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-revision 10 by dpavlin,
Mon Oct  8 16:18:27 2007 UTC
+revision 18 by dpavlin,
Mon Oct  8 16:19:11 2007 UTC
 Line 1
- <html><head><title>GXemul documentation: Installing and running "guest OSes"</title>
+ <html><head><title>Gavare's eXperimental Emulator:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Installing and running "guest OSes"</title>
- <meta name="robots" content="noarchive,nofollow,noindex">
+ <meta name="robots" content="noarchive,nofollow,noindex"></head>
- </head>
  <body bgcolor="#f8f8f8" text="#000000" link="#4040f0" vlink="#404040" alink="#ff0000">
  <table border=0 width=100% bgcolor="#d0d0d0"><tr>
  <td width=100% align=center valign=center><table border=0 width=100%><tr>
  <td align="left" valign=center bgcolor="#d0efff"><font color="#6060e0" size="6">
- <b>GXemul documentation:</b></font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <b>Gavare's eXperimental Emulator:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</b></font>
  <font color="#000000" size="6"><b>Installing and running "guest OSes"</b>
  </font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p>
  <!--
- $Id: guestoses.html,v 1.72 2005/06/27 23:04:36 debug Exp $
+ $Id: guestoses.html,v 1.96 2005/10/22 17:24:19 debug Exp $
  Copyright (C) 2003-2005  Anders Gavare.  All rights reserved.
-Line 40 
 SUCH DAMAGE.
+Line 39 
 SUCH DAMAGE.
  -->
  <a href="./">Back to the index</a>
  <p><br>
 Line 54 
 SUCH DAMAGE.
    <li><a href="#netbsdcobaltinstall">NetBSD/cobalt</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdsgimips">NetBSD/sgimips</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">NetBSD/cats</a>
    <li><a href="#openbsdinstall">OpenBSD/pmax</a>
    <li><a href="#openbsdarcinstall">OpenBSD/arc</a>
+   <li><a href="#openbsdcatsinstall">OpenBSD/cats</a>
    <li><a href="#ultrixinstall">Ultrix/RISC</a>
    <li><a href="#sprite">Sprite for DECstation</a>
    <li><a href="#declinux">Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation</a>
-Line 67 
 you might find the following information
+Line 69 
 you might find the following information
  <ul>
    <li><a href="#mach">Mach/PMAX</a>
    <li><a href="#openbsdsgiinstall">OpenBSD/sgi</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdnetwinderinstall">NetBSD/netwinder</a>
  </ul>
-Line 109 
 onto a harddisk image in the emulator, f
+Line 112 
 onto a harddisk image in the emulator, f
  <p><ol start="1">
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
-         $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1 count=512 seek=1900000000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1 count=512 seek=1900000000</b>
  </pre>
  </ol>
-Line 130 
 steps:
+Line 133 
 steps:
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -X -E dec -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d bc:pmaxcd.iso</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img -d bc:pmaxcd.iso</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
-         DECstation.
+         DECstation. Remember to choose <tt>vt100</tt> as your terminal
+         type, and not <tt>rcons</tt>.
  </ol>
  <p>
  For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 and 3 above with these:
-Line 147 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
+Line 151 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -X -E dec -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -O netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img -O netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
-         DECstation. Suitable networking parameters are as follows:<pre>
+         DECstation. Remember to choose <tt>vt100</tt> as your terminal
+         type, and not <tt>rcons</tt>. Suitable networking parameters are as
+         follows:<pre>
          Which device shall I use? [le0]: <b>le0</b>
          ..
          Your DNS domain: <b>mydomain.com</b>
-Line 164 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
+Line 170 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
          IP number of a real-world nameserver instead.)
  </ol>
- <p>(If you don't want to use a graphical framebuffer during the install,
+ <p>If you want to use a graphical framebuffer during the install, you can
- you can remove <b><tt>-X</tt></b> from the command line, but then make sure you
+ add <b><tt>-X -Y2</tt></b> to the command line, and choose <tt>rcons</tt>
- choose "<tt>vt100</tt>" when prompted with which terminal type to use, and not
+ instead of <tt>vt100</tt> when prompted with which terminal type to use.
- "<tt>rcons</tt>". If you want to use X, but think that the default framebuffer
+ (By just using <tt><b>-X</b></tt>, you will get a full-size framebuffer
- window is too large, try adding <tt><b>-Y2</b></tt> to the command line.)
+ window.)
- <p>When the installation is completed, the following command should start
+ <p>When the installation is finished, the following command should start
  NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -X -M64 -E dec -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>
- <p>
+ <p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE:</font> For some reason, NetBSD 2.0.2
- Use <b>startx</b> to start X windows.
+ doesn't work with X out-of-the-box on pmax. It seems that this has to do
+ with NetBSD switching console system to "WSCONS" somewhere between 1.6.2
+ and 2.0. For now, if you want X, then try NetBSD 1.6.2.
- <p>
+ <p>With NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2, try the following to start with a framebuffer:<pre>
- <font color="#ff0000">NOTE:</font> For some reason, NetBSD 2.0.2 doesn't
+         <b>gxemul -X -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
- work with X out-of-the-box on pmax. It seems that this has to do with a
- switch to WSCONS. For now, if you want X, then try NetBSD 1.6.2.
