/[gxemul]/trunk/doc/guestoses.html

This is repository of my old source code which isn't updated any more. Go to git.rot13.org for current projects!

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-revision 30 by dpavlin,
Mon Oct  8 16:20:40 2007 UTC
+revision 40 by dpavlin,
Mon Oct  8 16:22:11 2007 UTC
 Line 10
  <!--
- $Id: guestoses.html,v 1.169 2006/08/15 15:38:37 debug Exp $
+ $Id: guestoses.html,v 1.219 2007/05/01 04:03:34 debug Exp $
- Copyright (C) 2003-2006  Anders Gavare.  All rights reserved.
+ Copyright (C) 2003-2007  Anders Gavare.  All rights reserved.
  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 Line 48 
 SUCH DAMAGE.
  <p>
  <ul>
    <li><a href="#generalnotes">General notes on running "guest OSes"</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">NetBSD/pmax 3.0.1 or 1.6.2</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">NetBSD/pmax 3.1 or 1.6.2</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdarcinstall">NetBSD/arc 1.6.2</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdhpcmipsinstall">NetBSD/hpcmips 3.0.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdhpcmipsinstall">NetBSD/hpcmips 3.1</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdcobaltinstall">NetBSD/cobalt 3.0.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdcobaltinstall">NetBSD/cobalt 3.1</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips 3.0.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips 3.1</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdalgorinstall">NetBSD/algor 3.0.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdalgorinstall">NetBSD/algor 3.1</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdsgimips">NetBSD/sgimips 3.0.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdsgimips">NetBSD/sgimips 3.1</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">NetBSD/cats 3.0.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">NetBSD/cats 3.1</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdevbarminstall">NetBSD/evbarm 2.1</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdnetwinderinstall">NetBSD/netwinder 3.0.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdnetwinderinstall">NetBSD/netwinder 3.1</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdprepinstall">NetBSD/prep 2.1</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdmacppcinstall">NetBSD/macppc 3.1</a>
+   <li><a href="dreamcast.html#netbsd_generic_md">NetBSD/dreamcast 3.1</a>
+   <li><a href="dreamcast.html#linux_live_cd">Linux/dreamcast</a>
    <li><a href="#openbsdpmaxinstall">OpenBSD/pmax 2.8-BETA</a>
-   <li><a href="#openbsdcatsinstall">OpenBSD/cats 3.9</a>
+   <li><a href="#openbsdcatsinstall">OpenBSD/cats 4.0</a>
+   <li><a href="#openbsdlandiskinstall">OpenBSD/landisk 4.1</a>
    <li><a href="#ultrixinstall">Ultrix/RISC 4.5</a>
    <li><a href="#sprite">Sprite for DECstation</a>
    <li><a href="#declinux">Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation</a>
-   <li><a href="#declinuxredhat">Redhat Linux for DECstation</a>
  </ul>
-Line 92 
 updated; if new versions have been relea
+Line 95 
 updated; if new versions have been relea
  well.
  <p>In addition to the "working" guest operating systems listed above,
- you might find the following information interesting: (Some of these might
+ you might find the following information interesting:
- not be relevant for this specific release of GXemul.)
  <ul>
    <li><a href="#mach">Mach/PMAX</a>
+   <li><a href="#declinuxredhat">Redhat Linux for DECstation</a>
    <li><a href="#openbsdsgiinstall">OpenBSD/sgi</a>
    <li><a href="#openbsdarcinstall">OpenBSD/arc 2.3</a>
    <li><a href="#debiancats">Debian GNU/Linux for CATS</a>
+   <!-- <li><a href="#linux_malta">Linux/Malta</a> -->
    <li><a href="#linux_qemu_mips">Linux/QEMU_MIPS</a>
    <li><a href="#windows_nt_mips">Windows NT/MIPS</a>
-   <li><a href="#netbsdmacppcinstall">NetBSD/macppc 3.0</a>
    <li><a href="#netbsdbeboxinstall">NetBSD/bebox 19981119</a>
+   <li><a href="#netbsdlandiskinstall">NetBSD/landisk</a>
  </ul>
+ <p><b><font color="#ff0000">NOTE:</b>
+ Some of these sections may not be relevant to this
+ specific release of GXemul,</font> for example some of these
+ modes may be legacy modes that worked before but not any longer,
+ or are not yet working but could be in the future.
  <p>Some operating systems are listed with a version number <i>less</i>
  than what was available at the time of this GXemul release (e.g.
  NetBSD/prep). The reasons for this is because of incompleteness in
-Line 128 
 onto a disk image in GXemul. The device
+Line 138 
 onto a disk image in GXemul. The device
 /200 is reasonably complete; it should be enough to emulate a
  networked X-windows-capable workstation.
  <p>NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2 works perfectly with X out-of-the-box. Unfortunately,
- newer NetBSD releases have changed slightly, and nowadays X does not
+ newer NetBSD releases have changed slightly, and X does not work straight
- work straight away. (It seems that this has to do with NetBSD switching
+ away with NetBSD 2.x and 3.x. It seems that this has to do with NetBSD
- console system to "WSCONS" somewhere between 1.6.2 and 2.0. I haven't had
+ switching console system to "WSCONS" somewhere between 1.6.2 and 2.0.
- time to figure out how to make it work; at worst it might require a kernel
- recompilation.) What this means is that if you want to use emulated X11,
+ <p>What this means is that if you want to use emulated X11, then you need
- then you need to run NetBSD 1.6.2. If you feel that you only need
+ to run NetBSD 1.6.2. At the time of writing this, 4.0_BETA snapshots work
- serial-console emulation, then choose the latest NetBSD version available.
+ fine too, but 4.0 isn't released yet. If you feel that you only need
+ serial-console emulation, then choose 3.1.
  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a href="20050317-example.png"><img src="20050317-example_small.png"></a>
-Line 146 
 follow these instructions:
+Line 157 
 follow these instructions:
  <p><ol start="1">
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1900000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
  </pre>
  </ol>
-Line 163 
 steps:
+Line 174 
 steps:
    <li>Download a NetBSD CD-ROM iso image:<pre>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso</a>
          or
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/pmaxcd-3.0.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/pmaxcd-3.0.1.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/pmaxcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/pmaxcd-3.1.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d bc:pmaxcd-3.0.1.iso</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d bc:pmaxcd-3.1.iso</b>
          (or <b>pmaxcd.iso</b>)
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
-Line 182 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
+Line 193 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
    <li>Download a NetBSD pmax INSTALL kernel:<pre>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
          or
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>
-Line 203 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
+Line 214 
 For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 a
  </pre>
          (If using 10.0.0.254 as the nameserver fails, then try entering the
          IP number of a real-world nameserver instead.)
