Don't mind this. Continue by selecting "Detect and
+         mount CD-ROM".
+         <p>
+         There will also be a <font color="#d00000">warning</font> about lack
+         of loadable modules. Don't mind this, continue anyway.
          <p>
          You need to enter some values during the installation procedure, for
          example network settings. The following should work:<pre>
-Line 1181 
 onto a harddisk image:
+Line 1405 
 onto a harddisk image:
    <li>Once the first phase of the install has finished, the following command
          should let you boot into Debian, and perform post-install
          configuration:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -XAe3max -o 'root=/dev/sda1' -d debian_pmax.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
- </pre>Note: All these steps take a lot of time, so you will have plenty
+ </pre>The post-install step takes quite some time.
-         of time to drink lots of cups of coffee.
-   <p>
-   <li>It seems that there's a problem with getting a login prompt on serial
-         console (at least when I've done test installs), so when the
-         installation is finished and you're supposed to get a login prompt,
-         you need to press CTRL-C and type <b><tt>quit</tt></b>, and then:
-         download a normal kernel (<i>not</i> a RAMDISK kernel):<pre>
-         <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/</a>
-             <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</a>
- </pre>and boot Debian using the following command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -M64 -o \
-             'console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh' \
-             -d debian.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b>
- </pre>
-         You'll enter single-user mode. You need to add a line to
-         /etc/inittab, to enable logins via serial console.<pre>
-         sh-2.05b# <b>echo 'T3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS3 9600 vt100' >> /etc/inittab</b>
-         sh-2.05b# <b>echo 'ttyS3' >> /etc/securetty</b>
-         sh-2.05b# <b>sync; umount /</b>
-         sh-2.05b# <b>halt</b>
- </pre>
  </ol>
- <p>
+ <p>Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation should now be installed. Use this command
- The system should now be ready for everyday use.
+ to boot from the installed disk image:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XAe3max -o 'root=/dev/sda1' -d debian_pmax.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
- <p>
- Use this command to boot from the completely installed disk image:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img</b>
  </pre>
- <p>
- [&nbsp;<font color="#ff0000">UPDATE 2005-01-19:</font>&nbsp;
- Kaj-Michael Lang noticed that the current CVS-version of
- <a href="http://www.linux-mips.org/">linux-mips</a> has
- support for keyboards now, on DECstation 5000/200, so it is
- possible to run Debian GNU/Linux with framebuffer/keyboard.
- (Add <b><tt>-X</tt></b> (or <b><tt>-XY2</tt></b>) and remove the
- <b><tt>console=ttyS3</tt></b> option.) He has made a kernel available here:
- <a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels/">http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels</a>/<a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation">vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation</a>
- It has other problems (ethernet doesn't seem to work, for
- example), but at least it doesn't Oops that often.&nbsp;]
-Line 1239 
 example), but at least it doesn't Oops t
+Line 1426 
 example), but at least it doesn't Oops t
  <a name="declinuxredhat"></a>
  <h3>Redhat Linux for DECstation:</h3>
- <font color="#ff0000">NOTE: This is experimental, and <i>extremely</i>
- unstable. Read the note about <b><tt>-U</tt></b> in the section on how to
- install Debian.
- </font>
  <p>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-Line 1253 
 The following steps should let you run R
+Line 1436 
 The following steps should let you run R
  <p>
  <ol>
-   <li>Download a kernel. This is a Debian kernel, but it works fine:<pre>
+   <li>Download a kernel. David Muse' Debian-install kernel works fine, also with Redhat:<pre>
-         <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/</a>
+         <a href="http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31">http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31</a>
-             <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Download a root filesystem tree:<pre>
-Line 1264 
 The following steps should let you run R
+Line 1446 
 The following steps should let you run R
          19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414
  </pre>
-   <li>This is the tricky part: Create an ext2 filesystem image called redhat.img using
+   <li>Create a disk image which will contain the Redhat filesystem:<pre>
-         the filesystem tree you just downloaded. The disk image should have a MS-DOS
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=redhat_mips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
-         partition table (!), and then one or more ext2 partitions.
