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1  <html>  <html><head><title>Gavare's eXperimental Emulator:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Installing and running "guest OSes"</title>
2  <head><title>GXemul documentation: Installing and running "guest OSes"</title>  <meta name="robots" content="noarchive,nofollow,noindex"></head>
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6  <td align="left" valign=center bgcolor="#d0efff"><font color="#6060e0" size="6">  <td align="left" valign=center bgcolor="#d0efff"><font color="#6060e0" size="6">
7  <b>GXemul documentation:</b></font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  <b>Gavare's eXperimental Emulator:</b></font><br>
8  <font color="#000000" size="6"><b>Installing and running "guest OSes"</b>  <font color="#000000" size="6"><b>Installing and running "guest OSes"</b>
9  </font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p>  </font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p>
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13  $Id: guestoses.html,v 1.35 2005/04/27 15:32:40 debug Exp $  $Id: guestoses.html,v 1.226 2007/06/15 06:26:19 debug Exp $
14    
15  Copyright (C) 2003-2005  Anders Gavare.  All rights reserved.  Copyright (C) 2003-2007  Anders Gavare.  All rights reserved.
16    
17  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
18  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
# Line 42  SUCH DAMAGE. Line 39  SUCH DAMAGE.
39    
40  -->  -->
41    
42    
43  <a href="./">Back to the index</a>  <a href="./">Back to the index</a>
44    
45  <p><br>  <p><br>
# Line 50  SUCH DAMAGE. Line 48  SUCH DAMAGE.
48  <p>  <p>
49  <ul>  <ul>
50    <li><a href="#generalnotes">General notes on running "guest OSes"</a>    <li><a href="#generalnotes">General notes on running "guest OSes"</a>
51    <li><a href="#netbsdinstall">Installing NetBSD/pmax in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">NetBSD/pmax 3.1 or 1.6.2</a>
52    <li><a href="#netbsdarcinstall">Installing NetBSD/arc in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#netbsdarcinstall">NetBSD/arc 1.6.2</a>
53    <li><a href="#netbsdhpcmipsinstall">Installing NetBSD/hpcmips in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#netbsdhpcmipsinstall">NetBSD/hpcmips 3.1</a>
54    <li><a href="#netbsdcobaltinstall">Installing NetBSD/cobalt in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#netbsdcobaltinstall">NetBSD/cobalt 3.1</a>
55  <!--    <li><a href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips 3.1</a>
56    <li><a href="#netbsdsgimips">Running NetBSD/sgimips in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#netbsdalgorinstall">NetBSD/algor 3.1</a>
57  -->    <li><a href="#netbsdsgimips">NetBSD/sgimips 3.1</a>
58    <li><a href="#openbsdinstall">Installing OpenBSD/pmax in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#netbsdcatsinstall">NetBSD/cats 3.1</a>
59    <li><a href="#openbsdarcinstall">Installing OpenBSD/arc in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#netbsdevbarminstall">NetBSD/evbarm 2.1</a>
60  <!--    <li><a href="#netbsdnetwinderinstall">NetBSD/netwinder 3.1</a>
61    <li><a href="#openbsdsgiinstall">Running OpenBSD/sgi in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#netbsdprepinstall">NetBSD/prep 2.1</a>
62  -->    <li><a href="#netbsdmacppcinstall">NetBSD/macppc 3.1</a>
63    <li><a href="#ultrixinstall">Installing Ultrix/RISC in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#netbsdpmppc">NetBSD/pmppc 3.1</a>
64    <li><a href="#sprite">Running Sprite for DECstation in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="dreamcast.html#netbsd_generic_md">NetBSD/dreamcast 3.1</a>
65    <li><a href="#declinux">Installing Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="dreamcast.html#linux_live_cd">Linux/dreamcast</a>
66    <li><a href="#declinuxredhat">Running Redhat Linux for DECstation in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#openbsdpmaxinstall">OpenBSD/pmax 2.8-BETA</a>
67    <li><a href="#mach">Running Mach/PMAX in GXemul</a>    <li><a href="#openbsdcatsinstall">OpenBSD/cats 4.0</a>
68      <li><a href="#openbsdlandiskinstall">OpenBSD/landisk 4.1</a>
69      <li><a href="#ultrixinstall">Ultrix/RISC 4.5</a>
70      <li><a href="#sprite">Sprite for DECstation</a>
71      <li><a href="#declinux">Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation</a>
72  </ul>  </ul>
73    
74    
# Line 79  SUCH DAMAGE. Line 81  SUCH DAMAGE.
81  <h3>General notes on running "guest OSes":</h3>  <h3>General notes on running "guest OSes":</h3>
82    
83  The emulator works well enough to run complete operating systems. These  The emulator works well enough to run complete operating systems. These
84  are often refered to as "guest" operating systems.  are often refered to as <i>guest</i> operating systems, in contrast to the
85    <i>host</i> operating system which the emulator is running under.
86    
87  <p>  <p>Although it is possible to let a guest OS access real hardware, such as
88  Although it is possible to let a guest OS access real hardware, such as  harddisks, it is much more flexible and attractive to simulate harddisks
89  harddisks, it is much more flexible and attractive to simulate harddisks  using files residing in the host's filesystem. On Unix-like systems, files
90  using files residing in the host's filesystem. On Unix-like systems, files  may contain holes, which makes this really simple. To the guest operating
 may contain holes, which makes this really simple. To the guest operating  
91  system, the harddisk image looks and acts like a real disk.  system, the harddisk image looks and acts like a real disk.
92    
93    <p>The version numbers of the various operating systems were the latest
94    versions that worked satisfactory with GXemul at the time this page was
95    updated; if new versions have been released since then, they might work as
96    well.
97    
98    <p>In addition to the "working" guest operating systems listed above,
99    you might find the following information interesting:
100    
101    <ul>
102      <li><a href="#mach">Mach/PMAX</a>
103      <li><a href="#declinuxredhat">Redhat Linux for DECstation</a>
104      <li><a href="#openbsdsgiinstall">OpenBSD/sgi</a>
105      <li><a href="#openbsdarcinstall">OpenBSD/arc 2.3</a>
106      <li><a href="#debiancats">Debian GNU/Linux for CATS</a>
107      <!-- <li><a href="#linux_malta">Linux/Malta</a> -->
108      <li><a href="#linux_qemu_mips">Linux/QEMU_MIPS</a>
109      <li><a href="#windows_nt_mips">Windows NT/MIPS</a>
110      <li><a href="#netbsdbeboxinstall">NetBSD/bebox 19981119</a>
111      <li><a href="#netbsdlandiskinstall">NetBSD/landisk</a>
112    </ul>
113    
114    <p><b><font color="#ff0000">NOTE:</b>
115    Some of these sections may not be relevant to this
116    specific release of GXemul,</font> for example some of these
117    modes may be legacy modes that worked before but not any longer,
118    or are not yet working but could be in the future.
119    
120    <p>Some operating systems are listed with a version number <i>less</i>
121    than what was available at the time of this GXemul release (e.g.
122    NetBSD/prep). The reasons for this is because of incompleteness in
123    GXemul's machine, device, and/or processor implementations.
124    
125    
126    
# Line 96  system, the harddisk image looks and act Line 129  system, the harddisk image looks and act
129    
130    
131  <p><br>  <p><br>
132  <a name="netbsdinstall"></a>  <a name="netbsdpmaxinstall"></a>
133  <h3>Installing NetBSD/pmax in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>NetBSD/pmax:</h3>
134    
135  <p>  <p><a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/pmax/">NetBSD/pmax</a> was the
136  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  first guest OS that could be
137  <a href="netbsd-pmax-20040630.png"><img src="netbsd-pmax-20040630_small.png"></a>  <a href="http://mail-index.netbsd.org/port-pmax/2004/04/18/0000.html">installed</a>
138    onto a disk image in GXemul. The device emulation of the DECstation
139    5000/200 is reasonably complete; it should be enough to emulate a
140    networked X-windows-capable workstation.
141    
142    <p>NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2 works perfectly with X out-of-the-box. Unfortunately,
143    newer NetBSD releases have changed slightly, and X does not work straight
144    away with NetBSD 2.x and 3.x. It seems that this has to do with NetBSD
145    switching console system to "WSCONS" somewhere between 1.6.2 and 2.0.
146    
147    <p>What this means is that if you want to use emulated X11, then you need
148    to run NetBSD 1.6.2. At the time of writing this, 4.0_BETA snapshots work
149    fine too, but 4.0 isn't released yet. If you feel that you only need
150    serial-console emulation, then choose 3.1.
151    
152  <p>  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
153  To install NetBSD/pmax onto a harddisk image in the emulator, follow these  <a href="20050317-example.png"><img src="20050317-example_small.png"></a>
 instructions:  
154    
155  <p>  <p>To install NetBSD/pmax onto a harddisk image in the emulator,
156  <ol start="1">  follow these instructions:
157    
158    <p><ol>
159    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
160          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
161          $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1 count=512 seek=1900000000</b>          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
162    
163  </pre>  </pre>
 </ol>  
   
 <p>  
 From this point, there are two separate ways to continue the installation.  
 You can either download a CD-ROM iso image (and let the installation  
 program copy files from the CD-ROM image to the harddisk image), or you  
 can install via ftp. For an installation from a CD-ROM image, follow these  
 steps:  
 <p>  
 <ol start="2">  
   
164    <li>Download a NetBSD CD-ROM iso image:<pre>    <li>Download a NetBSD CD-ROM iso image:<pre>
165          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso</a>          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso</a>
166          or          or
167          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/pmaxcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/pmaxcd.iso</a>          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/pmaxcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/pmaxcd-3.1.iso</a>
168    
169  </pre>  </pre>
170    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>
171          $ <b>gxemul -X -b -E dec -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d bc:pmaxcd.iso</b>          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d b:pmaxcd-3.1.iso</b>
172            (or <b>pmaxcd.iso</b>)
173  </pre>  </pre>
174            and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
175            DECstation. Remember to choose <tt>vt100</tt> as your terminal
176            type, and not <tt>rcons</tt>.
177  </ol>  </ol>
178    
179    <p>If you prefer to do an ftp install (usually much slower), you can
180    follow these instructions instead:
181    
182  <p>  <p>
183  For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 and 3 above with these:  <ol>
184  <p>    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
185  <ol start="2">          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
186            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
187    
188    <li>Download a NetBSD pmax INSTALL kernel, and gunzip it:<pre>  </pre>
189          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>    <li>Download a NetBSD pmax INSTALL kernel:<pre>
190            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
191          or          or
192          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
   
         $ <b>gunzip netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>  
193    
194  </pre>  </pre>
195    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>    <li>Start the emulator like this:<pre>
196          $ <b>gxemul -X -b -E dec -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -O netbsd-INSTALL</b>          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -O netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
197  </pre>  </pre>
198  </ol>          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
199            DECstation. Remember to choose <tt>vt100</tt> as your terminal
200  <p>          type, and not <tt>rcons</tt>. Suitable networking parameters are as
201  (If you don't want to use a graphical framebuffer during the install,          follows:<pre>
 you can remove <b>-X</b> from the command line, but then make sure you  
 choose 'vt100' when prompted with which terminal type to use, and not  
 'rcons'.)  
   