- <p>
- If you want to run without the X framebuffer, use this instead:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>
+ and log in as <tt>root</tt> and type <tt>startx</tt> to start X windows.
-Line 198 
 If you want to run without the X framebu
+Line 202 
 If you want to run without the X framebu
  <a name="netbsdarcinstall"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/arc:</h3>
- It is possible to run <a
+ It is possible to install and run <a
  href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/arc/">NetBSD/arc</a>
  on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the emulator.
-Line 214 
 follow these instructions:
+Line 218 
 follow these instructions:
  <ol start="1">
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
-         $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=900000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=900000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download a NetBSD/arc 1.6.2 CDROM image from ftp:<pre>
+   <li>Download a NetBSD/arc 1.6.2 CDROM image, and a generic NetBSD/arc
+         kernel:<pre>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E arc -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img -d bc:arccd.iso \
+         <b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img -d bc:arccd.iso \
            -j arc/binary/kernel/netbsd.RAMDISK.gz</b>
  </pre>
-Line 230 
 follow these instructions:
+Line 236 
 follow these instructions:
      <p>
    <li>From now on, you have to use your imagination, as there is no
          automatic installation program for NetBSD/arc. Here are some tips
-         and hints on how you can proceed with the install:<pre>
+         and hints on how you can proceed with the install:
-         $ <b>mount /dev/cd0a /mnt2</b>
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
-         $ <b>disklabel -i -I sd0</b>    (for example 'a', '4.2BSD', '1c',
+ <b>mount /dev/cd0a /mnt2
-             '700M', 'b', 'swap', '701M', '$', 'P', 'W', 'y', and 'Q')
+ disklabel -i -I sd0</b>    (for example 'a', '4.2BSD', '1c',
-         $ <b>newfs /dev/sd0a</b>
+     '700M', 'b', 'swap', '701M', '$', 'P', 'W', 'y', and 'Q')
-         $ <b>mount /dev/sd0a /mnt</b>
+ <b>newfs /dev/sd0a
-         $ <b>cd /mnt</b>
+ mount /dev/sd0a /mnt
-         $ <b>for a in /mnt2/arc/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar xzpf $a; done</b>
+ cd /mnt
-         $ <b>cd dev; sh MAKEDEV all</b>
+ for a in /mnt2/arc/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar xzpf $a; done
-         $ <b>cd ../etc; echo "rc_configured=YES" &gt;&gt; rc.conf</b>
+ cd dev; sh MAKEDEV all
-         $ <b>cat > /mnt/etc/fstab</b>
+ cd ../etc; echo "rc_configured=YES" &gt;&gt; rc.conf
-             /dev/sd0a / ffs rw 1 1
+ cat > /mnt/etc/fstab
-             /dev/sd0b none swap sw 0 0
+ /dev/sd0a / ffs rw 1 1
-             (ctrl-d)
+ /dev/sd0b none swap sw 0 0
-         $ <b>cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2</b>
+ </b>(press ctrl-d)<b>
-         $ <b>halt</b>
+ <b>cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2
+ halt</b>
- </pre>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
-   <li>Download a generic NetBSD/arc kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
- </pre>
  </ol>
  <p>You can now use the generic NetBSD/arc kernel to boot from the harddisk
  image, using the following command:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E arc -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
  </pre>
-Line 339 
 than the other models, for some reason.
+Line 341 
 than the other models, for some reason.
  <p>
  These instructions show an example of how to install
- NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro 800:
+ NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro 770:
  <p>
  <ol start="1">
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that you will install NetBSD/hpcmips onto:<pre>
-         $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1990000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1990000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the NetBSD 2.0.2 for hpcmips ISO image:<pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/hpcmips 2.0.2 ISO image, and a generic kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/hpcmipscd.iso">hpcmipscd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/hpcmipscd.iso">hpcmipscd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
- </pre>(You may want to choose a mirror closer to you, if .se is slow.)
+ </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E hpc -e mobilepro800 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img  \
+         <b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -A -d nbsd_hpcmips.img  \
            -d b:hpcmipscd.iso -j hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
-         MobilePro 800. (Install onto wd0, choose "Use entire disk" when
+         MobilePro 770. (Install onto wd0, choose "Use entire disk" when
          doing the MBR partitioning, and choose wd1d (not cd0c) as the
          CDROM device to install from.)
  </ol>
  <p>
  If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image.
- GXemul does not (yet) support reading the kernel directly from the
+ Use the following command line to boot the emulated hpcmips machine:<pre>
- disk image, so you need to download a generic kernel separately:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
- </pre>
- <p>The installation is now complete. Use the following command line to
- boot the emulated hpcmips machine:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E hpc -e mobilepro800 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
  </pre>
  <p>If you change your mind at this point regarding which machine type to
- emulate, you might for example prefer a MobilePro 770, then you can change
+ emulate, you might for example prefer a MobilePro 800, then you can change
- that at any time. NetBSD is designed to be able to boot on many types,
+ that at any time. NetBSD/hpcmips is designed to be able to boot on many
- without any need to change the kernel.
+ types, without any need to change the kernel.
- <p>When you have logged in as root, you can use <b><tt>startx</tt></b> to
+ <p>When you have logged in as <tt>root</tt>, you can use <tt>startx</tt> to
- start X Windows. (Note: There is no mouse support yet; you can only use
+ start X Windows, but there is no mouse support yet so only keyboard input
- keyboard input.)