+         <p>
+         Note that NetBSD 1.6.2 is nowadays located at
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2</a>
+         (note <tt>NetBSD-archive</tt> part).
  </ol>
  <p>If you want to use a graphical framebuffer during the install, you can
-Line 216 
 NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre>
+Line 231 
 NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>
- <p>If you installed NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2, then try the following to start
+ <p>If you installed NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2, or 4.0_BETA, then try the
- with a framebuffer:<pre>
+ following to start with a framebuffer:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -X -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>
  and log in as <tt>root</tt> and type <tt>startx</tt> to start X windows.
-Line 249 
 harddisk image, follow these instruction
+Line 264 
 harddisk image, follow these instruction
  <ol start="1">
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=900000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Download a NetBSD/arc 1.6.2 CDROM image, and a generic NetBSD/arc
-Line 259 
 harddisk image, follow these instruction
+Line 274 
 harddisk image, follow these instruction
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img -d bc:arccd.iso \
+         <b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img -d bc:arccd.iso -j arc/binary/kernel/netbsd.RAMDISK.gz</b>
-           -j arc/binary/kernel/netbsd.RAMDISK.gz</b>
  </pre>
          (Try removing <tt>-x</tt> if you have problems with the xterm.)
-Line 307 
 image, using the following command:<pre>
+Line 321 
 image, using the following command:<pre>
  It is possible to install <a
  href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/hpcmips/">NetBSD/hpcmips</a> onto a disk
- image, on an an emulated MobilePro 770, 780, 800, or 880. The emulator
+ image, on an an emulated MobilePro 770 or 800. (MobilePro 780 and 880 might
- treats the different machine models as being almost identical; the most
+ work too, but I don't test those for every release of the emulator. They
- important difference is regarding the framebuffer.
+ have unaligned framebuffers, and run a bit slower.)
- <p><table border="0">
-         <tr>
-                 <td width="80">&nbsp;</td>
-                 <td><u>Model:</u></td>
-                 <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
-                 <td><u>Framebuffer size/depth:</u></td>
-                 <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
-                 <td><u>Framebuffer address:</u></td>
-         </tr>
-         <tr>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>MobilePro 770 (<super>*2</super>)</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>640 x 240, 16 bits</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>0xa000000</td>
-         </tr>
-         <tr>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>MobilePro 780</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>640 x 240, 16 bits</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>0xa180100 (<super>*</super>)</td>
-         </tr>
-         <tr>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>MobilePro 800</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>800 x 600, 16 bits</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>0xa000000</td>
-         </tr>
-         <tr>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>MobilePro 880</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>800 x 600, 16 bits</td>
-                 <td></td>
-                 <td>0xa0ea600 (<super>*</super>)</td>
-         </tr>
- </table>
- <p>
- (<super>*</super>) = not aligned at a page boundary, so it will not work
- efficiently with the current dyntrans system. Using this mode will still
- work, but each load and store will be emulated much more slowly than is
- possible with an aligned framebuffer.
- <p>
- (<super>*2</super>) = The MobilePro 770's cursor keys work differently
- than the other models, for some reason. (This is a known bug.)
  <p>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-Line 378 
 NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro
+Line 339 
 NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro
  <ol start="1">
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that you will install NetBSD/hpcmips onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the NetBSD/hpcmips 3.0.1 ISO image, and a generic kernel:<pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/hpcmips 3.1 ISO image, and a generic kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/hpcmipscd-3.0.1.iso">hpcmipscd-3.0.1.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/hpcmipscd-3.1.iso">hpcmipscd-3.1.iso</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img  \
+         <b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img -d b:hpcmipscd-3.1.iso -j hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz</b>
-           -d b:hpcmipscd-3.0.1.iso -j hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
-Line 404 
 Use the following command line to boot t
+Line 364 
 Use the following command line to boot t
  </pre>
- <p>If you change your mind at this point regarding which machine type to
- emulate, you might for example prefer a MobilePro 800, then you can change
- that at any time. NetBSD/hpcmips is designed to be able to boot on many
- types, without any need to change the kernel.
  <p>When you have logged in as <tt>root</tt>, you can use <tt>startx</tt> to
  start X Windows, but there is no mouse support yet so only keyboard input
  is available. This makes it a bit akward to use X.
-Line 441 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 396 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
  <p>
  <ol>
    <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
-Line 449 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 404 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cobalt.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt and the 3.0.1 ISO image:<pre>
+   <li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/cobaltcd-3.0.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/cobaltcd-3.0.1.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/cobaltcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/cobaltcd-3.1.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_cobalt.img -d cobaltcd-3.0.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_cobalt.img -d cobaltcd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Log in as root (on the emulated 3MAX machine), and execute the
+   <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
-         following commands: (adjust according to taste)
+ to simulate a CTRL-C sent to NetBSD/pmax. Then execute the following commands:
  <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
  <b>newfs /dev/sd0c
  mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
-Line 516 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 471 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
  <p>
  <ol>
    <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
-Line 524 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 479 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_malta.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the Malta kernel and the 3.0.1 ISO image:<pre>
+   <li>Download the Malta kernel and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/evbmips-mipselcd-3.0.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/evbmips-mipselcd-3.0.1.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/evbmips-mipselcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/evbmips-mipselcd-3.1.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_malta.img -d evbmips-mipselcd-3.0.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_malta.img -d evbmips-mipselcd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
  </pre>
    <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
-Line 551 
 cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b
+Line 506 
 cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b
  </ol>
  <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbmips using this command:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e malta -d nbsd_malta.img netbsd-MALTA.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -x -e malta -d nbsd_malta.img netbsd-MALTA.gz</b>
  </pre>
  <p>NOTE: To select a 4Kc (MIPS32) CPU instead of the default 5Kc
  (MIPS64) CPU, add <tt><b>-C 4Kc</b></tt> to the command line. With NetBSD
-.0.1, however, there will be little or no difference in functionality, as
+.1, however, there will be little or no difference in functionality, as
  NetBSD still runs in 32-bit mode on 64-bit MIPS CPUs. There are two things
  that differ:<ol>
    <li>The dynamic translation core runs faster when emulating 32-bit
-Line 607 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 562 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
  <p>
  <ol>
    <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
-Line 615 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
+Line 570 
 image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_algor.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the P5064 Algor kernel and the 3.0.1 ISO image:<pre>
+   <li>Download the P5064 Algor kernel and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/algor/binary/kernel/netbsd-P5064.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/algor/binary/kernel/netbsd-P5064.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/algor/binary/kernel/netbsd-P5064.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/algor/binary/kernel/netbsd-P5064.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/algorcd-3.0.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/algorcd-3.0.1.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/algorcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/algorcd-3.1.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_algor.img -d algorcd-3.0.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_algor.img -d algorcd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
  </pre>
    <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
-Line 682 
 NetBSD can still run in the emulator, as
+Line 637 
 NetBSD can still run in the emulator, as
  <p>For a simple test with the ramdisk/install kernel, try
  dowloading<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
  </pre>and run&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><tt>gxemul -x -e o2 netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</tt></b>.