 <p>  
 Then proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real  
 DECstation. If you are installing from the network, then suitable networking  
 parameters are as follows:<pre>  
202          Which device shall I use? [le0]: <b>le0</b>          Which device shall I use? [le0]: <b>le0</b>
203          ..          ..
204          Your DNS domain: <b>mydomain.com</b>          Your DNS domain: <b>mydomain.com</b>
# Line 172  parameters are as follows:<pre> Line 208  parameters are as follows:<pre>
208          IPv4 gateway: <b>10.0.0.254</b>          IPv4 gateway: <b>10.0.0.254</b>
209          IPv4 name server: <b>10.0.0.254</b>          IPv4 name server: <b>10.0.0.254</b>
210  </pre>  </pre>
211            (If using 10.0.0.254 as the nameserver fails, then try entering the
212            IP number of a real-world nameserver instead.)
213            <p>
214            Note that NetBSD 1.6.2 is nowadays located at
215            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2</a>
216            (note <tt>NetBSD-archive</tt> part).
217    </ol>
218    
219  <p>  <p>If you want to use a graphical framebuffer during the install, you can
220  (If using 10.0.0.254 as the nameserver fails, then try entering the  add <b><tt>-X -Y2</tt></b> to the command line, and choose <tt>rcons</tt>
221  IP number of a real-world nameserver instead.)  instead of <tt>vt100</tt> when prompted with which terminal type to use.
222    (By just using <tt><b>-X</b></tt>, you will get a full-size framebuffer
223    window.)
224    
225  <p>  <p>When the installation is finished, the following command should start
 When the installation is completed, the following command should start  
226  NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre>  NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre>
227          $ <b>gxemul -X -b -M64 -E dec -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
228  </pre>  </pre>
229    
230  <p>  <p>If you installed NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2, or 4.0_BETA, then try the
231  Use <b>startx</b> to start X windows.  following to start with a framebuffer:<pre>
232            <b>gxemul -X -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
 <p>  
 <font color="#ff0000">NOTE:</font> For some reason, NetBSD 2.0 doesn't  
 work with X out-of-the-box on pmax. It seems that this has to do with a  
 switch to WSCONS. For now, if you want X, then try NetBSD 1.6.2.  
   
 <p>  
 If you want to run without the X framebuffer, use this instead:<pre>  
         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -b -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>  
233  </pre>  </pre>
234    and log in as <tt>root</tt> and type <tt>startx</tt> to start X windows.
235    
236    
237    
238    
# Line 204  If you want to run without the X framebu Line 242  If you want to run without the X framebu
242    
243  <p><br>  <p><br>
244  <a name="netbsdarcinstall"></a>  <a name="netbsdarcinstall"></a>
245  <h3>Installing NetBSD/arc in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>NetBSD/arc:</h3>
246    
247  It is possible to run NetBSD/arc on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the emulator.  It is possible to install and run an old version of <a
248    href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/arc/">NetBSD/arc</a>
249    on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the emulator.
250    
251  <p>  <p>
252  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
253  <a href="20041024-netbsd-arc-installed.gif"><img src="20041024-netbsd-arc-installed_small.gif"></a>  <a href="20041024-netbsd-arc-installed.gif"><img src="20041024-netbsd-arc-installed_small.gif"></a>
254    
255  <p>  <p>
256  To install NetBSD/arc from a CDROM image onto an emulated harddisk image,  To install NetBSD/arc 1.6.2 from a CDROM image onto an emulated
257  follow these instructions:  harddisk image, follow these instructions:
258    
259  <p>  <p>
260  <ol start="1">  <ol start="1">
261    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
262          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>          that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
263          $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=900000</b>          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
   
 </pre>  
   <li>Download a NetBSD/arc CDROM image from ftp:<pre>  
         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso</a>  
264    
265  </pre>  </pre>
266    <li>Download a NetBSD/arc installation (ramdisk) kernel,    <li>Download a NetBSD/arc 1.6.2 CDROM image, and a generic NetBSD/arc
267          and gunzip it:<pre>          kernel:<pre>
268          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd.RAMDISK.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd.RAMDISK.gz</a>          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso</a>
269            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
270    
271  </pre>  </pre>
272    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
273          $ <b>gxemul -E arc -e pica -b -d nbsd_arc.img -d arccd.iso netbsd.RAMDISK</b>          <b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img -d b:arccd.iso -j arc/binary/kernel/netbsd.RAMDISK.gz</b>
274    
275  </pre>  </pre>
276            (Try removing <tt>-x</tt> if you have problems with the xterm.)
277        <p>
278    <li>From now on, you have to use your imagination, as there is no    <li>From now on, you have to use your imagination, as there is no
279          automatic installation program for NetBSD/arc. Here are some tips          automatic installation program for NetBSD/arc 1.6.2. Here are
280          and hints on how you can proceed with the install:<pre>          some tips and hints on how you can proceed with the install:
281          $ <b>mount /dev/cd0a /mnt2</b>  <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
282          $ <b>disklabel -i -I sd0</b>    (for example 'a', '4.2BSD', '1c',  <b>mount /dev/cd0a /mnt2
283              '700M', 'b', 'swap', '701M', '$', 'P', 'W', 'y', and 'Q')  disklabel -i -I sd0</b>    (for example 'a', '4.2BSD', '1c',
284          $ <b>newfs /dev/sd0a</b>      '700M', 'b', 'swap', '701M', '$', 'P', 'W', 'y', and 'Q')
285          $ <b>mount /dev/sd0a /mnt</b>  <b>newfs /dev/sd0a
286          $ <b>cd /mnt</b>  mount /dev/sd0a /mnt
287          $ <b>for a in /mnt2/arc/binary/sets/*.tgz; do tar xvzpf $a; done</b>  cd /mnt
288          $ <b>cd dev; sh MAKEDEV all</b>  for a in /mnt2/arc/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar xzpf $a; done
289          $ <b>cd ../etc; echo "rc_configured=YES" &gt;&gt; rc.conf</b>  cd dev; sh MAKEDEV all
290          $ <b>cat > /mnt/etc/fstab</b>  cd ../etc; echo "rc_configured=YES" &gt;&gt; rc.conf
291              /dev/sd0a / ffs rw 1 1  cat > /mnt/etc/fstab
292              /dev/sd0b none swap sw 0 0  /dev/sd0a / ffs rw 1 1
293              (ctrl-d)  /dev/sd0b none swap sw 0 0
294          $ <b>cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2</b>  </b>(press ctrl-d)
295          $ <b>halt</b>  <b>cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2
296    halt</b>
297  </pre>  </pre></td></tr></table>
   <li>Download a generic NetBSD/arc kernel,  
         and gunzip it:<pre>  
         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>  
   
 </pre>  
298  </ol>  </ol>
299    
300  <p>  <p>You can now use the generic NetBSD/arc kernel to boot from the harddisk
301  You can now use the generic NetBSD/arc kernel to boot from the harddisk  image, using the following command:<pre>
302  image, using the following command:          <b>gxemul -e pica -x -d nbsd_arc.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
 <p>  
 <pre>  
         $ <b>gxemul -E arc -e pica -b -d nbsd_arc.img netbsd-GENERIC</b>  
303    
304  </pre>  </pre>
305    
306  <p>  <p>When asked for "<tt>root device: </tt>", enter <b><tt>sd0</tt></b>.
 Using <b>-b</b> (enabling dynamic binary translation), as in the instructions  
 above, is not 100% stable. If you experiment weird crashes, try removing that  
 option and try again.  
307    
308    
309    
# Line 285  option and try again. Line 313  option and try again.
313    
314  <p><br>  <p><br>
315  <a name="netbsdhpcmipsinstall"></a>  <a name="netbsdhpcmipsinstall"></a>
316  <h3>Installing NetBSD/hpcmips in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>NetBSD/hpcmips:</h3>
   
 It is possible to install NetBSD/hpcmips onto a disk image, on an an  
 emulated MobilePro 770, 780, 800, or 880. The emulator treats the  
 different machine models as being almost identical; the most important  
 difference is regarding the framebuffer.  
   
 <p>  
 <table border="0">  
         <tr>  
                 <td width="80">&nbsp;</td>  
                 <td><u>Model:</u></td>  
                 <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>  
                 <td><u>Framebuffer size/depth:</u></td>  
                 <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>  
                 <td><u>Framebuffer address:</u></td>  
         </tr>  
         <tr>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>MobilePro 770 (<super>*2</super>)</td>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>640 x 240, 16 bits</td>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>0xa000000</td>  
         </tr>  
         <tr>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>MobilePro 780</td>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>640 x 240, 16 bits</td>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>0xa180100 (<super>*</super>)</td>  
         </tr>  
         <tr>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>MobilePro 800</td>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>800 x 600, 16 bits</td>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>0xa000000</td>  
         </tr>  
         <tr>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>MobilePro 880</td>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>800 x 600, 16 bits</td>  
                 <td></td>  
                 <td>0xa0ea600 (<super>*</super>)</td>  
         </tr>  
 </table>  
   
 <p>  
 (<super>*</super>) = not aligned at a 4 KB boundary, so it will not work  
 efficiently with the current bintrans system. Using this mode will still  
 work, but each load and store will be emulated much more slowly than is  
 possible with an aligned framebuffer.  
317    
318  <p>  It is possible to install <a
319  (<super>*2</super>) = The MobilePro 770's cursor keys work differently  href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/hpcmips/">NetBSD/hpcmips</a> onto a disk
320  than the other models, for some reason. (This is a known bug.)  image, on an an emulated MobilePro 770 or 800. (MobilePro 780 and 880 might
321    work too, but I don't test those for every release of the emulator. They
322    have unaligned framebuffers, and run a bit slower.)
323    
324  <p>  <p>
325  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# Line 354  than the other models, for some reason. Line 329  than the other models, for some reason.
329    
330  <p>  <p>
331  These instructions show an example of how to install  These instructions show an example of how to install
332  NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro 800:  NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro 770:
333    
334  <p>  <p>
335  <ol start="1">  <ol start="1">
336    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
337          that you will install NetBSD/hpcmips onto:<pre>          that you will install NetBSD/hpcmips onto:<pre>
338          $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1990000</b>          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
339    
340  </pre>  </pre>
341    <li>Download the installation kernel (and gunzip it) and an ISO    <li>Download the NetBSD/hpcmips 3.1 ISO image, and a generic kernel:<pre>
342          image of NetBSD 2.0 for hpcmips:<pre>          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/hpcmipscd-3.1.iso">hpcmipscd-3.1.iso</a>
343          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/hpcmips/installation/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/hpcmips/installation</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz">netbsd.gz</a>          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
         <a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/hpcmipscd.iso">hpcmipscd.iso</a>  
344    
345  </pre>(You may want to choose a mirror closer to you, if .se is slow.)  </pre>
346    <p>    <p>
347    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>    <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
348          $ <b>gxemul -E hpc -e mobilepro800 -b -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img -d hpcmipscd.iso netbsd</b>          <b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img -d b:hpcmipscd-3.1.iso -j hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz</b>
349    
350  </pre>  </pre>
351          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real          and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
352          MobilePro 800. (Install onto wd0, choose "Use entire disk" when          MobilePro 770. (Install onto wd0, choose "Use entire disk" when
353          doing the MBR partitioning, and choose wd1d (not cd0c) as the          doing the MBR partitioning, and choose to install from CD-ROM.)
         CDROM device to install from.)  
354  </ol>  </ol>
355    
356  <p>  <p>
357  If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image.  If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image.
358  GXemul does not (yet) support reading the kernel directly from the  Use the following command line to boot the emulated hpcmips machine:<pre>
359  disk image, so you need to download a generic kernel separately:<pre>          <b>gxemul -e mobilepro770 -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
         <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>  
   