+ is available. This makes it a bit akward to use X.
-Line 416 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 413 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
  <ol>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
          that you will install NetBSD/cobalt onto:<pre>
-         $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cobalt.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1999000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cobalt.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1999000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt and the 2.0.2 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/cobaltcd.iso">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/cobaltcd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/cobaltcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/cobaltcd.iso</a>
- </pre>(You may want to choose a mirror closer to you, if .se is slow.)
+ </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 according to instructions
          <a href="#netbsdinstall">further up on this page</a>.
    <p>
    <li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -Edec -e3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d cobaltcd.iso -d nbsd_cobalt.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img -d cobaltcd.iso -d nbsd_cobalt.img</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Log in as root (on the emulated 3MAX machine), and execute the
-         following commands: (adjust according to taste)<pre>
+         following commands: (adjust according to taste)
-         <b>newfs /dev/sd1c</b>
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
-         <b>mount /dev/cd0c /mnt</b>
+ <b>newfs /dev/sd1c
-         <b>mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2</b>
+ mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
-         <b>cd /mnt2; sh</b>
+ mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2
-         <b>for a in /mnt/cobalt/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done</b>
+ cd /mnt2; sh
-         <b>exit</b>
+ for a in /mnt/cobalt/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
-         <b>cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc</b>
+ exit
-         <b>echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf</b>
+ cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
-         <b>echo "/dev/wd0d / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab</b>
+ echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; rc.conf
-         <b>cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
+ echo "/dev/wd0d / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
- </pre>
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
  </ol>
  <p>
  You should now be able to boot NetBSD/cobalt like this:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -M128 -E cobalt -d nbsd_cobalt.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -M128 -E cobalt -d nbsd_cobalt.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
  </pre>
  Note that the installation instructions above create a filesystem
-Line 481 
 in GXemul on an emulated Malta evaluatio
+Line 479 
 in GXemul on an emulated Malta evaluatio
  <p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL
  kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/evbmips distribution onto a disk
- image is to install the files is to do it using another (emulated)
+ image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
- machine.
  <p>
  The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/evbmips onto a disk
-Line 490 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 487 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
  <p>
  <ol>
+   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 according to instructions
+         <a href="#netbsdinstall">further up on this page</a>.
+   <p>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
          that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
-         $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_malta.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_malta.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Download the generic kernel and the 2.0.2 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/evbmips-mipselcd.iso">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/evbmips-mipselcd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/evbmips-mipselcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/evbmips-mipselcd.iso</a>
- </pre>(You may want to choose a mirror closer to you, if .se is slow.)
+ </pre>
-   <p>
-   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 according to instructions
-         <a href="#netbsdinstall">further up on this page</a>.
    <p>
    <li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -Edec -e3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d nbsd_malta.img -d evbmips-mipselcd.iso</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img -d nbsd_malta.img -d evbmips-mipselcd.iso</b>
- </pre>
+ </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
-   <li>Log in as root (on the emulated 3MAX machine), and execute the
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
-         following commands: (adjust according to taste)<pre>
+ <b>newfs /dev/sd1c
-         <b>newfs /dev/sd1c</b>
+ mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
-         <b>mount /dev/cd0c /mnt</b>
+ mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2
-         <b>mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2</b>
+ cd /mnt2; sh
-         <b>cd /mnt2; sh</b>
+ for a in /mnt/evbmips-mipsel/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
-         <b>for a in /mnt/evbmips-mipsel/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done</b>
+ exit
-         <b>exit</b>
+ cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
-         <b>cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc</b>
+ echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
-         <b>echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf</b>
+ echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
-         <b>echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab</b>
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
-         <b>cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
- </pre>
  </ol>
- <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbmips like this:<pre>
+ <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbmips using this command:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -Eevbmips -emalta -d nbsd_malta.img netbsd-MALTA.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e malta -d nbsd_malta.img netbsd-MALTA.gz</b>
  </pre>
  <p>Note 1: NetBSD detects a very fast CPU although the emulation isn't
- really very fast, so delays take very long. Even on a multi-GHz host, you
+ really that fast, so emulated delays are very slow. Even on a multi-GHz
- will need a lot of patience.
+ host, you will need a lot of patience.
  <p>Note 2: To select a 4Kc (MIPS32) CPU instead of the default 5Kc
  (MIPS64) CPU, add <tt><b>-C 4Kc</b></tt> to the command line. With NetBSD
-.0.2, however, there will be little or no difference in functionality.
+.0.2, however, there will be little or no difference in functionality, as
- (NetBSD still runs in 32-bit mode on 64-bit MIPS CPUs.)
+ NetBSD still runs in 32-bit mode on 64-bit MIPS CPUs. The only difference
+ it makes in practice is that GXemul's binary translation subsystem might
+ run a bit faster (because there are some optimizations for 32-bit
+ emulation that don't work with 64-bit emulation).
  <p>Note 3: The installation instructions above create a filesystem
  <i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no
-Line 564 
 generic kernel:<pre>
+Line 563 
 generic kernel:<pre>
  in GXemul on an emulated O2 (SGI-IP32). However, GXemul does not yet
  emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in the O2. (I have mailed Adaptec
  several times, asking for documentation, but never received any reply.)