-Line 694 
 time consuming, but necessary:
+Line 649 
 time consuming, but necessary:
  <ol>
    <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
          This needs to have a 750 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
-         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0.1 from CDROM</a>.
+         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.1 from CDROM</a>.
          (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
    <p>
    <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
-Line 702 
 time consuming, but necessary:
+Line 657 
 time consuming, but necessary:
          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
  </pre>and enter the following commands as <tt>root</tt>
          inside the emulator:
- <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
  <b>echo hostname=server &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
  echo ifconfig_le0=\"inet 10.0.0.2\" &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
  echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /etc/resolv.conf
-Line 727 
 client:\
+Line 682 
 client:\
  echo 10.0.0.1 client &gt; /etc/hosts
  reboot</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
-   <li>Start the DECstation emulation again, and download the
+   <p>
-         NetBSD/sgimips distribution sets:<br>(NOTE: This
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/sgimips CD-ROM iso image, and the
-         takes quite some time, even if you have a fast network connection.)
+         GENERIC and INSTALL kernels:<pre>
- <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/sgimipscd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/sgimipscd-3.1.iso</a>
- <b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.netbsd.org</b>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz</a>
- (log in as anonymous...)
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
- <b>cd /pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/sgimips/binary/sets
- mget base.tgz comp.tgz etc.tgz games.tgz man.tgz misc.tgz text.tgz
+ </pre>
- quit
+   <li>Start the DECstation emulation again:<pre>
- sh
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d sgimipscd-3.1.iso</b>
- for a in *.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; rm -f $a; done
+ </pre>and extract the files from the sgimips CD-ROM image to the
+         DECstation disk image:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>cd /tftpboot; mount /dev/cd0a /mnt
+ for a in /mnt/sgimips/binary/sets/[bcegmt]*; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
  echo 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot / nfs rw 0 0 &gt; /tftpboot/etc/fstab
  echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
- dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32768
+ echo 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/mygate
- halt</b>
+ echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/resolv.conf
+ echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
+ dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=65536
+ cd /; umount /mnt; halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
-   <li>Download the NetBSD/sgimips GENERIC and INSTALL kernels:<pre>
+   <p>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
- </pre>
    <li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>:
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
  <font color="#2020cf">!  Configuration file for running NetBSD/sgimips diskless with
-Line 865 
 To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image
+Line 824 
 To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image
  <ol start="1">
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that you will install NetBSD/cats onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the NetBSD/cats 3.0.1 ISO image and the generic and install kernels:<pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/cats 3.1 ISO image and the generic and install kernels:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/catscd-3.0.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/catscd-3.0.1.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/catscd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/catscd-3.1.iso</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d catscd-3.0.1.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d catscd-3.1.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
-Line 884 
 To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image
+Line 843 
 To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image
  </ol>
  <p>Alternatively, to install from FTP, you can skip downloading the ISO,
- and start the install without <tt>-d catscd-3.0.1.iso</tt>. Suitable network
+ and start the install without <tt>-d catscd-3.1.iso</tt>. Suitable network
  settings are IP 10.0.0.1, gateway/default route 10.0.0.254, netmask
 .0.0.0, nameserver 10.0.0.254.
-Line 919 
 image, from an emulated CATS machine:
+Line 878 
 image, from an emulated CATS machine:
  <p>
  <ol>
-   <li>Install NetBSD/cats 3.0.1 according to instructions
+   <li>Download a NetBSD/cats 3.1 ramdisk kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">further up on this page</a>.
+         <b>wget <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a></b>
-   <p>
+ </pre>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
-         that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
+         that you will install NetBSD/evbarm onto:<pre>
          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_iq80321.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
  </pre>
-Line 933 
 image, from an emulated CATS machine:
+Line 893 
 image, from an emulated CATS machine:
  </pre>
    <p>
-   <li>The first step is to copy the .tgz files we want onto the CATS
+   <li>Now let's extract the files from the CD-ROM image onto the IQ80321's disk image. Start the
-         machine's harddisk. Start the CATS machine like this:<pre>
+         CATS machine using the following command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d evbarmcd.iso netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_iq80321.img -d evbarmcd.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
- </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
+ </pre>Exit from the installer, and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
  <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
- <b>mount /dev/cd0a /mnt; cd /root; cp /mnt/evbarm/binary/sets/[bcegmt]* .