-         (Use loopback mount, or similar. This is probably easiest to do on a Linux host.)
+ </pre>
-         However, in order to actually boot the system you need to modify /etc/fstab.
+   <li>This is the tricky part: on redhat_mips.img, you need to create an MS-DOS
+         (!) partition table, and then an ext2 partition. This is what Linux
+         will then see as /dev/sda1.
+         <p>On a Linux host, you could use a loopback mount, or similar. Otherwise,
+         I recommend you run fdisk and mke2fs and untar the archive from within
+         Debian/DECstation or <a href="#debiancats">Debian/CATS</a> running
+         inside the emulator. Use your imagination.
+         <p>
+         In order to actually boot the system you need to modify /etc/fstab.
          Change<pre>
          /dev/root               /               nfs     defaults        1 1
          #/dev/sdc1              /               ext2    defaults        1 1
-Line 1282 
 The following steps should let you run R
+Line 1472 
 The following steps should let you run R
          none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0
  </pre>(Note sda1 instead of sdc1.)
-   <p>
-   <li>To boot Linux, start the emulator like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -M128 -o \
-             "console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b>
- </pre>
  </ol>
- <p>
+ <p>To boot Redhat linux from the disk image, use the following command line:<pre>
- If you need to boot into single user mode, try the following:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XAe3max -o "root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat_mips.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -o "console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh" \
-             -d redhat.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b>
  </pre>
+ If you need to boot into single user mode, change options to
+ <tt><b>-o "root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh"</b></tt>.
- <p>Redhat Linux on DECstation in R3000 mode should work fine with dynamic
- binary translation, but if things are buggy, it can be disabled by
- using the <b><tt>-B</tt></b> command line option.
- <p>
- NOTE: You can add <b>-X</b> and remove <b>console=ttyS3</b> from the command
- line, if you want to use a graphical framebuffer. Unfortunately, Linux
- doesn't have support for keyboards on DECstation 5000/200 yet, so you cannot
- actually interact with the sytem. :-(
- <p>
- [&nbsp;<font color="#ff0000">UPDATE 2005-01-22:</font>&nbsp;
- Read the 2005-01-19 update in the Debian section above, and then, if
- you do not need ethernet support, try Kaj-Michael Lang's kernel compiled
- from <a href="http://www.linux-mips.org/">linux-mips</a>' CVS.
- <a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/patches/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation">
- http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/patches/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation</a>
- It should work with framebuffer/keyboard.&nbsp;]
-Line 1431 
 client. Performing this setup is quite t
+Line 1597 
 client. Performing this setup is quite t
  <ol>
    <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
          This needs to have a 800 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
-         <a href="#netbsdinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 from CDROM</a>.
+         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 from CDROM</a>.
          (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
    <p>
    <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
-Line 1575 
 fetch several cups of coffee for each of
+Line 1741 
 fetch several cups of coffee for each of
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="openbsdarcinstall"></a>
+ <h3>OpenBSD/arc:</h3>
+ It is (almost) possible to install and run OpenBSD/arc on an emulated Acer
+ PICA-61 in the emulator.
+ <p><font color="#e00000">Earlier, I had this guest OS listed as
+ officially working in the emulator, but for several reasons, it has
+ been moved down here to the "informative-but-not-really-working"
+ section.</font>
+ <p>
+ <ul>
+   <li>The last OpenBSD/arc release was 2.3. This means that it is very
+         old, it would not give a fair picture of what OpenBSD is (if you
+         are just looking to find out what it is like), and it is not
+         worth experimenting with it. See
+         <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html">http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html</a>
+         for more information.
+   <li>OpenBSD/arc was (if I understood things correctly) never really
+         stable, even on real hardare. Problems with too small an interrupt
+         stack. Bugs are triggered in the emulator that have to do with
+         issues such as this.