 </pre>  
   
 <p>  
 Once you have gunziped the generic kernel, you can now use it to boot from  
 the harddisk image, using the following command:<pre>  
         $ <b>gxemul -E hpc -e mobilepro800 -b -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img netbsd-GENERIC</b>  
360    
361  </pre>  </pre>
362    
363  <p>  <p>When you have logged in as <tt>root</tt>, you can use <tt>startx</tt> to
364  When you have logged in as root, you can use <b>startx</b> to start X  start X Windows, but there is no mouse support yet so only keyboard input
365  Windows. (Note: There is no mouse support yet; you can only use  is available. This makes it a bit akward to use X.
 keyboard input.)  
366    
367    
368    
# Line 409  keyboard input.) Line 373  keyboard input.)
373    
374  <p><br>  <p><br>
375  <a name="netbsdcobaltinstall"></a>  <a name="netbsdcobaltinstall"></a>
376  <h3>Installing NetBSD/cobalt in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>NetBSD/cobalt:</h3>
377    
378  <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/cobalt/">NetBSD/cobalt</a> is tricky  <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/cobalt/">NetBSD/cobalt</a> is tricky
379  to install, because the Cobalt machines were designed for Linux, and not  to install, because the Cobalt machines were designed for Linux, and not
380  very flexible. There is no INSTALL kernel for NetBSD/cobalt. One way to  very flexible. There is no traditional INSTALL kernel for NetBSD/cobalt.
381  install the NetBSD/cobalt distribution onto a disk image is to do it from  One way to install the NetBSD/cobalt distribution onto a disk image is to
382  another (emulated) machine.  do it from another (emulated) machine.
383    
384  <p>  <p>
385  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
386  <a href="20050413-netbsd-cobalt.png"><img src="20050413-netbsd-cobalt_small.png"></a>  <a href="20060812-netbsd-cobalt-3.0.1.png"><img src="20060812-netbsd-cobalt-3.0.1_small.png"></a>
387    
388  <p>  <p>
389  The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/cobalt onto a disk  The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/cobalt onto a disk
# Line 427  image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX Line 391  image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX
391    
392  <p>  <p>
393  <ol>  <ol>
394      <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
395            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
396    </pre>
397      <p>
398    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
399          that you will install NetBSD/cobalt onto:<pre>          that you will install NetBSD/cobalt onto:<pre>
400          $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cobalt.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1999000</b>          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cobalt.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
401    
402  </pre>  </pre>
403    <li>Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0 according to instructions further up    <li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
404          on this page.          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
405    <p>          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/cobaltcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/cobaltcd-3.1.iso</a>
406    <li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt (and gunzip it) and  
407          the 2.0 ISO image:<pre>  </pre>
408          <a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>    <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
409          <a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/cobaltcd.iso">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/cobaltcd.iso</a>          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_cobalt.img -d cobaltcd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
410    
 </pre>(You may want to choose a mirror closer to you, if .se is slow.)  
   <p>  
   <li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre>  
         $ <b>gxemul -b -Edec -e3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d cobaltcd.iso -d nbsd_cobalt.img</b>  
   