- sync; halt</b>
- </pre></td></tr></table>
-   <p>
-   <li>Now let's extract the files onto the IQ80321's disk image. Start the
-         CATS machine again, with the following command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b>
- </pre>and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
+ <b>disklabel -I -i wd0</b>
- <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
- <b>disklabel -I -i wd1</b>
      (enter suitable commands, e.g. <i>a, 4.2BSD, 1c, 750M, b,
       swap, a, 200M, P, W, y, Q</i>)
- <b>newfs /dev/wd1a; mount /dev/wd1a /mnt; cd /mnt; sh
+ <b>newfs /dev/wd0a; mount /dev/wd0a /mnt2; cd /mnt2
- for a in /root/[bcegmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ mount /dev/cd0a /mnt; sh
+ for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcegmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
  exit
  cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
  echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; rc.conf
  echo "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1" &gt; fstab
  echo "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0" &gt;&gt; fstab
- cd /; umount /mnt; sync; halt</b>
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; sync; halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
  </ol>
  <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbarm using this command:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -xEiq80321 -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -x -E iq80321 -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz</b>
  </pre>
-Line 996 
 emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
+Line 948 
 emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
  <p>
  <ol>
    <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
-Line 1004 
 emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
+Line 956 
 emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_netwinder.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
  </pre>
-   <li>Download the generic kernel and the 3.0.1 ISO image:<pre>
+   <li>Download the generic kernel and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/netwindercd-3.0.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0.1/netwindercd-3.0.1.iso</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/netwindercd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/netwindercd-3.1.iso</a>
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_netwinder.img -d netwindercd-3.0.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_netwinder.img -d netwindercd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
  </pre>
    <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
-Line 1076 
 generic kernel:<pre>
+Line 1028 
 generic kernel:<pre>
  <a name="netbsdprepinstall"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/prep:</h3>
- It is possible to install and run
+ It is possible to install and run <a
- <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/prep/">NetBSD/prep</a> 2.1 in GXemul
+ href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/prep/">NetBSD/prep</a> 2.1 in GXemul on
- on an emulated IBM 6050 (PowerPC) machine. (NetBSD 3.0 uses the wdc
+ an emulated IBM 6050 (PowerPC) machine. (Newer versions of NetBSD/prep use
- controller in a way which isn't implemented in GXemul yet.)
+ the wdc controller in a way which isn't implemented in GXemul yet, or
+ there are bugs in GXemul's PowerPC CPU emulation.)
  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a href="20051123-netbsd-prep.png"><img src="20051123-netbsd-prep_small.png"></a>
-Line 1100 
 controller in a way which isn't implemen
+Line 1053 
 controller in a way which isn't implemen
  </pre>
    <p>
    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
-     <b>gxemul -x -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img -d rdb:prepcd.iso -j prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+     <b>gxemul -X -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img -d rdb:prepcd.iso -j prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
  </pre>
    <p>
-Line 1153 
 controller in a way which isn't implemen
+Line 1106 
 controller in a way which isn't implemen
  <p>If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image.
  Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -x -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+         <b>gxemul -X -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
  </pre>
-Line 1172 
 system type, and init path.
+Line 1125 
 system type, and init path.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdmacppcinstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/macppc:</h3>
+ It is possible to install and run <a
+ href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/macppc/">NetBSD/macppc</a> in GXemul on
+ an emulated generic PowerPC machine. No specific Machintosh model is
+ emulated, but it is enough to for NetBSD to recognize it.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20070318-netbsd-macppc.png"><img src="20070318-netbsd-macppc_small.png"></a>
+ <p>To install NetBSD/macppc onto a disk image, follow these instructions:
+ <p>
+ <ol start="1">
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that you will install NetBSD/macppc onto:<pre>
+     <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_macppc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the NetBSD/macppc 3.1 ISO image and a generic kernel:<pre>
+     <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/macppccd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/macppccd-3.1.iso</a>
+     <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/macppc/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/macppc/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
+     <b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img -d b:macppccd-3.1.iso -j macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+         and continue as you would do when installing NetBSD on a real
+         machine.
+   <p>
+   <li>Before turning the emulated machine off, quit the NetBSD installer
+         and execute the following commands:<pre>
+         <b>cd /; mount /dev/wd0a /mnt
+         echo 'console "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" vt100 on secure' > /mnt/etc/ttys
+         echo 'rc_configured=YES' >> /mnt/etc/rc.conf
+         umount /mnt; sync
+         reboot</b>
+ </pre>
+ </ol>
+ <p>If everything worked, NetBSD/macppc should now be installed on
+ the disk image.
+ <p>Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>If asked about <tt>root device</tt>, enter <tt><b>wd0</b></tt>.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsddreamcast"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/dreamcast:</h3>
+ Moved <a href="dreamcast.html#netbsd_generic_md">here</a>.
-Line 1248 
 chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b>           &lt;--- ma
+Line 1284 
 chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b>           &lt;--- ma
            <li>At the # prompt, do the following:<pre>
          <b>fsck /dev/rz1a</b>        (and mark the filesystem as clean)
          <b>mount /dev/rz1a /</b>
+         <b>mkdir /kern</b>
+         <b>mkdir /mnt2</b>
          <b>mount -t kernfs kern kern</b>
          <b>./install</b>
-Line 1325 
 enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are u
+Line 1363 
 enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are u
  It is possible to install and run
  <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html">OpenBSD/cats</a>
- in GXemul.
+ in GXemul. Unfortunately, "The OpenBSD/cats port has been discontinued
+ after the 4.0 release." according to
+ <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html">http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html</a>,
+ but 4.0 should run fine.
  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a href="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a>
-Line 1341 
 follow these instructions:
+Line 1382 
 follow these instructions:
  </pre>
    <li>Download the entire cats directory from the ftp server:<pre>
-         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/">ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/</a></b>
+         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/</a></b>
-         <b>cp ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/bsd .</b>
+         <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/bsd .</b>
-         <b>cp ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/cats/bsd.rd .</b>
+         <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/bsd.rd .</b>
  </pre>
-         (Replace ftp.openbsd.org with a server closer to you, for
+         (Replace ftp.se.openbsd.org with a server closer to you, for
          increased download speed.)
    <p>
    <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
          (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
          already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
          to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
-         <b>mkisofs -allow-lowercase -o openbsd_cats_3.9.iso ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
+         <b>mkisofs -allow-lowercase -o openbsd_cats_4.0.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
-         <b>rm -rf ftp.openbsd.org</b>      <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i>
+         <b>rm -rf ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>      <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i>
  </pre>
    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img -d openbsd_cats_3.9.iso bsd.rd</b>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img -d openbsd_cats_4.0.iso bsd.rd</b>
  </pre>
          and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
-Line 1390 
 boot from the harddisk image:
+Line 1431 
 boot from the harddisk image:
  <p><br>
+ <a name="openbsdlandiskinstall"></a>
+ <h3>OpenBSD/landisk:</h3>
+ It is possible to install and run
+ <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/landisk.html">OpenBSD/landisk</a>
+ in GXemul.