- NetBSD can still run, as long as it doesn't use SCSI.
+ NetBSD can still run in the emulator, as long as it doesn't use SCSI.
  <p>For a simple test with the 2.0.2 ramdisk (install) kernel, try
  dowloading<pre>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
- </pre>and run&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><tt>gxemul -E sgi -e o2 netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</tt></b>.
+ </pre>and run&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><tt>gxemul -e o2 netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</tt></b>.
  <p>It is possible to set up an environment for netbooting the emulated SGI
  machine off of another emulated machine. Performing this setup is quite
-Line 580 
 time consuming, but necessary:
+Line 579 
 time consuming, but necessary:
  <ol>
    <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
          This needs to have a 750 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
-         <a href="#netbsdinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 from CDROM</a>
+         <a href="#netbsdinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 from CDROM</a>.
-         inside the emulator. (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
+         (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
    <p>
    <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
          Start up the emulated DECstation:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -M64 -Edec -e3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>and enter the following commands as <tt>root</tt>
          inside the emulator:
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
-Line 617 
 reboot</b>
+Line 616 
 reboot</b>
          NetBSD/sgimips distribution sets:<br>(NOTE: This
          takes quite some time, even if you have a fast network connection.)
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
- <b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.netbsd.org</b>
+ <b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.uk.netbsd.org</b>
  (log in as anonymous...)
  <b>cd /pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/sgimips/binary/sets
  mget base.tgz comp.tgz etc.tgz games.tgz man.tgz misc.tgz text.tgz
  quit
  sh
- for a in *.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ for a in *.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; rm -f $a; done
  echo 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot / nfs rw 0 0 &gt; /tftpboot/etc/fstab
  echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
  dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32768
-Line 643 
 halt</b>
+Line 642 
 halt</b>
  <b>emul(
      net(
-         add_remote("127.0.0.1:12444")   </b>! the server<b>
+         add_remote("localhost:12444")   </b>! the server<b>
          local_port(12445)               </b>! the client<b>
      )
-Line 666 
 halt</b>
+Line 665 
 halt</b>
  <b>emul(
      net(
          local_port(12444)               </b>! the server<b>
-         add_remote("127.0.0.1:12445")   </b>! the client<b>
+         add_remote("localhost:12445")   </b>! the client<b>
      )
      machine(
-Line 683 
 halt</b>
+Line 682 
 halt</b>
    <li>Boot the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" and the NetBSD/sgimips
          "<tt>client machine</tt>" as two separate emulator instances:<pre>
          in one xterm:
-         $ <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
+         <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
          and then, in another xterm:
-         $ <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
+         <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
  </pre>
    <li>In the NetBSD/sgimips window, choose "<tt>x: Exit Install System</tt>"
-Line 695 
 halt</b>
+Line 694 
 halt</b>
          <b>mount -v 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot /mnt</b>
          <b>cd /mnt/dev; ./MAKEDEV all; cd /; umount /mnt</b>
          <b>halt</b>
- </pre>Then log in as <tt>root</tt> on the server machine and type
+ </pre>Then, once the client machine has halted, log in as <tt>root</tt>
-         <tt><b>reboot</b></tt>.
+         on the server machine and type <tt><b>reboot</b></tt>.
    <p>
    <li>Once everything has been set up correctly, change
          <tt>netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</tt> in <tt>config_client</tt> to
-Line 708 
 run <tt>tcpdump -lnvv</tt> or similar, t
+Line 707 
 run <tt>tcpdump -lnvv</tt> or similar, t
  actually does on the network.
  <p>It should now be possible to boot NetBSD/sgimips using the NetBSD/pmax
- nfs server, using the following commands: (NOTE! Execute these in two
+ nfs server, using the following commands: (NOTE! Execute these two
- separate xterms!)<pre>
+ commands in separate xterms!)<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
+         <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
-         $ <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
+         <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
  </pre>
- <p>When asked for "<tt>root device:</tt>" etc. on the clientmachine, enter
+ <p>When asked for "<tt>root device:</tt>" etc. on the client machine, enter
  the following values:<pre>
          root device: <b>mec0</b>
          dump device:                            <b>(leave blank)</b>
-Line 739 
 to IPv4.
+Line 738 
 to IPv4.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdcatsinstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/cats:</h3>
+ It is possible to install and run
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/cats/">NetBSD/cats</a> in GXemul.
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20051007-netbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-netbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a>
+ <p>
+ To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image, follow these instructions:
+ <p>
+ <ol start="1">
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that you will install NetBSD/cats onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1990000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/cats 2.0.2 ISO image and generic + install kernels:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/catscd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/catscd.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d catscd.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+         and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
+         CATS from CDROM. (Install onto wd0, and choose wd1c (not cd0c) as the
+         CDROM device to install from.)
+ </ol>
+ <p>If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image.
+ Use the following command line to boot the emulated CATS machine:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>When asked for root device, enter <tt>wd0</tt>.
  <p><br>
  <a name="openbsdinstall"></a>
-Line 771 
 common sense and imagination to modify t
+Line 819 
 common sense and imagination to modify t
  <ol>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
-         $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_pmax.img bs=1 count=512 seek=900000000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_pmax.img bs=1 count=512 seek=900000000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Download the entire pmax directory from the ftp server: (approx. 99 MB)<pre>
-         $ <b>wget -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/</a></b>
+         <b>wget -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/</a></b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Execute the following commands:<pre>
+   <li>Execute the following commands:
-         $ <b>mv ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/simpleroot28.fs.gz .</b>
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
-         $ <b>gunzip simpleroot28.fs.gz</b>
+ <b>mv ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/simpleroot28.fs.gz .