 </pre>  
   <li>Log in as root (on the emulated 3MAX machine), and execute the  
         following commands: (adjust according to taste)<pre>  
         # <b>newfs /dev/sd1c</b>  
         # <b>mount /dev/cd0c /mnt</b>  
         # <b>mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2</b>  
         # <b>cd /mnt2; sh</b>  
         # <b>for a in /mnt/cobalt/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done</b>  
         # <b>exit</b>  
         # <b>cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc</b>  
         # <b>echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf</b>  
         # <b>echo "/dev/wd0d / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab</b>  
         # <b>cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>  
411  </pre>  </pre>
412      <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
413    to simulate a CTRL-C sent to NetBSD/pmax. Then execute the following commands:
414    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
415    <b>newfs /dev/sd0c
416    mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
417    mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd0c /mnt2
418    cd /mnt2; sh
419    for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcekmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
420    exit
421    cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
422    echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
423    echo "/dev/wd0d / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
424    cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
425    </pre></td></tr></table>
426  </ol>  </ol>
427    
428  <p>  <p>
429  You should now be able to boot NetBSD/cobalt like this:<pre>  You should now be able to boot NetBSD/cobalt like this:<pre>
430          $ <b>gxemul -b -M128 -E cobalt -d nbsd_cobalt.img netbsd-GENERIC</b>          <b>gxemul -E cobalt -d nbsd_cobalt.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
431  </pre>  </pre>
432    
433  Note that the installation instructions above create a filesystem  Note that the installation instructions above create a filesystem
# Line 473  generic kernel:<pre> Line 437  generic kernel:<pre>
437          root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0d</b>          root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0d</b>
438          dump device (default wd0b): <b>none</b>          dump device (default wd0b): <b>none</b>
439          file system (default generic): <b>ffs</b>          file system (default generic): <b>ffs</b>
440            init path (default /sbin/init):     <i>(just press enter here)</i>
441  </pre>  </pre>
442    
443    
# Line 481  generic kernel:<pre> Line 446  generic kernel:<pre>
446    
447    
448    
449  <!--  <p><br>
450    <a name="netbsdevbmipsinstall"></a>
451    <h3>NetBSD/evbmips:</h3>
452    
453    <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/evbmips/">NetBSD/evbmips</a> can run
454    in GXemul on an emulated Malta evaluation board, with a 5Kc (MIPS64) or
455    4Kc (MIPS32) processor. 5Kc is the default.
456    
457    <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
458    <a href="20060812-netbsd-malta-3.0.1.png"><img src="20060812-netbsd-malta-3.0.1_small.png"></a>
459    
460    <p>One way to install the NetBSD/evbmips distribution onto a disk
461    image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
462    
463    <p>
464    The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/evbmips onto a disk
465    image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
466    
467    <p>
468    <ol>
469      <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
470            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
471    </pre>
472      <p>
473      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
474            that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
475            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_malta.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
476    
477    </pre>
478      <li>Download the Malta kernel and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
479            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/evbmips-mipsel/binary/kernel/netbsd-MALTA.gz</a>
480            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/evbmips-mipselcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/evbmips-mipselcd-3.1.iso</a>
481    
482    </pre>
483      <p>
484      <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
485            <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_malta.img -d evbmips-mipselcd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
486    
487    </pre>
488      <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
489    to simulate a CTRL-C sent to NetBSD/pmax. Then execute the following commands:
490    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
491    <b>newfs /dev/sd0c
492    mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
493    mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd0c /mnt2
494    cd /mnt2; sh
495    for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcemt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
496    exit
497    cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
498    echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
499    echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
500    cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
501    </pre></td></tr></table>
502    </ol>
503    
504    <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbmips using this command:<pre>
505            <b>gxemul -x -e malta -d nbsd_malta.img netbsd-MALTA.gz</b>
506    </pre>
507    
508    <p>NOTE: To select a 4Kc (MIPS32) CPU instead of the default 5Kc
509    (MIPS64) CPU, add <tt><b>-C 4Kc</b></tt> to the command line. With NetBSD
510    3.1, however, there will be little or no difference in functionality, as
511    NetBSD still runs in 32-bit mode on 64-bit MIPS CPUs. There are two things
512    that differ:<ol>
513      <li>The dynamic translation core runs faster when emulating 32-bit
514            processors, so <tt><b>-C 4Kc</b></tt> might make things go faster.
515      <li>4Kc only has 16 TLB entries, whereas 5Kc has 48. This makes 4Kc
516            emulation slower in general, because there are more TLB misses.
517    </ol>
518    
519    <p>The installation instructions above create a filesystem
520    <i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no
521    swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the
522    generic kernel:<pre>
523            root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b>
524            dump device (default wd0b):             <i>(just press enter)</i>
525            file system (default generic):          <i>(just press enter)</i>
526            init path (default /sbin/init):         <i>(just press enter)</i>
527    </pre>
528    
529    
530    
531    
532    
533    
534    
535    
536    
537    
538    
539    
540    
541    
542    <p><br>
543    <a name="netbsdalgorinstall"></a>
544    <h3>NetBSD/algor:</h3>
545    
546    <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/algor/">NetBSD/algor</a> can
547    run in GXemul on an emulated Algorithmics P5064 evaluation board.
548    
549    <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
550    <a href="20060814-netbsd-algor-3.0.1.png"><img src="20060814-netbsd-algor-3.0.1_small.png"></a>
551    
552    <p>One way to install the NetBSD/algor distribution onto a disk
553    image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
554    
555    <p>The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/algor onto a disk
556    image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
557    
558    <p>
559    <ol>
560      <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
561            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
562    </pre>
563      <p>
564      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
565            that you will install NetBSD/algor onto:<pre>
566            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_algor.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
567    
568    </pre>
569      <li>Download the P5064 Algor kernel and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
570            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/algor/binary/kernel/netbsd-P5064.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/algor/binary/kernel/netbsd-P5064.gz</a>
571            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/algorcd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/algorcd-3.1.iso</a>
572    
573    </pre>
574      <p>
575      <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
576            <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_algor.img -d algorcd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
577    
578    </pre>
579      <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
580    to simulate a CTRL-C sent to NetBSD/pmax. Then execute the following commands:
581    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
582    <b>newfs /dev/sd0c
583    mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
584    mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd0c /mnt2
585    cd /mnt2; sh
586    for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcekmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
587    exit
588    cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
589    echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
590    echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
591    cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
592    </pre></td></tr></table>
593    </ol>
594    
595    <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/algor using this command:<pre>
596            <b>gxemul -x -e p5064 -d nbsd_algor.img netbsd-P5064.gz</b>
597    </pre>
598    
599    <p>The installation instructions above create a filesystem
600    <i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no
601    swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the
602    generic kernel:<pre>
603            root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b>
604            dump device (default wd0b):             <i>(just press enter)</i>
605            file system (default generic):          <i>(just press enter)</i>
606            init path (default /sbin/init):         <i>(just press enter)</i>
607    </pre>
608    
609    
610    
611    
612    
613    
614    
615    
616    
617    
618    
619    
620  <p><br>  <p><br>
621  <a name="netbsdsgimips"></a>  <a name="netbsdsgimips"></a>
622  <h3>Running NetBSD/sgimips in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>NetBSD/sgimips:</h3>
623    
624    <p>
625    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
626    <a href="20060623-netbsd-sgimips-3.0.png"><img src="20060623-netbsd-sgimips-3.0_small.png"></a>
627    
628  <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/sgimips/">NetBSD/sgimips</a>  <p><a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/sgimips/">NetBSD/sgimips</a> can run
629  can theoretically run in GXemul on an emulated O2 (SGI-IP32) with root on nfs.  in GXemul on an emulated O2 (SGI-IP32). However, GXemul does not yet
630    emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in the O2. (I have mailed Adaptec
631    several times, asking for documentation, but never received any reply.)
632    NetBSD can still run in the emulator, as long as it doesn't use SCSI.
633    
634    <p>For a simple test with the ramdisk/install kernel, try
635    dowloading<pre>
636            <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
637    
638    </pre>and run&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><tt>gxemul -x -e o2 netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</tt></b>.
639    
640    <p>It is possible to set up an environment for netbooting the emulated SGI
641    machine off of another emulated machine. Performing this setup is quite
642    time consuming, but necessary:
643    
644  <p>  <p>
645  <font color="#ff0000">NOTE: I haven't succeeded with this yet.</font>  <ol>
646      <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
647            This needs to have a 750 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
648            <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.1 from CDROM</a>.
649            (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
650      <p>
651      <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
652            Start up the emulated DECstation:<pre>
653            <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
654    </pre>and enter the following commands as <tt>root</tt>
655            inside the emulator:
656    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
657    <b>echo hostname=server &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
658    echo ifconfig_le0=\"inet 10.0.0.2\" &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
659    echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /etc/resolv.conf
660    echo 10.0.0.254 &gt; /etc/mygate
661    echo /tftpboot -maproot=root 10.0.0.1 &gt; /etc/exports
662    echo rpcbind=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
663    echo nfs_server=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
664    echo mountd=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
665    echo bootparamd=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
666    printf "client root=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot \\\n swap=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot/swap\n" &gt; /etc/bootparams
667    echo "bootps dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/bootpd bootpd -d 4 -h 10.0.0.2" &gt;&gt; /etc/inetd.conf
668    cat &gt;&gt; /etc/bootptab
669    client:\
670            :ht=ether:\
671            :ha=102030000010:\
672            :sm=255.0.0.0:\
673            :lg=10.0.0.254:\
674            :ip=10.0.0.1:\
675            :rp=/tftpboot:
676    </b>(press CTRL-D)
677    <b>echo "10:20:30:00:00:10 client" &gt; /etc/ethers
678    echo 10.0.0.1 client &gt; /etc/hosts
679    reboot</b>
680    </pre></td></tr></table>
681      <p>
682      <li>Download the NetBSD/sgimips CD-ROM iso image, and the
683            GENERIC and INSTALL kernels:<pre>
684            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/sgimipscd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/sgimipscd-3.1.iso</a>
685            <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz</a>
686            <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/sgimips/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</a>
687    
688    </pre>
689      <li>Start the DECstation emulation again:<pre>
690            <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d sgimipscd-3.1.iso</b>
691    
692    </pre>and extract the files from the sgimips CD-ROM image to the
693            DECstation disk image:
694    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
695    <b>cd /tftpboot; mount /dev/cd0a /mnt
696    for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcegmt]*; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
697    echo 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot / nfs rw 0 0 &gt; /tftpboot/etc/fstab
698    echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
699    echo 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/mygate
700    echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/resolv.conf
701    echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
702    dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=65536
703    cd /; umount /mnt; halt</b>
704    </pre></td></tr></table>
705      <p>
706      <li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>:
707    <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
708    <font color="#2020cf">!  Configuration file for running NetBSD/sgimips diskless with
709    !  a NetBSD/pmax machine as the nfs server.</font>
710    
711    <b>net(
712            add_remote("localhost:12444")   </b>! the server<b>
713            local_port(12445)               </b>! the client<b>
714    )
715    
716    machine(
717            name("client machine")
718            serial_nr(1)
719    
720            type("sgi")
721            subtype("o2")
722    
723            load("netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz")</b>
724            ! load("netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz")<b>
725    )
726    </b>
727    </pre></td></tr></table>
728            ... and another configuration file for the server,
729            <tt>config_server</tt>:
730    <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
731    <b>net(
732            local_port(12444)               </b>! the server<b>
733            add_remote("localhost:12445")   </b>! the client<b>
734    )
735    
736    machine(
737            name("nfs server")
738            serial_nr(2)
739    
740            type("dec")
741            subtype("5000/200")
742    
743            disk("nbsd_pmax.img")
744    )
745    </b>
746    </pre></td></tr></table>
747      <li>Boot the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" and the NetBSD/sgimips
748            "<tt>client machine</tt>" as two separate emulator instances:<pre>
749            in one xterm:
750            <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
751    
752            and then, in another xterm:
753            <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
754    
755    </pre>
756      <li>In the NetBSD/sgimips window, choose "<tt>x: Exit Install System</tt>"
757            in the installer's main menu, and then type:<pre>
758            <b>ifconfig mec0 10.0.0.1; route add default 10.0.0.254</b>
759            <b>mount -v 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot /mnt</b>
760            <b>cd /mnt/dev; ./MAKEDEV all; cd /; umount /mnt</b>
761            <b>halt</b>
762    </pre>Then, once the client machine has halted, log in as <tt>root</tt>
763            on the server machine and type <tt><b>reboot</b></tt>.
764      <p>
765      <li>Once everything has been set up correctly, change
766            <tt>netbsd-INSTALL32_IP3x.gz</tt> in <tt>config_client</tt> to
767            <tt>netbsd-GENERIC32_IP3x.gz</tt> (the GENERIC kernel).
768    </ol>
769    
770    <p>You might want to log in as <tt>root</tt> on the server machine, and
771    run <tt>tcpdump -lnvv</tt> or similar, to see that what the client machine
772    actually does on the network.
773    
774    <p>It should now be possible to boot NetBSD/sgimips using the NetBSD/pmax
775    nfs server, using the following commands: (NOTE! Execute these two
776    commands in separate xterms!)<pre>
777            <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
778            <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
779    </pre>
780    
781    <p>When asked for "<tt>root device:</tt>" etc. on the client machine, enter
782    the following values:<pre>
783            root device: <b>mec0</b>
784            dump device:                            <b>(leave blank)</b>
785            file system (default generic):          <b>(leave blank)</b>
786            ..
787            init path (default /sbin/init):         <b>(leave blank)</b>
788            Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for /bin/sh:  <b>(leave blank)</b>
789            Terminal type? [unknown] <b>xterm</b>
790            ..
791            # <b>exit</b>                   (to leave the single-user shell)
792    </pre>
793    
794    <p>Note: Netbooting like this is very slow, so you need a lot of patience.
795    For example, when NetBSD says "<tt>nfs_boot: trying DHCP/BOOTP</tt>",
796    there will be a long pause, even on a very fast host machine. The reason
797    for this is mostly because the emulator doesn't deal with timing issues
798    very well, but also because NetBSD tries IPv6 first, before falling back
799    to IPv4.
800    
801    
802    
803    
804    
805    
806    <p><br>
807    <a name="netbsdcatsinstall"></a>
808    <h3>NetBSD/cats:</h3>
809    
810    It is possible to install and run
811    <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/cats/">NetBSD/cats</a> in GXemul.
812    
813    <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
814    <a href="20051007-netbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-netbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a>
815    
816  <p>  <p>
817  See the section on <a href="#openbsdsgiinstall">how to run OpenBSD/sgi</a>  To install NetBSD/cats onto a disk image, follow these instructions:
 for more information.  
818    
819  <p>  <p>
820  TODO...  <ol start="1">
821      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
822            that you will install NetBSD/cats onto:<pre>
823            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
824    
825  <pre>  </pre>
826  cd /x; ftp -i ftp.se.netbsd.org    <li>Download the NetBSD/cats 3.1 ISO image and the generic and install kernels:<pre>
827  ..          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/catscd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/catscd-3.1.iso</a>
828  cd pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/sgimips/binary/sets          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</a>
829  mget *.tgz          <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a>
830    
831    </pre>
832      <p>
833      <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
834            <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img -d catscd-3.1.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
835    
836    </pre>
837            and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real
838            CATS from CDROM.
839    </ol>
840    
841    <p>Alternatively, to install from FTP, you can skip downloading the ISO,
842    and start the install without <tt>-d catscd-3.1.iso</tt>. Suitable network
843    settings are IP 10.0.0.1, gateway/default route 10.0.0.254, netmask
844    255.0.0.0, nameserver 10.0.0.254.
845    
846    <p>If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image.
847    Use the following command line to boot the emulated CATS machine:<pre>
848            <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_cats.img netbsd.aout-GENERIC.gz</b>
849    
850    </pre>
851    
852    
853    
854    
855    
856    
857    
858    <p><br>
859    <a name="netbsdevbarminstall"></a>
860    <h3>NetBSD/evbarm:</h3>
861    
862    <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/evbarm/">NetBSD/evbarm</a> can
863    run in GXemul on an emulated IQ80321 evaluation board.
864    
865    <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
866    <a href="20060218-netbsd-evbarm.png"><img src="20060218-netbsd-evbarm_small.png"></a>
867    
868    <p>It is tricky to install, because there is (as far as I know) no INSTALL
869    kernel. One way to install the NetBSD/evbarm distribution onto a disk
870    image is to install the files using another (emulated) machine.
871    
872    <p>The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/evbarm onto a disk
873    image, from an emulated CATS machine:
874    
875    <p>
876    <ol>
877      <li>Download a NetBSD/cats 3.1 ramdisk kernel:<pre>
878            <b>wget <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a></b>
879    
880    </pre>
881      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
882            that you will install NetBSD/evbarm onto:<pre>
883            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_iq80321.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
884    
885    </pre>
886      <li>Download an IQ80321 kernel with wdc support, and the 2.1 ISO image:<pre>
887            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbarm/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbarm/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/evbarm/binary/kernel/netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz">netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz</a>
888            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbarmcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/evbarmcd.iso</a>
889    
890    </pre>
891      <p>
892      <li>Now let's extract the files from the CD-ROM image onto the IQ80321's disk image. Start the
893            CATS machine using the following command line:<pre>
894            <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_iq80321.img -d evbarmcd.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
895    
896    </pre>Exit from the installer, and execute the following commands as <tt>root</tt>:
897    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
898    
899    <b>disklabel -I -i wd0</b>
900        (enter suitable commands, e.g. <i>a, 4.2BSD, 1c, 750M, b,
901         swap, a, 200M, P, W, y, Q</i>)
902    <b>newfs /dev/wd0a; mount /dev/wd0a /mnt2; cd /mnt2
903    mount /dev/cd0a /mnt; sh
904    for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcegmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
905  exit  exit
906  sh  cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
907  for a in etc.tgz base.tgz comp.tgz; do tar zxvfp $a; done  echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; rc.conf
908    echo "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1" &gt; fstab
909    echo "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0" &gt;&gt; fstab
910    cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; sync; halt</b>
911    </pre></td></tr></table>
912    </ol>
913    
914    <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/evbarm using this command:<pre>
915            <b>gxemul -x -E iq80321 -d nbsd_iq80321.img netbsd-wd0-IQ80321.gz</b>
916  </pre>  </pre>
917    
918  -->  
919    
920    
921    
# Line 520  for a in etc.tgz base.tgz comp.tgz; do t Line 924  for a in etc.tgz base.tgz comp.tgz; do t
924    
925    
926  <p><br>  <p><br>
927  <a name="openbsdinstall"></a>  <a name="netbsdnetwinderinstall"></a>
928  <h3>Installing OpenBSD/pmax in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>NetBSD/netwinder:</h3>
929    
930    It is possible to run <a
931    href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/netwinder/">NetBSD/netwinder</a>
932    in GXemul.
933    
934    <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
935    <a href="20060724-netbsd-netwinder-1.png"><img src="20060724-netbsd-netwinder-1_small.png"></a>
936    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="20060724-netbsd-netwinder-2.png"><img src="20060724-netbsd-netwinder-2_small.png"></a>
937    
938    <p>There is no INSTALL ramdisk kernel, so one way to install the
939    NetBSD/netwinder distribution onto a disk image is to install the files
940    using another (emulated) machine. The following instructions will let you
941    install the NetBSD/netwinder distribution onto a disk image, from an
942    emulated DECstation 3MAX machine:
943    
944    <p>
945    <ol>
946      <li>Download a NetBSD/pmax (DECstation) install RAMDISK kernel:<pre>
947            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
948    </pre>
949      <p>
950      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
951            that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
952            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_netwinder.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
953    
954    </pre>
955      <li>Download the generic kernel and the 3.1 ISO image:<pre>
956            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/netwinder/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
957            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/netwindercd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/netwindercd-3.1.iso</a>
958    
959    </pre>
960      <p>
961      <li>Start the emulated DECstation machine like this:<pre>
962            <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_netwinder.img -d netwindercd-3.1.iso netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
963    
964    </pre>
965      <li>At the <tt>Terminal type? [rcons]</tt> prompt, type <b>CTRL-B</b>
966    to simulate a CTRL-C sent to NetBSD/pmax. Then execute the following commands:
967    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
968    <b>newfs /dev/sd0c
969    mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
970    mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd0c /mnt2
971    cd /mnt2; sh
972    for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
973    exit
974    cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
975    echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
976    echo "/dev/wd0c / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
977    cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
978    </pre></td></tr></table>
979    </ol>
980    
981    <p>NetBSD/netwinder is now installed on the disk image. The following command
982    line can be used to start NetBSD/netwinder:<pre>
983            <b>gxemul -X -E netwinder -d nbsd_netwinder.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
984    </pre>
985    
986    <p>This will result in a 1024x768 framebuffer. Add <tt>-Y2</tt> to the
987    command line if you want to scale it down to 512x384.
988    
989    <p>Note: The installation instructions above create a filesystem
990    <i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no
991    swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the
992    generic kernel:<pre>
993            root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0c</b>
994            dump device (default wd0b): <i>(just press enter)</i>
995            file system (default generic):    <i>(just press enter)</i>
996            init path (default /sbin/init):   <i>(just press enter)</i>
997    </pre>
998    
999    <p>Known bugs/problems:
1000    
1001    <ul>
1002            <li>There is a long delay when starting up NetBSD/netwinder
1003                    (several seconds even on a very fast host machine),
1004                    so you need to be patient.
1005            <li>There is a minor bug in the keyboard device, so you need to
1006                    press a key (any key) before typing wd0c.
1007            <li>When halting/rebooting NetBSD/netwinder, the emulator
1008                    prints a message saying something about an internal
1009                    error. This doesn't matter; ignore the message.
1010    </ul>
1011    
1012    
1013    
1014    
1015    
1016    
1017    
1018    
1019    
1020    
1021    
1022    
1023    <p><br>
1024    <a name="netbsdprepinstall"></a>
1025    <h3>NetBSD/prep:</h3>
1026    
1027    It is possible to install and run <a
1028    href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/prep/">NetBSD/prep</a> 2.1 in GXemul on
1029    an emulated IBM 6050 (PowerPC) machine. (Newer versions of NetBSD/prep use
1030    the wdc controller in a way which isn't implemented in GXemul yet, or
1031    there are bugs in GXemul's PowerPC CPU emulation.)
1032    
1033    <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1034    <a href="20051123-netbsd-prep.png"><img src="20051123-netbsd-prep_small.png"></a>
1035    
1036    <p>To install NetBSD/prep onto a disk image, follow these instructions:
1037    
1038    <p>
1039    <ol start="1">
1040      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
1041            that you will install NetBSD/prep onto:<pre>
1042        <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_prep.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1000000</b>
1043    
1044    </pre>
1045      <li>Download the NetBSD/prep 2.1 ISO image and the generic kernel:<pre>
1046        <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/prepcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.1/prepcd.iso</a>
1047        <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a>
1048    
1049    </pre>
1050      <p>
1051      <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
1052        <b>gxemul -X -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img -d rdb:prepcd.iso -j prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
1053    
1054    </pre>
1055      <p>
1056      <li>Installation is a bit unsmooth, possibly due to bugs in GXemul,
1057            possibly due to bugs in NetBSD itself; others have been having
1058            problems on real hardware: <a href="http://mail-index.NetBSD.org/port-prep/2005/11/25/0004.html">http://mail-index.NetBSD.org/port-prep/2005/11/25/0004.html</a>.
1059            Creating an MBR slice and a disklabel with sysinst bugs out, so
1060            some things have to be done manually:<p>
1061            At "<tt>(I)nstall, (S)hell, or (H)alt</tt>", choose
1062                    <tt><b><u>s</u></b></tt>.
1063            <br><tt># <b><u>fdisk -u wd0</u></b></tt>
1064            <br><tt>Do you want to change our idea of what BIOS thinks? [n]</tt>
1065                    (just press <b>ENTER</b>)
1066            <br><tt>Which partition do you want to change?: [none] <b><u>0</u></b></tt>
1067            <br><tt>sysid: ... </tt> (just press <B>ENTER</b>)
1068            <br><tt>start: ... <b><u>1cyl</u></b></tt>
1069            <br><tt>size: ... </tt> (just press <B>ENTER</b>)
1070            <br><tt>Which partition do you want to change?: [none]</tt> (press <b>ENTER</b>)
1071            <br><tt>Should we write new partition table? [n] <b><u>y</u></b></tt>
1072            <br><tt># <b><u>disklabel -I -i wd0</u></b></tt>
1073            <br><tt>partition&gt; <b><u>a</u></b></tt>
1074            <br><tt>Filesystem type [?] [unused]: <b><u>4.2BSD</u></b></tt>
1075            <br><tt>Start offset ('x' to start after partition 'x') [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>1c</u></b></tt>
1076            <br><tt>Partition size ('$' for all remaining) [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>900M</u></b></tt>
1077            <br><tt>partition&gt; <b><u>b</u></b></tt>
1078            <br><tt>Filesystem type [?] [unused]: <b><u>swap</u></b></tt>
1079            <br><tt>Start offset ('x' to start after partition 'x') [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>a</u></b></tt>
1080            <br><tt>Partition size ('$' for all remaining) [0c, 0s, 0M]: <b><u>$</u></b></tt>
1081            <br><tt>partition&gt; <b><u>W</u></b></tt>
1082            <br><tt>Label disk [n]? <b><u>y</u></b></tt>
1083            <br><tt>partition&gt; <b><u>Q</u></b></tt>
1084            <br><tt># <b><u>newfs wd0a</u></b></tt>
1085            <br><tt># <b><u>sysinst</u></b></tt>
1086            <br>Choose to install onto <b>wd0</b>. Choose
1087                    "<tt>a: Edit the MBR partition table</tt>"
1088                    when presented with that option.
1089            <br>Choose the 'a' partition/slice,
1090                    set the 'e' ("active") and 'f' ("install") fields to <b>Yes</b>,
1091                    and then choose "<tt>x: Partition table OK</tt>".
1092            <br>Choose "<tt>b: Use existing partition sizes</tt>" in the next
1093                    menu.
1094            <br>Select partition 'a' and press ENTER. Set field 'k' (mount point)
1095                    to '<tt><b>/</b></tt>'.
1096            <br>Get out of the partitioner by selecting
1097                    "<tt>x: Partition sizes ok</tt>" twice.
1098            <br>At "<tt>Write outside MBR partition? [n]:</tt>", just press
1099                    <b>ENTER</b>.
1100            <br>Install from CD-ROM, device <b>wd1c</b>.
1101    </ol>
1102    
1103    <p>If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image.
1104    Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre>
1105            <b>gxemul -X -e ibm6050 -d nbsd_prep.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
1106    
1107    </pre>
1108    
1109    <p>When asked which the root device is, type <tt><b>wd0</b></tt> and
1110    just press ENTER to select the default values for dump device, file
1111    system type, and init path.
1112    
1113    
1114    
1115    
1116    
1117    
1118  Installing OpenBSD/pmax is a bit harder than installing NetBSD/pmax.  
1119  You should first read the section above on how to install NetBSD/pmax,  
1120    
1121    
1122    
1123    
1124    <p><br>
1125    <a name="netbsdmacppcinstall"></a>
1126    <h3>NetBSD/macppc:</h3>
1127    
1128    It is possible to install and run <a
1129    href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/macppc/">NetBSD/macppc</a> in GXemul on
1130    an emulated generic PowerPC machine. No specific Machintosh model is
1131    emulated, but it is enough to for NetBSD to recognize it.
1132    
1133    <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1134    <a href="20070318-netbsd-macppc.png"><img src="20070318-netbsd-macppc_small.png"></a>
1135    
1136    <p>To install NetBSD/macppc onto a disk image, follow these instructions:
1137    
1138    <p>
1139    <ol start="1">
1140      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
1141            that you will install NetBSD/macppc onto:<pre>
1142        <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_macppc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3000000</b>
1143    
1144    </pre>
1145      <li>Download the NetBSD/macppc 3.1 ISO image and a generic kernel:<pre>
1146        <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/macppccd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/macppccd-3.1.iso</a>
1147        <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/macppc/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/macppc/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</a>
1148    
1149    </pre>
1150      <p>
1151      <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
1152        <b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img -d b:macppccd-3.1.iso -j macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
1153    
1154    </pre>
1155            and continue as you would do when installing NetBSD on a real
1156            machine.
1157      <p>
1158      <li>Before turning the emulated machine off, quit the NetBSD installer
1159            and execute the following commands:<pre>
1160            <b>cd /; mount /dev/wd0a /mnt
1161            echo 'console "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" vt100 on secure' > /mnt/etc/ttys
1162            echo 'rc_configured=YES' >> /mnt/etc/rc.conf
1163            umount /mnt; sync
1164            reboot</b>
1165    
1166    </pre>
1167    </ol>
1168    
1169    <p>If everything worked, NetBSD/macppc should now be installed on
1170    the disk image.
1171    
1172    <p>Use the following command line to boot the emulated machine:<pre>
1173            <b>gxemul -x -e g4 -d nbsd_macppc.img netbsd-GENERIC.MP.gz</b>
1174    
1175    </pre>
1176    
1177    <p>If asked about <tt>root device</tt>, enter <tt><b>wd0</b></tt>.
1178    
1179    
1180    
1181    
1182    
1183    
1184    
1185    
1186    
1187    
1188    
1189    <p><br>
1190    <a name="netbsdpmppc"></a>
1191    <h3>NetBSD/pmppc:</h3>
1192    
1193    <p><a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/pmppc/">NetBSD/pmppc</a> can
1194    run in GXemul on an emulated Artesyn PM/PPC board. Currently, no SCSI or other
1195    disk controller is emulated for this machine type, but it is possible to run
1196    NetBSD with root-on-nfs.
1197    
1198    <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1199    <a href="20070616-netbsd-pmppc-diskless.png"><img src="20070616-netbsd-pmppc-diskless_small.png"></a>
1200    
1201    <p>These setup steps will let you run NetBSD/pmppc with root-on-nfs:
1202    
1203    <p>
1204    <ol>
1205      <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
1206            This needs to have a 750 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
1207            <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.1 from CDROM</a>.
1208            (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
1209      <p>
1210      <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
1211            Start up the emulated DECstation:<pre>
1212            <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
1213    </pre>and enter the following commands as <tt>root</tt>
1214            inside the emulator:
1215    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
1216    <b>echo hostname=server &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
1217    echo ifconfig_le0=\"inet 10.0.0.2\" &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
1218    echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /etc/resolv.conf
1219    echo 10.0.0.254 &gt; /etc/mygate
1220    echo /tftpboot -maproot=root 10.0.0.1 &gt; /etc/exports
1221    echo rpcbind=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
1222    echo nfs_server=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
1223    echo mountd=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
1224    echo bootparamd=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
1225    printf "client root=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot \\\n swap=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot/swap\n" &gt; /etc/bootparams