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20070419-openbsd-landisk.png"><img src="20070419-openbsd-landisk_small.png"></a>
+ <p>To install OpenBSD/landisk onto an emulated harddisk image,
+ follow these instructions:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_landisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download the entire landisk directory from the ftp server:<pre>
+         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/</a></b>
+         <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/bsd .</b>
+         <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/bsd.rd .</b>
+ </pre>
+         (Replace ftp.se.openbsd.org with a server closer to you, for
+         increased download speed.)
+   <p>
+   <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
+         (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
+         already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
+         to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
+         <b>mkisofs -U -o openbsd_landisk_4.1.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
+         <b>rm -rf ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>      <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -E landisk -d obsd_landisk.img -d d:openbsd_landisk_4.1.iso bsd.rd</b>
+ </pre>
+         and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
+         on a real landisk. The following hints are useful to get you
+         through the installation:
+         <ul>
+           <li>Terminal type = <b>xterm</b>
+           <li>root disk = <b>wd0</b> (the disk to install onto)
+           <li>Use the entire disk for OpenBSD = <b>yes</b>
+           <li>Create one big root partition (a) and a small swap partition (b). c is the entire disk.
+           <li>Do <b>not</b> configure the network. (The Realtek NIC
+                 found in the Landisk machine is not implemented yet
+                 in the emulator.)
+           <li>Location of sets = <b>disk</b>
+           <li>Is the disk partition already mounted = <b>no</b>
+           <li>Disk containing the install media = <b>wd1</b>
+           <li>Pathname to the sets = <b>4.1/landisk</b>
+         </ul>
+ </ol>
+ <p>Once the install has finished, the following command should let you
+ boot from the disk image:
+ <p><pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -E landisk -d obsd_landisk.img bsd</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>As with most emulation modes in GXemul, the NIC in this machine is
+ not emulated yet. If you want to transfer files to/from the emulated
+ landisk machine, see
+ <a href="misc.html#filexfer">this chapter</a> in the documentation.
+ <p><br>
  <a name="ultrixinstall"></a>
  <h3>Ultrix/RISC:</h3>
-Line 1440 
 timer related bug, which makes it imposs
+Line 1560 
 timer related bug, which makes it imposs
  triggered when the emulation goes faster than any real DECstation machine
  was capable of running. A temporary workaround is to add
  <b><tt>-I33000000</tt></b> to fix the emulated clock speed to 33 million
- instructions per emulated second. (When using <tt><b>-CR4400</b></tt>,
+ instructions per emulated second.
- <b><tt>-I16000000</tt></b> should be used instead.)
- <p>
+ <p>If the workaround above doesn't work, you can also start up other
- You can experiment with adding <b><tt>-Z2</tt></b> (for emulating a
+ processes on the host, apart from the emulator, so that the emulator runs
+ more slowly. This is an ugly workaround, but seems to work. Once you have
+ logged in into Ultrix, you can kill the extra processes.
+ <p>You can experiment with adding <b><tt>-Z2</tt></b> (for emulating a
  dual-headed workstation) or even <b><tt>-Z3</tt></b> (tripple-headed), and
  also the <b><tt>-Y2</tt></b> option for scaling down the framebuffer
  windows by a factor 2x2.
-Line 1456 
 tripple-headed workstation, on three dif
+Line 1579 
 tripple-headed workstation, on three dif
              -XZ3 -z remote1:0.0 -z localhost:0.0 -z remote2:0.0</b>
  </pre>
- <p>
+ <p>The photo below shows a single Ultrix session running tripple-headed in
- The photo below shows a single Ultrix session running tripple-headed in
  GXemul on an Alpha 21164PC, with displays on a Sun Ultra1 (to the left),
  on the Alpha itself (in the middle), and on an HP700/RX X-terminal (8-bit
  color depth, running off the Alpha) to the right.
- <p>
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a href="20041209-ultrix-tripplehead.jpg"><img src="20041209-ultrix-tripplehead_small.jpg"></a>
- <p>
+ <p>The X11 displays may differ in bit depth and endianness. Unfortunately,
- The X11 displays may differ in bit depth and endianness. Unfortunately,
  there is no way yet to set the scaledown factor on a per-window basis, so
  the scaledown factor affects all windows.
- <p>
+ <p>(If you didn't use <tt><b>-Z<i>n</i></b></tt> during the installation, and
- (If you didn't use <tt><b>-Z<i>n</i></b></tt> during the installation, and
  compiled your own <tt>/vmunix</tt>, then it will not contain support for
  multiple graphics cards. To overcome this problem, use the generic kernel,
  <tt><b>-j genvmunix</b></tt>, whenever you are running the emulator with a
  different setup than the one you used when Ultrix was installed.)
- <p>
+ <p>A note for the historically interested: OSF/1 for MIPS was quite similar
- A note for the historically interested: OSF/1 for MIPS was quite similar
  to Ultrix, so that is possible to run as well.  If you are unsuccessful
  in installing Ultrix or OSF/1 directly in the emulator, you can always
  install it on your real machine onto a real SCSI disk, and then copy the
-Line 1560 
 start the X11 environment.
+Line 1678 
 start the X11 environment.
  <h3>Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation:</h3>
  It is possible to run Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation in the emulator,
- on an emulated 5000/200 ("3max"). Although the Debian project has released
+ on an emulated 5000/200 ("3max"). However, just choosing any
- install ramdisk kernels for this purpose, these do not always work:
+ Linux/DECstation kernel at random for the installation will not work.
- <ul>
-   <li>Serial console output doesn't work too well in GXemul. Linux
+ <p><ul>
-         oopses randomly, which may be due to bugs in GXemul, but may
+   <li>Linux 2.4/DECstation DZ serial console output doesn't work too well in
-         also be due to bugs in the serial controller code in Linux.
+         GXemul. Linux oopses randomly, which may be due to bugs in GXemul,
+         but may also be due to bugs in the serial controller code in Linux.
          (The speed at which serial interrupts are generated can be
          lowered with the <tt>-U</tt> command line option, but it only
          reduces the risk, it doesn't take away the oopses completely.)
-   <li>Old install kernels supported the graphical framebuffer on the
+   <li>The Linux 2.6/DECstation DZ serial console driver doesn't work at
-max, but not the keyboard.
+         all in the emulator, and I'm not really sure it would work on a
-   <li>For quite some time, the MIPS linux cvs tree had support for the
+         real 5000/200 either. Hopefully this will be fixed in Linux in
-         keyboard, but it did <i>not</i> include Debian's patches for
+         the future.