-         $ <b>chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b>               &lt;--- make sure
+ gunzip simpleroot28.fs.gz
+ chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b>            &lt;--- make sure
- </pre>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
    <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
          (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
          already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
          to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
-         $ <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax</b>
+         <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator with all three (!) disk images:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -d obsd_pmax.img -d b:simpleroot28.fs -j bsd -d c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -M64 -d obsd_pmax.img -d b:simpleroot28.fs -j bsd -d c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso</b>
  </pre>
-         (If you add <tt><b>-X</b></tt>, you will run with the graphical
+         (If you add <tt>-X</tt>, you will run with the graphical
          framebuffer. This is <i>REALLY</i> slow because the console has to
          scroll a lot during the install. I don't recommend it.)
    <p>
-Line 810 
 common sense and imagination to modify t
+Line 858 
 common sense and imagination to modify t
            <li>When asked for the "<b>root device?</b>", enter <b>rz1</b>.
            <li>At "<b>Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:</b>", press enter.
            <li>At the # prompt, do the following:<pre>
-         $ <b>fsck /dev/rz1a</b>        (and mark the filesystem as clean)
+         <b>fsck /dev/rz1a</b>        (and mark the filesystem as clean)
-         $ <b>mount /dev/rz1a /</b>
+         <b>mount /dev/rz1a /</b>
-         $ <b>mount -t kernfs kern kern</b>
+         <b>mount -t kernfs kern kern</b>
-         $ <b>./install</b>
+         <b>./install</b>
  </pre>
                  and proceed with the install. Good luck. :-)
-Line 828 
 common sense and imagination to modify t
+Line 876 
 common sense and imagination to modify t
          password! The first time you boot up OpenBSD after the install, you
          need to go into single user mode and run <b>passwd root</b> to set
          the root password, or you will not be able to log in at all!<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -d obsd_pmax.img -d 2c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso -j bsd -o '-s'</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d obsd_pmax.img -d 2c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso -j bsd -o '-s'</b>
  </pre>
  While you are at it, you might want to extract the X11 install sets
  as well, as the installer seems to ignore them too. (Perhaps due to a bug
  in the installer, perhaps because of the way I used mkisofs.)
  <p>
  Execute the following commands in the emulator:
- <pre>
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
-         <b>fsck /dev/rz0a</b>
+ <b>fsck /dev/rz0a
-         <b>mount /</b>
+ mount /
-         <b>passwd root</b>
+ passwd root
-         <b>cd /; mount -t cd9660 /dev/rz2c /mnt; sh</b>
+ cd /; mount -t cd9660 /dev/rz2c /mnt; sh
-         <b>for a in /mnt/[xX]*; do tar zxvf $a; done</b>
+ for a in /mnt/[xX]*; do tar zxvf $a; done
-         <b>ln -s /usr/X11R6/bin/Xcfbpmax /usr/X11R6/bin/X</b>
+ ln -s /usr/X11R6/bin/Xcfbpmax /usr/X11R6/bin/X
-         <b>ln -s /dev/fb0 /dev/mouse</b>
+ ln -s /dev/fb0 /dev/mouse
-         <b>echo /usr/X11R6/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf</b>
+ echo /usr/X11R6/lib &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf
-         <b>ldconfig</b>
+ ldconfig
-         <b>sync</b>
+ sync
-         <b>halt</b>
+ halt</b>
- </pre>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
  </ol>
  <p>
-Line 862 
 root password, and so on.
+Line 910 
 root password, and so on.
  Once you have completed the installation procedure, the following command
  will let you boot from the new rootdisk image:
  <pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -X -M64 -o '-aN' -d obsd_pmax.img -j bsd</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -X -M64 -o '-aN' -d obsd_pmax.img -j bsd</b>
  </pre>
  <p>
-Line 885 
 enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are u
+Line 933 
 enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are u
  <a name="openbsdarcinstall"></a>
  <h3>OpenBSD/arc:</h3>
- It is possible to run OpenBSD/arc on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the
+ It is possible to install and run OpenBSD/arc on an emulated Acer PICA-61
- emulator.
+ in the emulator.