1226    echo "bootps dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/bootpd bootpd -d 4 -h 10.0.0.2" &gt;&gt; /etc/inetd.conf
1227    cat &gt;&gt; /etc/bootptab
1228    client:\
1229            :ht=ether:\
1230            :ha=102030000010:\
1231            :sm=255.0.0.0:\
1232            :lg=10.0.0.254:\
1233            :ip=10.0.0.1:\
1234            :rp=/tftpboot:
1235    </b>(press CTRL-D)
1236    <b>echo "10:20:30:00:00:10 client" &gt; /etc/ethers
1237    echo 10.0.0.1 client &gt; /etc/hosts
1238    reboot</b>
1239    </pre></td></tr></table>
1240      <p>
1241      <li>Download the NetBSD/pmppc CD-ROM iso image, and the GENERIC kernel:<pre>
1242            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/pmppccd-3.1.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/3.1/pmppccd-3.1.iso</a>
1243            <a href="ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-PMPPC.gz">ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/pmppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-PMPPC.gz</a>
1244    
1245    </pre>
1246      <li>Start the DECstation emulation again:<pre>
1247            <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d pmppccd-3.1.iso</b>
1248    
1249    </pre>and extract the files from the PM/PPC CD-ROM image to the
1250            DECstation disk image:
1251    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
1252    <b>cd /tftpboot; mount /dev/cd0a /mnt
1253    for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcemt]*; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
1254    echo 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot / nfs rw 0 0 &gt; /tftpboot/etc/fstab
1255    echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
1256    echo 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/mygate
1257    echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/resolv.conf
1258    echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; /tftpboot/etc/rc.conf
1259    dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=65536
1260    cd /tftpboot/dev; sh MAKEDEV all
1261    cd /; umount /mnt; halt</b>
1262    </pre></td></tr></table>
1263      <p>
1264      <li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>:
1265    <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
1266    <font color="#2020cf">!  Configuration file for running NetBSD/pmppc diskless with
1267    !  a NetBSD/pmax machine as the nfs server.</font>
1268    
1269    <b>net(
1270            add_remote("localhost:12444")   </b>! the server<b>
1271            local_port(12445)               </b>! the client<b>
1272    )
1273    
1274    machine(
1275            name("client machine")
1276            serial_nr(1)
1277    
1278            type("pmppc")
1279    
1280            load("netbsd-PMPPC.gz")</b>
1281    )
1282    </b>
1283    </pre></td></tr></table>
1284            ... and another configuration file for the server,
1285            <tt>config_server</tt>:
1286    <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
1287    <b>net(
1288            local_port(12444)               </b>! the server<b>
1289            add_remote("localhost:12445")   </b>! the client<b>
1290    )
1291    
1292    machine(
1293            name("nfs server")
1294            serial_nr(2)
1295    
1296            type("dec")
1297            subtype("5000/200")
1298    
1299            disk("nbsd_pmax.img")
1300    )
1301    </b>
1302    </pre></td></tr></table>
1303    </ol>
1304    
1305    <p>It should now be possible to boot NetBSD/pmppc using the NetBSD/pmax
1306    nfs server, using the following commands: (NOTE! Execute these two
1307    commands in separate xterms!)<pre>
1308            <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
1309            <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
1310    </pre>
1311    
1312    <p>You might want to log in as <tt>root</tt> on the server machine, and
1313    run <tt>tcpdump -lnvv</tt> or similar, to see that what the client machine
1314    actually does on the network.
1315    
1316    <p>When asked for "<tt>root device:</tt>" etc. on the client machine, enter
1317    the following values:<pre>
1318            root device: <b>tlp0</b>
1319            dump device:                            <b>(leave blank)</b>
1320            file system (default generic):          <b>(leave blank)</b>
1321            ..
1322            init path (default /sbin/init):         <b>(leave blank)</b>
1323    </pre>
1324    
1325    
1326    
1327    
1328    
1329    
1330    
1331    
1332    
1333    <p><br>
1334    <a name="netbsddreamcast"></a>
1335    <h3>NetBSD/dreamcast:</h3>
1336    
1337    Moved <a href="dreamcast.html#netbsd_generic_md">here</a>.
1338    
1339    
1340    
1341    
1342    
1343    
1344    
1345    
1346    
1347    <p><br>
1348    <a name="openbsdpmaxinstall"></a>
1349    <h3>OpenBSD/pmax:</h3>
1350    
1351    Installing <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/pmax.html">OpenBSD/pmax</a> is
1352    a bit harder than installing NetBSD/pmax. You should first read the <a
1353    href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">section above</a> on how to install NetBSD/pmax,
1354  before continuing here. If you have never installed OpenBSD on any  before continuing here. If you have never installed OpenBSD on any
1355  architecture, then you need a great deal of patience to do this.  architecture, then you need a great deal of patience to do this. If, on
1356  If, on the other hand you are used to installing OpenBSD, then  the other hand you are used to installing OpenBSD, then this should be no
1357  this should be no problem for you.  problem for you.
1358    
1359  <p>  <p>
1360  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# Line 549  common sense and imagination to modify t Line 1375  common sense and imagination to modify t
1375  <ol>  <ol>
1376    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
1377          that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>          that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
1378          $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_pmax.img bs=1 count=512 seek=900000000</b>          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_pmax.img bs=1 count=512 seek=900000000</b>
1379    
1380  </pre>  </pre>
1381    <li>Download the entire pmax directory from the ftp server: (approx. 99 MB)<pre>    <li>Download the entire pmax directory from the ftp server: (approx. 99 MB)<pre>
1382          $ <b>wget -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/</a></b>          <b>wget -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/</a></b>
1383    
1384  </pre>  </pre>
1385    
1386    <li>Execute the following commands:<pre>    <li>Execute the following commands:
1387          $ <b>mv ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/simpleroot28.fs.gz .</b>  <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
1388          $ <b>gunzip simpleroot28.fs.gz</b>  <b>mv ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/simpleroot28.fs.gz .
1389          $ <b>chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b>               &lt;--- make sure  gunzip simpleroot28.fs.gz
1390    chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b>            &lt;--- make sure
1391  </pre>  </pre></td></tr></table>
1392    <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.    <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
1393          I recommend using <b>mkisofs</b> for that purpose. If you don't already          (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
1394          have mkisofs installed on your system, you need to install that in          already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
1395          order to do this.<pre>          to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
1396          $ <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax</b>          <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax</b>
1397            <b>rm -rf ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>      <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i>
1398    
1399  </pre>  </pre>
1400    <li>Start the emulator with all three (!) disk images:<pre>    <li>Start the emulator with all three (!) disk images:<pre>
1401          $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -b -d obsd_pmax.img -d b:simpleroot28.fs -j bsd -d c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso</b>          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d obsd_pmax.img -d b:simpleroot28.fs -j bsd -d c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso</b>
1402    
1403  </pre>  </pre>
1404          (If you add -X, you will run with the graphical framebuffer. This is <i>REALLY</i> slow          (If you add <tt>-X</tt>, you will run with the graphical
1405          because the console has to scroll a lot during the install. I don't recommend it.)          framebuffer. This is <i>REALLY</i> slow because the console has to
1406            scroll a lot during the install. I don't recommend it.)
1407    <p>    <p>
1408    <li>Go on with the installation as you would do if you were installing on a real machine.    <li>Go on with the installation as you would do if you were installing on a real machine.
1409          If you are not used to the OpenBSD installer, then this will most likely          If you are not used to the OpenBSD installer, then this will most likely
# Line 587  common sense and imagination to modify t Line 1415  common sense and imagination to modify t
1415            <li>When asked for the "<b>root device?</b>", enter <b>rz1</b>.            <li>When asked for the "<b>root device?</b>", enter <b>rz1</b>.
1416            <li>At "<b>Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:</b>", press enter.            <li>At "<b>Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:</b>", press enter.
1417            <li>At the # prompt, do the following:<pre>            <li>At the # prompt, do the following:<pre>
1418          $ <b>fsck /dev/rz1a</b>        (and mark the filesystem as clean)          <b>fsck /dev/rz1a</b>        (and mark the filesystem as clean)
1419          $ <b>mount /dev/rz1a /</b>          <b>mount /dev/rz1a /</b>
1420          $ <b>mount -t kernfs kern kern</b>          <b>mkdir /kern</b>
1421          $ <b>./install</b>          <b>mkdir /mnt2</b>
1422            <b>mount -t kernfs kern kern</b>
1423            <b>./install</b>
1424    
1425  </pre>  </pre>
1426                  and proceed with the install. Good luck. :-)                  and proceed with the install. Good luck. :-)
# Line 601  common sense and imagination to modify t Line 1431  common sense and imagination to modify t
1431                  the directory containing the install sets.                  the directory containing the install sets.
1432          </ul>          </ul>
1433    <p>    <p>
1434    <li>    <li>For some unknown reason, the install script does not set the root
1435  For some unknown reason, the install script does not set the root          password! The first time you boot up OpenBSD after the install, you
1436  password! The first time you boot up OpenBSD after the install, you          need to go into single user mode and run <b>passwd root</b> to set
1437  need to go into single user mode and run <b>passwd root</b> to set          the root password, or you will not be able to log in at all!<pre>
1438  the root password, or you will not be able to log in at all!          <b>gxemul -e 3max -d obsd_pmax.img -d 2c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso -j bsd -o '-s'</b>
 <pre>  
         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -b -d obsd_pmax.img -d 2c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso -j bsd -o '-s'</b>  
1439  </pre>  </pre>
1440  While you are at it, you might want to extract the X11 install sets  While you are at it, you might want to extract the X11 install sets
1441  as well, as the installer seems to ignore them too. (Perhaps due to a bug  as well, as the installer seems to ignore them too. (Perhaps due to a bug
1442  in the installer, perhaps because of the way I used mkisofs.)  in the installer, perhaps because of the way I used mkisofs.)
1443  <p>  <p>
1444  Execute the following commands in the emulator:  Execute the following commands in the emulator:
1445  <pre>  <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
1446          # <b>fsck /dev/rz0a</b>  <b>fsck /dev/rz0a
1447          # <b>mount /</b>  mount /
1448          # <b>passwd root</b>  passwd root
1449    
1450          # <b>cd /</b>  cd /; mount -t cd9660 /dev/rz2c /mnt; sh
1451          # <b>mount -t cd9660 /dev/rz2c /mnt</b>  for a in /mnt/[xX]*; do tar zxvf $a; done
1452          # <b>sh</b>  ln -s /usr/X11R6/bin/Xcfbpmax /usr/X11R6/bin/X
1453          # <b>for a in /mnt/[xX]*; do tar zxvf $a; done</b>  ln -s /dev/fb0 /dev/mouse
1454          # <b>ln -s /usr/X11R6/bin/Xcfbpmax /usr/X11R6/bin/X</b>  echo /usr/X11R6/lib &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf
1455          # <b>ln -s /dev/fb0 /dev/mouse</b>  ldconfig
1456          # <b>echo /usr/X11R6/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf</b>  
1457          # <b>ldconfig</b>  sync
1458    halt</b>
1459          # <b>sync</b>  </pre></td></tr></table>
         # <b>halt</b>  
 </pre>  
1460  </ol>  </ol>
1461    
1462  <p>  <p>
# Line 643  root password, and so on. Line 1469  root password, and so on.
1469  Once you have completed the installation procedure, the following command  Once you have completed the installation procedure, the following command
1470  will let you boot from the new rootdisk image:  will let you boot from the new rootdisk image:
1471  <pre>  <pre>
1472          $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -b -X -M64 -o '-aN' -d obsd_pmax.img -j bsd</b>          <b>gxemul -e 3max -X -o '-aN' -d obsd_pmax.img -j bsd</b>
1473  </pre>  </pre>
1474    
1475  <p>  <p>
1476  OpenBSD/pmax seems to work fine with dynamic binary translation (enabled  (Normally, you would be asked about which root device to use (<tt>rz0</tt>),
1477  by the <b>-b</b> command line option).  but using <b><tt>-o '-aN'</tt></b> supresses that.)
1478    
1479  <p>  <p>
 (Normally, you would be asked about which root device to use (rz0), but  
 using -o '-aN' supresses that.)  
 <p>  
1480  When asked for which terminal type to use, when logging in as root,  When asked for which terminal type to use, when logging in as root,
1481  enter <b>rcons</b> if you are using the graphical framebuffer,  enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are using the graphical framebuffer,
1482  <b>vt100</b> for text-mode.  <b><tt>vt100</tt></b> for text-mode.
1483  <br>Use <b>startx</b> to start X windows.  <br>Use <b><tt>startx</tt></b> to start X windows.
1484    
1485    
1486    
1487    
1488    
1489    
 <p><br>  
 <a name="openbsdarcinstall"></a>  
 <h3>Installing OpenBSD/arc in GXemul:</h3>  
1490    
 It is possible to run OpenBSD/arc on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the  
 emulator.  
1491    
 <p>  
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
 <a href="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed.gif"><img src="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed_small.gif"></a>  
1492    
1493  <p>  <p><br>
1494  (You should be aware of the fact that OpenBSD for the ARC platform died at  <a name="openbsdcatsinstall"></a>
1495  release 2.3, so this will not give you an up-to-date OpenBSD system.  <h3>OpenBSD/cats:</h3>
 See  
 <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html">http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html</a>  
 for more information.)  
1496    
1497  <p>  It is possible to install and run
1498  To install OpenBSD/arc onto an emulated harddisk image, follow these  <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html">OpenBSD/cats</a>
1499  instructions:  in GXemul. Unfortunately, "The OpenBSD/cats port has been discontinued
1500    after the 4.0 release." according to
1501    <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html">http://www.openbsd.org/cats.html</a>,
1502    but 4.0 should run fine.
1503    
1504    <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1505    <a href="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed.png"><img src="20051007-openbsd-cats-installed_small.png"></a>
1506    
1507    <p>To install OpenBSD/cats onto an emulated harddisk image,
1508    follow these instructions:
1509    
1510  <p>  <p>
1511  <ol>  <ol>
1512    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
1513          that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>          that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
1514          $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1900000</b>
1515    
1516  </pre>  </pre>
1517    <li>Download the entire arc directory from the ftp server: (approx. 75 MB)<pre>    <li>Download the entire cats directory from the ftp server:<pre>
1518          $ <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/</a></b>          <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/</a></b>
1519            <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/bsd .</b>
1520            <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/cats/bsd.rd .</b>
1521    
1522  </pre>  </pre>
1523            (Replace ftp.se.openbsd.org with a server closer to you, for
1524            increased download speed.)
1525      <p>
1526    <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.    <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
1527          I recommend using <b>mkisofs</b> for that purpose. If you don't already          (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
1528          have mkisofs installed on your system, you need to install that in          already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
1529          order to do this.<pre>          to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
1530          $ <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_arc_2.3.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>          <b>mkisofs -allow-lowercase -o openbsd_cats_4.0.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
1531            <b>rm -rf ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>      <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i>
1532    
1533  </pre>  </pre>
1534    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
1535          $ <b>gxemul -X -b -E arc -e pica -d obsd_arc.img -d openbsd_arc_2.3.iso \          <b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img -d openbsd_cats_4.0.iso bsd.rd</b>
             ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/bsd.rd.elf</b>  
1536    
1537  </pre>  </pre>
1538          and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD          and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
1539          on a real Acer PICA-61. (Answer 'no' when asked if you want to          on a real CATS. (Install onto <tt>wd0</tt>, don't configure the
1540          configure networking, and then install from CD-ROM.)          network, install from CD.)
1541  </ol>  </ol>
1542    
1543  <p>  <p>(Although it <i>is</i> possible to configure the network, IPv4 address
1544  Once the install has finished, the following command should let you  10.0.0.1, netmask 255.0.0.0, gateway/default route 10.0.0.254, and
1545    nameserver 10.0.0.254, the userland NAT-like networking layer is not
1546    stable enough yet to support a full install via ftp.)
1547    
1548    <p><b>NOTE:</b> Make sure that you <tt>sync</tt> and <tt>reboot</tt>
1549    correctly once the installation is finished, or the <tt>/dev</tt> nodes
1550    may not have been written correctly to disk.
1551    
1552    <p>Once the install has finished, the following command should let you
1553  boot from the harddisk image:  boot from the harddisk image:
1554  <p>  
1555  <pre>  <p><pre>
1556          $ <b>gxemul -X -b -E arc -e pica -d obsd_arc.img ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/bsd</b>          <b>gxemul -XEcats -d obsd_cats.img bsd</b>
1557    
1558  </pre>  </pre>
1559    
 <p>  
 (The <b>-b</b> command line option enables dynamic binary translation,  
 which isn't always 100% stable, so if things seem buggy you might want  
 to try to remove that from the command line.)  
1560    
1561    
1562    
1563    
1564    
 <!--  
1565    
1566  <p><br>  <p><br>
1567  <a name="openbsdsgiinstall"></a>  <a name="openbsdlandiskinstall"></a>
1568  <h3>Running OpenBSD/sgi in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>OpenBSD/landisk:</h3>
   