-         networking. (Perhaps this has been fixed now, I don't know.)
+   <li>To get around the serial console problem, the obvious solution is to
+         use a graphical framebuffer instead. Old Debian install kernels
+         supported the graphical framebuffer on the 3max, but not the
+         keyboard. (This has been fixed now, it seems.)
+   <li>For quite some time, the MIPS linux cvs tree has had support for the
+         framebuffer and keyboard, but it did not include Debian's
+         patches for networking, which made it unusable for network
+         installs. (Possibly fixed now.)
+   <li>The kernel has to be for 5000/200. This rules out using
+         the default kernel on netinst ISO images provided by Debian.
+         These ISO images boot directly into a kernel which is meant
+         for a different DECstation model.
+   <li>The kernel has to have an initrd which more or less matches the
+         version of Debian that will be installed.
  </ul>
- <p>David Muse has made available a precompiled install kernel which
+ <p>Luckily, a precompiled install kernel has been made available by David
- has support for framebuffer, keyboard, and networking, which works
+ Muse, for Debian for R3000 DECstations, which has support for framebuffer,
- pretty well. Thanks David. :-)
+ keyboard, and networking, which works pretty well. Thanks David. :-)
- <p>
+ <p>The following steps should let you install Debian GNU/Linux for
- The following steps should let you install Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation
+ DECstation onto a harddisk image in the emulator:
- onto a harddisk image:
  <p>
  <ol>
    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
          that Debian installs itself onto:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3300000</b>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=6000000</b>
  </pre>
    <li>Download David Muse' install kernel, and a Debian Netinstall CD-ROM:<pre>
-Line 1596 
 onto a harddisk image:
+Line 1727 
 onto a harddisk image:
          <a href="http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/3.1_r0a/mipsel/iso-cd/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso">http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/3.1_r0a/mipsel/iso-cd/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso</a>
  </pre>
+         <font color="#ff0000">NOTE 2007-04-14: It seems that the ISO image
+         has been removed from the cdimage site. You may need to search
+         for it elsewhere. :-/ Alternatively, you can follow
+         Michel Lespinasse's instructions at
+         <a href="http://people.zoy.org/~walken/gxemul-etch/HOWTO.html">http://people.zoy.org/~walken/gxemul-etch/HOWTO.html</a>.</font>
    <p>
    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -X -e3max -d debian_pmax.img -d debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
-Line 1652 
 onto a harddisk image:
+Line 1788 
 onto a harddisk image:
          <p>The post-install step takes quite some time as well. A perfect opportunity
          for more coffee.
+         <p>When asked about whether the hardware clock is set to GMT or
+         not, answer Yes.
          <p>When asked about "Apt configuration", choose <b>http</b> as the method
          to use for accessing the Debian archive.
-Line 1679 
 Use this command to boot from the instal
+Line 1818 
 Use this command to boot from the instal
  <p><br>
- <a name="declinuxredhat"></a>
- <h3>Redhat Linux for DECstation:</h3>
- <p>
- &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <a href="20041129-redhat_mips.png"><img src="20041129-redhat_mips_small.png"></a>
- <p>
- The following steps should let you run Redhat Linux for DECstation in GXemul:
- <p>
- <ol>
-   <li>Download a kernel. David Muse' Debian-install kernel works fine:<pre>
-         <a href="http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31">http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31</a>
- </pre>
-   <li>Download a root filesystem tree:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/</a>
-          <a href="ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a>
-         19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414
- </pre>
-   <li>Create a disk image which will contain the Redhat filesystem:<pre>
-         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=redhat_mips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
- </pre>
-   <li>This is the tricky part: on redhat_mips.img, you need to create an MS-DOS
-         (!) partition table, and then an ext2 partition. This is what Linux
-         will then see as /dev/sda1.
-         <p>I recommend you run fdisk and mke2fs and untar the archive from within
-         Debian/DECstation or <a href="#debiancats">Debian/CATS</a> running
-         inside the emulator. (Alternatively, if you are on a Linux host,
-         you could use a loopback mount, or similar. This might require
-         root access. See e.g.
-         <a href="http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux">http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux</a>.)
-         <p>
-         In order to actually boot the system you need to modify /etc/fstab.
-         Change<pre>
-         /dev/root               /               nfs     defaults        1 1
-         #/dev/sdc1              /               ext2    defaults        1 1
-         none                    /proc           proc    defaults        0 0
-         none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0
- </pre>to<pre>
-         #/dev/root              /               nfs     defaults        1 1
-         /dev/sda1               /               ext2    defaults        1 1
-         none                    /proc           proc    defaults        0 0
-         none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0
- </pre>(Note sda1 instead of sdc1.)
- </ol>
- <p>To boot Redhat linux from the disk image, use the following command line:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -X -e3max -o "root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat_mips.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
- </pre>
- If you need to boot into single user mode, change options to
- <tt><b>-o "root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh"</b></tt>.
- <p><br>
  <hr>
-Line 1779 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
+Line 1851 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
  <p>
  <ol>
-   <li>Compile gxemul with cache emulation: (<b>NOTE: --enable-caches</b>)<pre>
-         <b>./configure --enable-caches; make</b>
- </pre>
    <li>Download the pmax binary distribution for Mach 3.0:<pre>
          <a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/</a>
              <a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z</a>
-Line 1811 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
+Line 1879 
 for DECstation in the emulator:
          cd /; sync; umount /mnt</i>)
          <p>
    <li>Start the emulator with the following command:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -e 3max -X -d disk.img \
+         <b>gxemul -c 'put w 0x800990e0, 0' -c 'put w 0x80099144, 0' \
+             -c 'put w 0x8004aae8, 0' -e 3max -X -d disk.img \
              pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b>
  </pre>
  </ol>
+ <p>Earlier versions of GXemul had a configure option to enable better
+ R3000 cache emulation, but since Mach was more or less the only thing that
+ used it, I removed it. Today's version of GXemul can thus not boot
+ mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY straight off, it has to be patched to skip the
+ cache detection.
+ <p>The -c commands above patch the kernel to get past the cache detection.
+ Thanks to Artur Bujdoso for these values.