  <p>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-Line 907 
 instructions:
+Line 955 
 instructions:
  <ol>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
-         $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Download the entire arc directory from the ftp server: (approx. 75 MB)<pre>
-         $ <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/</a></b>
+         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/</a></b>
  </pre>
-Line 919 
 instructions:
+Line 967 
 instructions:
          (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
          already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
          to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
-         $ <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_arc_2.3.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
+         <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_arc_2.3.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -X -E arc -e pica -d obsd_arc.img -d b:openbsd_arc_2.3.iso -j 2.3/arc/bsd.rd</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e pica -X -A -d obsd_arc.img -d b:openbsd_arc_2.3.iso -j 2.3/arc/bsd.rd</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
-Line 936 
 Once the install has finished, the follo
+Line 984 
 Once the install has finished, the follo
  boot from the harddisk image:
  <p>
  <pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -X -E arc -e pica -d obsd_arc.img ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/bsd</b>
+         <b>gxemul -X -e pica -d obsd_arc.img ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/bsd</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="openbsdcatsinstall"></a>
+ <h3>OpenBSD/cats:</h3>
+ It is possible to install and run
+ <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html">OpenBSD/cats</a>
+ in GXemul.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a>
+ <p>To install OpenBSD/cats onto an emulated harddisk image,
+ follow these instructions:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1900000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the entire cats directory from the ftp server:<pre>
+         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.7/cats/">ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.7/cats/</a></b>
+         <b>cp ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.7/cats/bsd .</b>
+         <b>cp ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.7/cats/bsd.rd .</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
+         (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
+         already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
+         to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
+         <b>mkisofs -allow-lowercase -o openbsd_cats_3.7.iso ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.7/cats</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img -d openbsd_cats_3.7.iso bsd.rd</b>
+ </pre>
+         and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
+         on a real CATS. (Install onto <tt>wd0</tt>, don't configure the
+         network, choose to install distribution sets from <i>disk</i>
+         <tt>wd1</tt> (i.e. not CDROM) partition '<tt>a</tt>',
+         relative path '<tt>/</tt>'.)
+ </ol>
+ <p><b>NOTE:</b> Make sure that you <tt>sync</tt> and <tt>reboot</tt>
+ correctly once the installation is finished, or the <tt>/dev</tt> nodes
+ may not have been written correctly to disk.
+ <p>Once the install has finished, the following command should let you
+ boot from the harddisk image:
+ <p><pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img bsd</b>
  </pre>
-Line 966 
 The following instructions should let yo
+Line 1079 
 The following instructions should let yo
  <ol>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that Ultrix installs itself onto:<pre>
-         $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=rootdisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=800000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=rootdisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=800000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Place your Ultrix installation media in your CDROM drive.
          (On FreeBSD and similar systems, it is called <tt>/dev/cd0c</tt>.
          Replace that with the name of your CDROM drive, or the name of a
          .iso image file.) Then, start the emulator like this:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -X -M64 -E dec -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d bc:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>
+         <b>gxemul -X -A -M64 -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d bc:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Once the first stage of the installation is done (restoring the root
-Line 981 
 The following instructions should let yo
+Line 1094 
 The following instructions should let yo
          new rootdisk, to continue the installation process.
          This is done by removing the bootflag ('<tt>b</tt>') from the second
          diskimage argument:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -X -M64 -E dec -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d c:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>
+         <b>gxemul -X -A -M64 -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d c:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>
  </pre>
  </ol>
-Line 989 
 The following instructions should let yo
+Line 1102 
 The following instructions should let yo
  <p>
  When the installation is completed, the following command should start
  Ultrix from the harddisk image:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -X -M64 -E dec -e 3max -j vmunix -d rootdisk.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -X -A -M64 -e 3max -j vmunix -d rootdisk.img</b>
  </pre>
  <p>Ultrix mostly seems to work with dynamic binary translation (which can
-Line 1011 
 There is also a <b><tt>-z</tt></b> optio
+Line 1124 
 There is also a <b><tt>-z</tt></b> optio
  displays to use. The following example starts Ultrix on an emulated
  tripple-headed workstation, on three different displays (<tt>remote1:0.0</tt>,
  <tt>localhost:0.0</tt>, and <tt>remote2:0.0</tt>), using no scaledown:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -M64 -N -E dec -e 3max -jgenvmunix -d rootdisk.img \
+         <b>gxemul -M64 -N -e 3max -jgenvmunix -d rootdisk.img \
              -XZ3 -z remote1:0.0 -z localhost:0.0 -z remote2:0.0</b>
  </pre>
-Line 1078 
 The following instructions should let yo
+Line 1191 
 The following instructions should let yo
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator with the following command line:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -X -E dec -e 3max -M128 -d ds5000.bt -j vmsprite -o ''</b>
+         <b>gxemul -X -e 3max -M128 -d ds5000.bt -j vmsprite -o ''</b>
  </pre>
  </ol>
-Line 1121 
 start the X11 environment.
+Line 1234 
 start the X11 environment.
  <font color="#ef0000">NOTE: This is experimental, and <i>extremely</i>
  unstable. During my tests, even pressing the wrong key during the install
  (for example the wrong cursor key) can cause a kernel Oops. My success
- rate is probably around 50%.
+ rate is probably around 50%.</font>
- <p>I <i>think</i> this has to do with interrupts from the serial controller.
+ <p><font color="#ef0000">I <i>think</i> this has to do with interrupts
- Hopefully using the <tt><b>-U</b></tt> command line option will reduce the
+ from the serial controller. Hopefully using the <tt><b>-U</b></tt> command
- risk for such crashes. (I haven't had time to come up with a clean
+ line option will reduce the risk for such crashes. (I haven't had time to
- solution to this yet; it feels like a buffer overflow in Linux' serial
+ come up with a clean solution to this yet; it feels like a buffer overflow
- driver for the 5000/200, but it is also likely that it is a bug in GXemul.)
+ in Linux' serial driver for the 5000/200, but it is also likely that it is
+ a bug in GXemul.)</font>
- <p>Everything runs extremely slow. Even if you have a very fast host
+ <p><font color="#ef0000">Everything runs extremely slow. Even if you have
- machine, an install attempt can still take several hours! </font>
+ a very fast host machine, an install attempt can still take several hours!