 <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sgi.html">OpenBSD/sgi</a>  
 can theoretically run in GXemul on an emulated O2 (SGI-IP32) with root on nfs.  
1569    
1570  <p>  It is possible to install and run
1571  <font color="#ff0000">NOTE: I haven't succeeded with this yet.</font>  <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/landisk.html">OpenBSD/landisk</a>
1572    in GXemul.
1573    
1574  <p>  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1575  <font color="#0000f0">  <a href="20070419-openbsd-landisk.png"><img src="20070419-openbsd-landisk_small.png"></a>
 [&nbsp;2005-02-09: There is no stable release yet of OpenBSD/sgi, but there  
 are -current snapshots available on ftp sites.&nbsp;]</font>  
1576    
1577  <p>  <p>To install OpenBSD/landisk onto an emulated harddisk image,
1578  GXemul does not yet emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in the O2, so  follow these instructions:
 another emulated machine must be used as the nfs root server, and the  
 emulated O2 machine must boot as a  
 <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=diskless&manpath=OpenBSD+Current&format=html">diskless</a>  
 client. Performing this setup is very time consuming, but necessary.  
1579    
1580  <p>  <p>
1581  <ol>  <ol>
1582    <li><a href="#netbsdinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 1.6.2</a> or some other    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
1583          similar OS inside the emulator. This will be the "nfs server" machine.          that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
1584    <p>          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_landisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
   <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.<pre>  
         # <b>echo hostname=blahblah &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf</b>  
         # <b>echo ifconfig_le0="inet 10.0.0.2" &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf</b>  
         # <b>echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf</b>  
         # <b>echo 10.0.0.254 &gt; /etc/mygate</b>  
         # <b>mkdir /x; echo /x -maproot=root 10.0.0.1 &gt; /etc/exports</b>  
         # <b>echo rpcbind=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf</b>  
         # <b>echo nfs_server=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf</b>  
         # <b>echo mountd=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf</b>  
         # <b>echo bootparamd=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf</b>  
         # <b>printf "client root=10.0.0.2:/x \\\n swap=10.0.0.2:/x/swap\n" &gt; /etc/bootparams</b>  
         # <b>echo 10.0.0.1 client &gt; /etc/hosts</b>  
   