+ <p>TODO: Better instructions on how to create the old-style UFS disk
+ image.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="declinuxredhat"></a>
+ <h3>Redhat Linux for DECstation:</h3>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20041129-redhat_mips.png"><img src="20041129-redhat_mips_small.png"></a>
+ <p>
+ The following steps should let you run Redhat Linux for DECstation in GXemul:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Download a kernel. David Muse' Debian-install kernel works fine:<pre>
+         <a href="http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31">http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31</a>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download a root filesystem tree:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a>
+         19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414
+ </pre>
+   <li>Create a disk image which will contain the Redhat filesystem:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=redhat_mips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>This is the tricky part: on redhat_mips.img, you need to create an MS-DOS
+         (!) partition table, and then an ext2 partition. This is what Linux
+         will then see as /dev/sda1.
+         <p>I recommend you run fdisk and mke2fs and untar the archive from within
+         Debian/DECstation or <a href="#debiancats">Debian/CATS</a> running
+         inside the emulator. (Alternatively, if you are on a Linux host,
+         you could use a loopback mount, or similar. This might require
+         root access. See e.g.
+         <a href="http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux">http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux</a>.)
+         <p>
+         In order to actually boot the system you need to modify /etc/fstab.
+         Change<pre>
+         /dev/root               /               nfs     defaults        1 1
+         #/dev/sdc1              /               ext2    defaults        1 1
+         none                    /proc           proc    defaults        0 0
+         none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0
+ </pre>to<pre>
+         #/dev/root              /               nfs     defaults        1 1
+         /dev/sda1               /               ext2    defaults        1 1
+         none                    /proc           proc    defaults        0 0
+         none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0
+ </pre>(Note sda1 instead of sdc1.)
+ </ol>
+ <p>To boot Redhat linux from the disk image, use the following command line:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -X -e3max -o "root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat_mips.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
+ </pre>
+ If you need to boot into single user mode, change options to
+ <tt><b>-o "root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh"</b></tt>.
-Line 1842 
 it works.</font>
+Line 1992 
 it works.</font>
  mailed Adaptec several times, asking for documentation, but never received
  any reply.) OpenBSD/sgi can still run in the emulator, as long as it doesn't
  use SCSI. For a simple test with the ramdisk (install) kernel, try dowloading<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd.rd">bsd.rd</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd.rd">bsd.rd</a>
  </pre>and run <b><tt>gxemul -xeo2 bsd.rd</tt></b>.
-Line 1855 
 client. Performing this setup is quite t
+Line 2005 
 client. Performing this setup is quite t
  <ol>
    <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
          This needs to have a 800 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
-         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.0.1 from CDROM</a>.
+         <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.1 from CDROM</a>.
          (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
    <p>
    <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
-Line 1884 
 reboot</b>
+Line 2034 
 reboot</b>
  <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
  <b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>
  (log in as anonymous...)
- <b>cd pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi
+ <b>cd pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi
  mget b*tgz c*tgz e* g* m*
  quit
  sh
-Line 1895 
 dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32
+Line 2045 
 dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32
  halt</b>
  </pre></td></tr></table>
    <li>Download the OpenBSD/sgi GENERIC and RAMDISK kernels:<pre>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd</a>
-         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd.rd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.9/sgi/bsd.rd</a>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd.rd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd.rd</a>
  </pre>
    <li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>:
-Line 2135 
 fdisk and mke2fs, which are useful for c
+Line 2285 
 fdisk and mke2fs, which are useful for c
+ <!--
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="linux_malta"></a>
+ <h3>Linux/Malta:</h3>
+ <p>The Malta emulation mode is best suited for running <a
+ href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips</a>, however, it is possible
+ to experiment with Linux/Malta as well.
+ <p>The general idea behind Linux/Malta seems to be that the end user
+ always compiles his/her own kernel, applies patches, downloads
+ userland separately, etc. For that reason, Linux/Malta support in the
+ emulator is not tested for every release (sometimes it works, sometimes it
+ doesn't work), and these instructions are kind of "fuzzy".
+ <p><ol start="1">
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
+         that Linux/Malta will be installed onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=linux.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=5000000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Download a MIPS root filesystem tree:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a>
+         19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414
+ </pre>
+         This is an old Redhat tree from 2001, but it seems to almost work.
+   <p>
+   <li>Download one precompiled Malta kernel, with ramdisk,
+         and one without ramdisk (which will be used later on
+         when booting from disk):<pre>
+         TODO
+ </pre>
+   <li>Start the emulator with the ramdisk kernel, create a MS-DOS style
+         MBR on the disk, create the filesystem, and extract the
+         userland files:<pre>
+         <b>gunzip vmlinux_2.*
+         gunzip mipsel-root-20011216.tar
+         gxemul -xemalta -d linux.img -d mipsel-root-20011216.tar vmlinux_2.4.33.2-ide-pci-ramdisk.elf</b>
+         Inside GXemul: Log in as root and execute the following commands:
+         <b>fdisk /dev/hda</b>
+         (enter suitable commands, e.g. <b>n, p, 1, 1, 9921, w</b>)
+         <b>mkfs /dev/hda1
+         mount /dev/hda1 /mnt
+         cd /mnt; tar -xf /dev/hdb; cd ..
+         umount /mnt; sync; reboot</b>
+ </pre>
+ </ol>
+ <p>It should now be possible to boot from the disk image, using the
+ following command:
+ <p><pre>
+ <b>     gxemul -xemalta -d linux.img -o "root=/dev/hda1 rw" vmlinux_2.6.18-rc4-ide-pci-novty.elf</b>
+ </pre>
+ <p>There's a slight problem with this specific Redhat tree, so when you
+ see the message "Configuring kernel parameters:  [  OK  ]", press CTRL-C
+ once.
+ -->
  <p><br>
  <a name="linux_qemu_mips"></a>
-Line 2144 
 I've added a semi-bogus machine mode whi
+Line 2361 
 I've added a semi-bogus machine mode whi
  mimic the MIPS machine mode used in Fabrice Bellard's
  <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/">QEMU</a>.
- <p>Follow these steps to download and run the Linux/QEMU_MIPS test
+ <p>Download <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/mips-test-0.1.tar.gz">mips-test-0.1.tar.gz</a>
- ramdisk kernel:
+ from <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html</a>,
+ and extract its contents (<tt>tar zxvf mips-test-0.1.tar.gz</tt>).