+ </font>
  <p>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-Line 1150 
 onto a harddisk image:
+Line 1265 
 onto a harddisk image:
  <ol>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that Debian installs itself onto:<pre>
-         $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Download an install kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img</a>
+         <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/</a>
+             <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>For a text-mode installation, start the emulator like this:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img -O boot.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img -O boot.img</b>
  </pre>
          (If you want to, you can try <b><tt>-X</tt></b> instead of
-Line 1181 
 onto a harddisk image:
+Line 1297 
 onto a harddisk image:
    <li>Once the first phase of the install has finished, the following command
          should let you boot into Debian, and perform post-install
          configuration:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img</b>
  </pre>Note: All these steps take a lot of time, so you will have plenty
          of time to drink lots of cups of coffee.
-Line 1191 
 onto a harddisk image:
+Line 1307 
 onto a harddisk image:
          installation is finished and you're supposed to get a login prompt,
          you need to press CTRL-C and type <b><tt>quit</tt></b>, and then:
          download a normal kernel (<i>not</i> a RAMDISK kernel):<pre>
-         <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</a>
+         <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/</a>
+             <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</a>
  </pre>and boot Debian using the following command line:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -M64 -o \
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -M64 -o \
              'console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh' \
              -d debian.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b>
-Line 1213 
 The system should now be ready for every
+Line 1330 
 The system should now be ready for every
  <p>
  Use this command to boot from the completely installed disk image:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img</b>
  </pre>
-Line 1225 
 support for keyboards now, on DECstation
+Line 1342 
 support for keyboards now, on DECstation
  possible to run Debian GNU/Linux with framebuffer/keyboard.
  (Add <b><tt>-X</tt></b> (or <b><tt>-XY2</tt></b>) and remove the
  <b><tt>console=ttyS3</tt></b> option.) He has made a kernel available here:
- <a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation">
+ <a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels/">http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels</a>/<a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation">vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation</a>
- http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation</a>
  It has other problems (ethernet doesn't seem to work, for
  example), but at least it doesn't Oops that often.&nbsp;]
-Line 1254 
 The following steps should let you run R
+Line 1370 
 The following steps should let you run R
  <p>
  <ol>
    <li>Download a kernel. This is a Debian kernel, but it works fine:<pre>
-         <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</a>
+         <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/</a>
+             <a href="http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Download a root filesystem tree:<pre>
-Line 1283 
 The following steps should let you run R
+Line 1400 
 The following steps should let you run R
  </pre>(Note sda1 instead of sdc1.)
    <p>
    <li>To boot Linux, start the emulator like this:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -M128 -o \
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -M128 -o \
              "console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b>
  </pre>
-Line 1291 
 The following steps should let you run R
+Line 1408 
 The following steps should let you run R
  <p>
  If you need to boot into single user mode, try the following:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -o "console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh" \
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -U -o "console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh" \
              -d redhat.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b>
  </pre>
-Line 1311 
 actually interact with the sytem. :-(
+Line 1428 
 actually interact with the sytem. :-(
  Read the 2005-01-19 update in the Debian section above, and then, if
  you do not need ethernet support, try Kaj-Michael Lang's kernel compiled
  from <a href="http://www.linux-mips.org/">linux-mips</a>' CVS.
- <a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/patches/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation">
+ <a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels/">http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels</a>/<a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation">vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation</a>
- http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/patches/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation</a>
  It should work with framebuffer/keyboard.&nbsp;]
-Line 1355 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
+Line 1471 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
  <p>
  <ol>
    <li>Compile gxemul with cache emulation: (<b>NOTE: --enable-caches</b>)<pre>
-         $ <b>./configure --enable-caches; make</b>
+         <b>./configure --enable-caches; make</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Download the pmax binary distribution for Mach 3.0:<pre>
-         <a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z</a>
+         <a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/</a>
+             <a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z</a>
          7263343 bytes, md5 = f9d76c240a6e169921a1df99ad560cc0
  </pre>
    <li>Extract the Mach kernel:<pre>
-         $ <b>tar xfvz pmax.tar.Z pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b>
+         <b>tar xfvz pmax.tar.Z pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Create an empty disk image:<pre>
-         $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=disk.img bs=1 count=512 seek=400000000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=disk.img bs=1 count=512 seek=400000000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Load the contents of pmax.tar.Z onto the disk image. This is
-Line 1385 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
+Line 1502 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
          cd /; sync; umount /mnt</i>)
          <p>
    <li>Start the emulator with the following command:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -X -d disk.img \
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -X -d disk.img \
              pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b>
  </pre>
-Line 1414 
 it works.</font>
+Line 1531 
 it works.</font>
  <p>GXemul does not yet emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in the O2. (I have
  mailed Adaptec several times, asking for documentation, but never received
- any reply.) OpenBSD/sgi can still run, as long as it doesn't use SCSI. For
+ any reply.) OpenBSD/sgi can still run in the emulator, as long as it doesn't
- a simple test with the ramdisk (install) kernel, try dowloading<pre>
+ use SCSI. For a simple test with the ramdisk (install) kernel, try dowloading<pre>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.7/sgi/bsd.rd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.7/sgi/bsd.rd</a>
- </pre>and run <b><tt>gxemul -E sgi -e o2 bsd.rd</tt></b>.