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed.gif"><img src="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed_small.gif"></a>
+ <p>
+ <font color="#e00000">Currently, I don't test for every release whether
+ or not OpenBSD/arc can be installed. Releases prior to 0.3.7
+ (but probably <i>not</i> 0.3.7) should work. Anyway, here are the
+ old installation instructions:</font>
+ <p>To install OpenBSD/arc onto an emulated harddisk image, follow these
+ instructions:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the entire arc directory from the ftp server: (approx. 75 MB)<pre>
+         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/</a></b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
+         (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
+         already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
+         to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
+         <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_arc_2.3.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -e pica -X -A -d obsd_arc.img -d b:openbsd_arc_2.3.iso -j 2.3/arc/bsd.rd</b>
+ </pre>
+         and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
+         on a real Acer PICA-61. (Answer 'no' when asked if you want to
+         configure networking, and then install from CD-ROM.)
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ Once the install has finished, the following command should let you
+ boot from the harddisk image:
+ <p>
+ <pre>
+         <b>gxemul -X -e pica -d obsd_arc.img ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/bsd</b>
+ </pre>
+ The system is very sensitive to (I think) kernel stack overflow, so it
+ crashes easily. If I remember correctly from mailing lists, this also
+ happened on real hardware.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="debiancats"></a>
+ <h3>Debian GNU/Linux for CATS:</h3>
+ Debian GNU/Linux for CATS (ARM) could <i>theoretically</i> run in GXemul,
+ however:
+ <ul>
+   <li>The DEC 21143 NIC is not emulated well enough for Linux to accept it.
+   <li>Development of Debian for CATS seems to have died? The latest
+         install kernel is quite old.
+ </ul>
+ <p><font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font>
+ <p>The following installation instructions would theoretically work:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that Debian installs itself onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3300000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the tftpboot install kernel:<pre>
+         <a href="http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/oldstable/main/disks-arm/current/cats/tftpboot.img">http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/oldstable/main/disks-arm/current/cats/tftpboot.img</a>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Start the installation using the following command line:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d debian_cats.img tftpboot.img</b>
+ </pre>
+ </ol>
+ <p>It doesn't work, though, because the NIC isn't working well enough.
+ <p>The only use of Debian/CATS in the emulator right now is as a way to
+ manipulate Linux disk images, if you are on a non-Linux host. By choosing
+ "Execute a shell" in the installer's menu, you can have access to tools such as
+ fdisk and mke2fs, which are useful for creating Linux paritions on disk images.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdnetwinderinstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/netwinder:</h3>
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/netwinder/">NetBSD/netwinder</a>
+ could possibly run in GXemul.
+ <font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font>
+ <p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL
+ kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/netwinder distribution onto a disk
+ image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
+ <p>
+ The following instructions will let you install the NetBSD/netwinder
+ distribution onto a disk image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0 according to instructions
+         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">further up on this page</a>.
+   <p>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
+         that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_netwinder.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the generic kernel and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/netwindercd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/netwindercd.iso</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img -d nbsd_netwinder.img -d netwinder.iso</b>
+ </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>newfs /dev/sd1c
+ mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
+ mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2
+ cd /mnt2; sh
+ for a in /mnt/netwinder/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ exit
+ cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
+ echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
+ echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+ </ol>
+ <p>NetBSD/netwinder is now installed on the disk image. But actually
+ running it does <b>not work yet</b>. Sorry.
+ <p>Something like the following command line would be used to start
+ NetBSD, if it worked:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -E netwinder -d nbsd_netwinder.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>Note: The installation instructions above create a filesystem
+ <i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no
+ swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the
+ generic kernel:<pre>
+         root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b>
+         dump device (default wd0b): <b>none</b>
+         file system (default generic):    <i>(just press enter)</i>
+         init path (default /sbin/init):   <i>(just press enter)</i>
+ </pre>

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