- <p><ol>
+ <p>Test it in GXemul using the following command line:<pre>
-   <li>Download <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/mips-test-0.1.tar.gz">mips-test-0.1.tar.gz</a>
-         from <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html</a>,
-         and extract its contents (<tt>tar zxvf mips-test-0.1.tar.gz</tt>).
-   <p>
-   <li>Test it in GXemul using the following command line:<pre>
          <b>gxemul -E qemu_mips -o 'console=ttyS0 root=/dev/ram
                  rd_start=0x80800000 rd_size=10000000 init=/bin/sh'
 x80800000:mips-test/initrd mips-test/vmlinux-r1</b>
-Line 2160 
 ramdisk kernel:
+Line 2373 
 ramdisk kernel:
  </pre>
  </ol>
- <p><i>"QEMU is a FAST! processor emulator"</i> according to <a
- href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/qemu-doc.html">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/qemu-doc.html</a>.
- Sometimes QEMU is faster than GXemul, sometimes it is the other way
- around. A quick (and quite unfair) test on my laptop (1.8 GHz Turion ML32,
- I think, in AMD64 mode) comparing QEMU 0.8.1 installed as a binary package
- from FreeBSD ports with GXemul gave the following result:
- <p><pre>
-         <b>while true; do ls -l > /dev/null; echo -n .; done</b>
-         (80 x 36 dots)
-         QEMU 0.8.1:       13 min 48 sec
-         GXemul 0.4.2:      4 min 31 sec
-         <b>while true; do /usr/bin/md5sum /usr/bin/* > /dev/null; echo -n .; done</b>
-         (80 dots)
-         QEMU 0.8.1:        2 min  9 sec
-         GXemul 0.4.2:      5 min 18 sec
-         <b>while true; do grep hej lib/libtextwrap.so.1 > /dev/null; echo -n .; done</b>
-         (80 dots)
-         QEMU 0.8.1:       10 min  5 sec
-         GXemul 0.4.2:      1 min 36 sec
- </pre>
- <p>The commands were run inside the emulators, using the ramdisk kernel
- mentioned above.
-Line 2205 
 such hardware well enough to fool Window
+Line 2391 
 such hardware well enough to fool Window
  that it is running on a real machine.
  <font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font>
- <p>Something like this would be done to install
+ <p>Installation steps similar to these would be required to install
  Windows NT onto a disk image:
  <ol>
-Line 2243 
 but then it crashes because of incomplet
+Line 2429 
 but then it crashes because of incomplet
  <p><br>
- <a name="netbsdmacppcinstall"></a>
- <h3>NetBSD/macppc:</h3>
- It is <font color="#ff0000"><b>ALMOST</b></font> possible to install and run
- <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/macppc/">NetBSD/macppc</a> in GXemul
- on an emulated generic PowerPC machine. No specific Machintosh model
- is emulated, but it is enough to for NetBSD to recognize it.
- <p>To install NetBSD/macppc onto a disk image, follow these instructions:
- <p>
- <ol start="1">
-   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
-         that you will install NetBSD/macppc onto:<pre>
-     <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_macppc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
- </pre>
-   <li>Download the NetBSD/macppc 3.0 ISO image and a generic kernel:<pre>
-     <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/macppccd-3.0.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.0/macppccd-3.0.iso</a>
-     <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/macppc/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/macppc/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.0/macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</a>
- </pre>
-   <p>
-   <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
-     <b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img -d b:macppccd-3.0.iso -j macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
- </pre>
- </ol>
- <p>If everything worked, NetBSD/macppc should now be installed on the disk image.
- <p><font color="#ff0000"><b>2006-02-26:</b></font> That's it. The installation
- succeeds, but it is not possible to start from the newly installed disk.
- /sbin/init dies, so the following command doesn't really work yet:
- <p>Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre>
-         <b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</b>
- </pre>
- <p><br>
  <a name="netbsdbeboxinstall"></a>
  <h3>NetBSD/bebox:</h3>
-Line 2374 
 trying to run /sbin/init.
+Line 2508 
 trying to run /sbin/init.
+ <p><br>
+ <a name="netbsdlandiskinstall"></a>
+ <h3>NetBSD/landisk:</h3>
+ <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/landisk/">NetBSD/landisk</a> can
+ run in GXemul.
+ <p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE: This is still too
+ unstable to be considered really working! Snapshots from April 2007
+ or so will probably not work, unless an #if 0 is changed to
+ #if 1 in the implementation of the 'LDC Rm,SR' instruction
+ (in src/cpus/cpu_sh_instr.c).</font>
+ <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ <a href="20070224-netbsd-landisk.png"><img src="20070224-netbsd-landisk_small.png"></a>
+ <p>At the time of writing this, there are not yet any formal releases
+ of NetBSD/landisk, only daily snapshot builds.
+ <p>The NetBSD/landisk distribution does not include any INSTALL kernel,
+ so it must be installed using another (emulated) machine.
+ <p>The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/landisk onto a disk
+ image, using an emulated CATS machine:
+ <p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>Download a NetBSD/cats install kernel:<pre>
+         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
+         that you will install NetBSD/landisk onto:<pre>
+         <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_landisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=900000</b>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Download the latest netbsd-4 (pre-release) snapshot, and make an iso image
+         of it: (replace 200704110002Z with whatever is the latest one)<pre>
+         <b>wget -np -l 0 -r ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-4/200704110002Z/landisk
+         mkisofs -U -o landisk.iso ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-4/*</b>
+ </pre>
+   <p>
+   <li>Start the emulated CATS machine like this:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_landisk.img -d landisk.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
+ </pre>
+   <li>Exit the installer, then execute the following commands:
+ <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
+ <b>disklabel -i -I wd0</b>    (for example 'a', '4.2BSD', '1c',
+     '700M', 'b', 'swap', '701M', '$', 'P', 'W', 'y', and 'Q')
+ <b>newfs /dev/wd0a
+ mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
+ mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/wd0a /mnt2
+ cd /mnt2; sh
+ for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcekmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
+ exit
+ cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
+ echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
+ echo "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
+ echo "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0" >> fstab
+ cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
+ </pre></td></tr></table>
+ </ol>
+ <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/landisk using this command:<pre>
+         <b>gxemul -x -E landisk -d nbsd_landisk.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
+ </pre>

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