+ </pre>and run <b><tt>gxemul -e o2 bsd.rd</tt></b>.
  <p>It might also be possible to netboot. Another emulated machine must
  then be used as the nfs root server, and the emulated O2 machine must boot
- as a <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=diskless&manpath=OpenBSD+Current&format=html">diskless</a>
+ as a <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=diskless&amp;manpath=OpenBSD+Current&amp;format=html">diskless</a>
  client. Performing this setup is quite time consuming, but necessary:
  <p>
  <ol>
    <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
          This needs to have a 800 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
-         <a href="#netbsdinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 from CDROM</a>
+         <a href="#netbsdinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 from CDROM</a>.
-         inside the emulator. (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
+         (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
    <p>
    <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
          Start up the emulated DECstation:<pre>
-         $ <b>gxemul -M64 -Edec -e3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>and enter the following commands as <tt>root</tt>
          inside the emulator:
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
-Line 1452 
 echo "10:20:30:00:00:10 client" &gt; /et
+Line 1569 
 echo "10:20:30:00:00:10 client" &gt; /et
  echo 10.0.0.1 client &gt; /etc/hosts
  reboot</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
-   <li>Start the DECstation emulation again, and download the
+   <li>Start the DECstation emulation again, and enter the following
-         OpenBSD/sgi distribution:<br>(NOTE: This
+         commands to download the OpenBSD/sgi distribution:<br>(NOTE: This
          takes quite some time, even if you have a fast network connection.)
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
  <b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>
  (log in as anonymous...)
  <b>cd pub/OpenBSD/3.7/sgi
- mget b* c* e* g* m*
+ mget b*tgz c* e* g* m*
  quit
  sh
  for a in *.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
  echo 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot / nfs rw 0 0 &gt; /tftpboot/etc/fstab
+ rm *.tgz
  dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32768
  halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
-Line 1485 
 halt</b>
+Line 1603 
 halt</b>
  <b>emul(
      net(
-         add_remote("127.0.0.1:12444")   </b>! the server<b>
+         add_remote("localhost:12444")   </b>! the server<b>
          local_port(12445)               </b>! the client<b>
      )
-Line 1508 
 halt</b>
+Line 1626 
 halt</b>
  <b>emul(
      net(
          local_port(12444)               </b>! the server<b>
-         add_remote("127.0.0.1:12445")   </b>! the client<b>
+         add_remote("localhost:12445")   </b>! the client<b>
      )
      machine(
-Line 1525 
 halt</b>
+Line 1643 
 halt</b>
    <li>Boot the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" and the OpenBSD/sgi
          "<tt>client machine</tt>" as two separate emulator instances:<pre>
          in one xterm:
-         $ <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
+         <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
          and then, in another xterm:
-         $ <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
+         <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>In the OpenBSD/sgi window, choose "S" (for Shell), and type:
+   <li>In the OpenBSD/sgi window, choose "<tt>s</tt>" (for Shell), and type:
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
  <b>ifconfig mec0 10.0.0.1; route add default 10.0.0.254
  mount -v 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot /mnt
  cd /mnt/dev; ./MAKEDEV all; cd /; umount /mnt
  halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
+         You might want to log in as <tt>root</tt> on the server machine, and
+         run <tt>tcpdump -lnvv</tt> or similar, to see that what the client
+         machine actually does on the network. The <tt>MAKEDEV</tt> script
+         takes almost forever, so be patient.
  </ol>
- <p>You might want to log in as <tt>root</tt> on the server machine, and
- run <tt>tcpdump -lnvv</tt> or similar, to see that what the client machine
- actually does on the network. The <tt>MAKEDEV</tt> script takes almost
- forever, so be patient.
  <p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE: Everything up to this point should work.
  However, the next step (in gray) doesn't actually work:</font>
-Line 1572 
 fetch several cups of coffee for each of
+Line 1690 
 fetch several cups of coffee for each of
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdnetwinderinstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/netwinder:</h3>
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/netwinder/">NetBSD/netwinder</a>
+ could possibly run in GXemul. <font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font>
+ <p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL
+ kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/netwinder distribution onto a disk
+ image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
+ <p>
+ The following instructions will let you install the NetBSD/netwinder
+ distribution onto a disk image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0.2 according to instructions
+         <a href="#netbsdinstall">further up on this page</a>.
+   <p>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
+         that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_netwinder.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the generic kernel and the 2.0.2 ISO image:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0.2/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/netwindercd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0.2/netwindercd.iso</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -A -d nbsd_pmax.img -d nbsd_netwinder.img -d netwinder.iso</b>
+ </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>newfs /dev/sd1c
+ mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
+ mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2
+ cd /mnt2; sh
+ for a in /mnt/netwinder/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ exit
+ cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
+ echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
+ echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+ </ol>
+ <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbmips using this command:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -E netwinder -d nbsd_netwinder.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>Note: The installation instructions above create a filesystem
+ <i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no
+ swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the
+ generic kernel:<pre>
+         root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b>
+         dump device (default wd0b): <b>none</b>
+         file system (default generic):    <i>(just press enter)</i>
+         init path (default /sbin/init):   <i>(just press enter)</i>
+ </pre>

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