         Reboot. Then download the OpenBSD/sgi distribution:  
   
         # <b>cd /x; ftp -i ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>  
         ...  
         <b>cd pub/OpenBSD/snapshots/sgi</b>  
         <b>mget *</b>  
1585    
1586          # <b>sh</b>  </pre>
1587          # <b>for a in base* etc* misc*; do tar vzxfp $a; done</b>    <li>Download the entire landisk directory from the ftp server:<pre>
1588          # <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=16384</b>          <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/</a></b>
1589            <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/bsd .</b>
1590            <b>cp ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.1/landisk/bsd.rd .</b>
1591    
1592  </pre>  </pre>
1593            (Replace ftp.se.openbsd.org with a server closer to you, for
1594            increased download speed.)
1595    <p>    <p>
1596    <li>Create a configuration file along these lines:<pre>    <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
1597          <font color="#2020cf">!!gxemul          (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
1598          !          already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
1599          !  Configuration file for running OpenBSD/sgi diskless with          to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
1600          !  a NetBSD/pmax machine as the nfs server.          <b>mkisofs -U -o openbsd_landisk_4.1.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
1601          !          <b>rm -rf ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>      <i>(this directory is not needed anymore)</i>
         !  Change the filenames to suit your setup.</font>  
1602    
1603          <b>emul(  </pre>
1604              net()    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
1605            <b>gxemul -x -E landisk -d obsd_landisk.img -d d:openbsd_landisk_4.1.iso bsd.rd</b>
1606    
1607              machine(  </pre>
1608                  name("client machine")          and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
1609                  type("sgi")          on a real landisk. The following hints are useful to get you
1610                  subtype("ip32")          through the installation:
1611                  bintrans(yes)          <ul>
1612                  load("openbsd-sgi-20050202-bsd")            <li>Terminal type = <b>xterm</b>
1613                  start_paused(yes)            <li>root disk = <b>wd0</b> (the disk to install onto)
1614              )            <li>Use the entire disk for OpenBSD = <b>yes</b>
1615              <li>Create one big root partition (a) and a small swap partition (b). c is the entire disk.
1616              <li>Do <b>not</b> configure the network. (The Realtek NIC
1617                    found in the Landisk machine is not implemented yet
1618                    in the emulator.)
1619              <li>Location of sets = <b>disk</b>
1620              <li>Is the disk partition already mounted = <b>no</b>
1621              <li>Disk containing the install media = <b>wd1</b>
1622              <li>Pathname to the sets = <b>4.1/landisk</b>
1623            </ul>
1624    </ol>
1625    
1626              machine(  <p>Once the install has finished, the following command should let you
1627                  name("nfs server")  boot from the disk image:
                 type("dec")  
                 subtype("5000/200")  
                 bintrans(yes)  
                 disk("nbsd_pmax.img")  
             )  
         )</b>  
1628    
1629  </pre>  <p><pre>
1630    <li>Boot the nfs server and the OpenBSD/sgi client machine like this:<pre>          <b>gxemul -x -E landisk -d obsd_landisk.img bsd</b>
         $ <b>gxemul @myconf</b>  
1631    
1632  </pre>  </pre>
         You might want to log in as root on the server machine, and  
         run <b>tcpdump -lnvv</b> or similar, to see that what the client  
         machine actually does on the network.  
         <p>  
         The OpenBSD box ("client machine") will be paused, so when you  
         are ready to unpause it, press CTRL-C in the main GXemul  
         window and use the <b>focus</b> and <b>pause</b> commands to  
         unpause the main CPU in that machine, and then <b>continue</b>  
         to resume execution.  
         <p>  
         When asked for "root device :", enter <b>mec0</b>.  
 </ol>  
1633    
1634  <p>  <p>As with most emulation modes in GXemul, the NIC in this machine is
1635  TODO...  not emulated yet. If you want to transfer files to/from the emulated
1636    landisk machine, see
1637    <a href="misc.html#filexfer">this chapter</a> in the documentation.
1638    
 -->  
1639    
1640    
1641    
# Line 847  TODO... Line 1644  TODO...
1644    
1645  <p><br>  <p><br>
1646  <a name="ultrixinstall"></a>  <a name="ultrixinstall"></a>
1647  <h3>Installing Ultrix/RISC in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>Ultrix/RISC:</h3>
1648    
1649  Ultrix 4.x can run in GXemul on an emulated DECstation 5000/200.  Ultrix 4.x can run in GXemul on an emulated DECstation 5000/200.
1650    (Ultrix was the native OS for these machines, but
1651    <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">NetBSD/pmax</a> is also usable.)
1652    
1653  <p>  <p>
1654  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1655  <a href="20040504-ultrix45-boot1.png"><img src="20040504-ultrix45-boot1_small.gif"></a>  <a href="20040504-ultrix45-boot1.png"><img src="20040504-ultrix45-boot1_small.png"></a>
1656  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1657  <a href="ultrix4.5-20040706.png"><img src="ultrix4.5-20040706_small.gif"></a>  <a href="ultrix4.5-20040706.png"><img src="ultrix4.5-20040706_small.png"></a>
1658    
1659  <p>  <p>
1660  The following instructions should let you install Ultrix onto a disk image:  The following instructions should let you install Ultrix onto a disk image:
# Line 863  The following instructions should let yo Line 1662  The following instructions should let yo
1662  <ol>  <ol>
1663    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
1664          that Ultrix installs itself onto:<pre>          that Ultrix installs itself onto:<pre>
1665          $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=rootdisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=800000</b>          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=rootdisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=800000</b>
1666    
1667  </pre>  </pre>
1668    <li>Place your Ultrix installation media in your CDROM drive. (I'm assuming    <li>Place your Ultrix installation media in your CDROM drive.
1669          it is called /dev/cd0c here, replace that with the name of your          (On FreeBSD and similar systems, it is called <tt>/dev/cd0c</tt>.
1670          CDROM drive, or the name of a .iso image file.)          Replace that with the name of your CDROM drive, or the name of a
1671          Then, start the emulator like this:<pre>          .iso image file.) Then, start the emulator like this:<pre>
1672          $ <b>gxemul -X -b -M64 -E dec -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d bc:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>          <b>gxemul -X -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d bc:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>
1673    
1674  </pre>  </pre>
1675    <li>Once the first stage of the installation is done (restoring the root    <li>Once the first stage of the installation is done (restoring the root
1676          filesystem), you need to restart the emulator, booting from the          filesystem), you need to restart the emulator, booting from the
1677          new rootdisk, to continue the installation process.          new rootdisk, to continue the installation process.
1678          This is done by removing the bootflag ('b') from the second          This is done by removing the bootflag ('<tt>b</tt>') from the second
1679          diskimage argument:<pre>          diskimage argument:<pre>
1680          $ <b>gxemul -X -b -M64 -E dec -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d c:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>          <b>gxemul -X -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d c:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b>
1681    
1682  </pre>  </pre>
1683  </ol>  </ol>
# Line 886  The following instructions should let yo Line 1685  The following instructions should let yo
1685  <p>  <p>
1686  When the installation is completed, the following command should start    When the installation is completed, the following command should start  
1687  Ultrix from the harddisk image:<pre>  Ultrix from the harddisk image:<pre>
1688          $ <b>gxemul -X -b -M64 -E dec -e 3max -j vmunix -d rootdisk.img</b>          <b>gxemul -X -e 3max -j vmunix -d rootdisk.img</b>
1689  </pre>  </pre>
1690    
1691  <p>  <p>If you have a very fast host machine, you might experience a weird
1692  Ultrix mostly seems to work with dynamic binary translation (enabled by  timer related bug, which makes it impossible to logon to the system. It is
1693  the <b>-b</b> command line option). If you have a very fast  triggered when the emulation goes faster than any real DECstation machine
1694  host machine, and use bintrans, you might experience a weird timer related  was capable of running. A temporary workaround is to add
1695  bug, which makes it impossible to logon to the system. It is triggered  <b><tt>-I33000000</tt></b> to fix the emulated clock speed to 33 million
1696  when the emulation goes faster than any real DECstation machine was  instructions per emulated second.
1697  capable of running. A temporary workaround is to add <b>-I33000000</b>  
1698  to fix the emulated clock speed to 33 million instructions per emulated  <p>If the workaround above doesn't work, you can also start up other
1699  second. (When using -CR4400, -I16000000 should be used instead.)  processes on the host, apart from the emulator, so that the emulator runs
1700    more slowly. This is an ugly workaround, but seems to work. Once you have
1701    logged in into Ultrix, you can kill the extra processes.
1702    
1703    <p>You can experiment with adding <b><tt>-Z2</tt></b> (for emulating a
1704    dual-headed workstation) or even <b><tt>-Z3</tt></b> (tripple-headed), and
1705    also the <b><tt>-Y2</tt></b> option for scaling down the framebuffer
1706    windows by a factor 2x2.
1707    There is also a <b><tt>-z</tt></b> option for supplying names of X11
1708    displays to use. The following example starts Ultrix on an emulated
1709    tripple-headed workstation, on three different displays (<tt>remote1:0.0</tt>,
1710    <tt>localhost:0.0</tt>, and <tt>remote2:0.0</tt>), using no scaledown:<pre>
1711            <b>gxemul -N -e 3max -jgenvmunix -d rootdisk.img \
1712                -XZ3 -z remote1:0.0 -z localhost:0.0 -z remote2:0.0</b>
1713    </pre>
1714    
1715    <p>The photo below shows a single Ultrix session running tripple-headed in
1716    GXemul on an Alpha 21164PC, with displays on a Sun Ultra1 (to the left),
1717    on the Alpha itself (in the middle), and on an HP700/RX X-terminal (8-bit
1718    color depth, running off the Alpha) to the right.
1719    
1720  <p>  <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1721  You can experiment with adding <b>-Z2</b> (for emulating a  <a href="20041209-ultrix-tripplehead.jpg"><img src="20041209-ultrix-tripplehead_small.jpg"></a>
 dual-headed workstation) or even <b>-Z3</b> (tripple-headed), and also the  
 <b>-Y2</b> option for scaling down the framebuffer windows by a factor 2x2.  
 There is also a <b>-z</b> option for supplying names of X11 displays to  
 use. The following example starts Ultrix on an emulated tripple-headed  
 workstation, on three different displays (remote1:0.0, localhost:0.0, and  
 remote2:0.0), using no scaledown:<pre>  
         $ <b>gxemul -M64 -bN -E dec -e 3max -jgenvmunix -d rootdisk.img \  
             -XZ3 -z remote1:0.0 -z localhost -z remote2:0.0</b>  
 </pre>  
1722    
1723  <p>  <p>The X11 displays may differ in bit depth and endianness. Unfortunately,
 The X11 displays may differ in bit depth and endianness. Unfortunately,  
1724  there is no way yet to set the scaledown factor on a per-window basis, so  there is no way yet to set the scaledown factor on a per-window basis, so
1725  the scaledown factor affects all windows.  the scaledown factor affects all windows.
1726    
1727  <p>  <p>(If you didn't use <tt><b>-Z<i>n</i></b></tt> during the installation, and
1728  (If you didn't use -Z<i>n</i> during the installation, and  compiled your own <tt>/vmunix</tt>, then it will not contain support for
1729  compiled your own /vmunix, then it will not contain support for multiple  multiple graphics cards. To overcome this problem, use the generic kernel,
1730  graphics cards. To overcome this problem, use the generic kernel, <b>-j  <tt><b>-j genvmunix</b></tt>, whenever you are running the emulator with a
1731  genvmunix</b>, whenever you are running the emulator with a different  different setup than the one you used when Ultrix was installed.)
 setup than the one you used when Ultrix was installed.)  
1732    
1733  <p>  <p>A note for the historically interested: OSF/1 for MIPS was quite similar
 A note for the historically interested: OSF/1 for MIPS was quite similar  
1734  to Ultrix, so that is possible to run as well.  If you are unsuccessful  to Ultrix, so that is possible to run as well.  If you are unsuccessful
1735  in installing Ultrix or OSF/1 directly in the emulator, you can always  in installing Ultrix or OSF/1 directly in the emulator, you can always
1736  install it on your real machine onto a real SCSI disk, and then copy the  install it on your real machine onto a real SCSI disk, and then copy the
1737  contents of that SCSI disk into a file (using <b>dd(1)</b>), and use  contents of that SCSI disk into a file (using <b><tt>dd(1)</tt></b>), and use
1738  that file as a disk image file in the emulator.  that file as a disk image file in the emulator.
1739    
1740    
# Line 938  that file as a disk image file in the em Line 1744  that file as a disk image file in the em
1744    
1745  <p><br>  <p><br>
1746  <a name="sprite"></a>  <a name="sprite"></a>
1747  <h3>Running Sprite for DECstation in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>Sprite for DECstation:</h3>
1748    
1749  Sprite was a research operating system at the University of Berkeley.  Sprite was a research operating system at the University of Berkeley.
1750  The Unix Heritage Society (TUHS, <a href="http://www.tuhs.org">www.tuhs.org</a>)  The Unix Heritage Society (TUHS, <a href="http://www.tuhs.org">www.tuhs.org</a>)
# Line 958  The following instructions should let yo Line 1764  The following instructions should let yo
1764    
1765  <p>  <p>
1766  <ol>  <ol>
1767    <li>Download the Sprite harddisk image using ftp or http:<pre>    <li>Download the Sprite harddisk image:<pre>
1768          <a href="http://www.es.embnet.org/Services/ftp/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/">http://www.es.embnet.org/Services/ftp/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite</a>/<a href="http://www.es.embnet.org/Services/ftp/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/ds5000.bt">ds5000.bt</a>          <a href="ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/pub/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/ds5000.bt">ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/pub/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/ds5000.bt</a>
         or <a href="ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/ds5000.bt">ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/ds5000.bt</a>  
1769          83973120 bytes, MD5 = ec84eeeb20fe77b758370d5e312e4a5e          83973120 bytes, MD5 = ec84eeeb20fe77b758370d5e312e4a5e
1770    
1771  </pre>  </pre>
1772    <li>Start the emulator with the following command line:<pre>    <li>Start the emulator with the following command line:<pre>
1773          $ <b>gxemul -X -b -E dec -e 3max -M128 -d ds5000.bt -j vmsprite -o ''</b>          <b>gxemul -X -e 3max -M128 -d ds5000.bt -j vmsprite -o ''</b>
1774    
1775  </pre>  </pre>
1776  </ol>  </ol>
# Line 977  values, then you should use the followin Line 1782  values, then you should use the followin
1782  <p>  <p>
1783    
1784  <pre>  <pre>
1785      Your machine's Ethernet address:    10:20:30:40:50:60      Your machine's Ethernet address:    10:20:30:00:00:10
1786      Your machine's IP:                  10.0.0.1      Your machine's IP:                  10.0.0.1
1787      Subnet mask:                        0xff000000      Subnet mask:                        0xff000000
1788      Gateway's Ethernet address:         60:50:40:30:20:10      Gateway's Ethernet address:         60:50:40:30:20:10
# Line 985  values, then you should use the followin Line 1790  values, then you should use the followin
1790  </pre>  </pre>
1791    
1792  <p>  <p>
1793  Unfortunately, at the end of <a href="http://www.es.embnet.org/Services/ftp/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/boot.txt">  Unfortunately, at the end of <a href="ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/pub/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/boot.txt">ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/pub/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/boot.txt</a>,
1794  http://www.es.embnet.org/Services/ftp/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/boot.txt</a>, the  the following sad statement can be found:
 following sad statement can be found:  
1795  <pre>  <pre>
1796      The bootable Sprite image is meant to be a demonstration of Sprite, not      The bootable Sprite image is meant to be a demonstration of Sprite, not
1797      a robust Sprite system.  There are several missing things, such as      a robust Sprite system.  There are several missing things, such as
1798      floating point and network support.      floating point and network support.
1799  </pre>  </pre>
1800    
1801  <p>  <p>Once you are logged in as root, running <b><tt>xinit</tt></b> will
1802  Once you are logged in as root, running <b>xinit</b> will start the X11  start the X11 environment.
 environment.  
1803    
 <p>  
 Sprite works fine with dynamic binary translation (enabled by  
 adding <b>-b</b> to the command line options).  
1804    
1805    
1806    
# Line 1008  adding <b>-b</b> to the command line opt Line 1808  adding <b>-b</b> to the command line opt
1808    
1809  <p><br>  <p><br>
1810  <a name="declinux"></a>  <a name="declinux"></a>
1811  <h3>Installing Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation:</h3>
1812    
1813  <font color="#ef0000">NOTE: This is experimental, and <i>extremely</i>  It is possible to run Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation in the emulator,
1814  unstable. During my tests, even pressing the wrong key during the install  on an emulated 5000/200 ("3max"). However, just choosing any
1815  (for example the wrong cursor key) can cause a kernel Oops.  Linux/DECstation kernel at random for the installation will not work.
1816  I <i>think</i> this has to do with interrupts from the serial controller.  
1817  Hopefully using the -U command line option will reduce the risk for such  <p><ul>
1818  crashes. (I haven't had time to come up with a clean solution to this yet;    <li>Linux 2.4/DECstation DZ serial console output doesn't work too well in
1819  it feels like a buffer overflow in Linux' serial driver for the 5000/200,          GXemul. Linux oopses randomly, which may be due to bugs in GXemul,
1820  but it is also likely that it is a bug in GXemul.)          but may also be due to bugs in the serial controller code in Linux.
1821  </font>          (The speed at which serial interrupts are generated can be
1822            lowered with the <tt>-U</tt> command line option, but it only
1823            reduces the risk, it doesn't take away the oopses completely.)
1824      <li>The Linux 2.6/DECstation DZ serial console driver doesn't work at
1825            all in the emulator, and I'm not really sure it would work on a
1826            real 5000/200 either. Hopefully this will be fixed in Linux in
1827            the future.
1828      <li>To get around the serial console problem, the obvious solution is to
1829            use a graphical framebuffer instead. Old Debian install kernels
1830            supported the graphical framebuffer on the 3max, but not the
1831            keyboard. (This has been fixed now, it seems.)
1832      <li>For quite some time, the MIPS linux cvs tree has had support for the
1833            framebuffer and keyboard, but it did not include Debian's
1834            patches for networking, which made it unusable for network
1835            installs. (Possibly fixed now.)
1836      <li>The kernel has to be for 5000/200. This rules out using
1837            the default kernel on netinst ISO images provided by Debian.
1838            These ISO images boot directly into a kernel which is meant
1839            for a different DECstation model.
1840      <li>The kernel has to have an initrd which more or less matches the
1841            version of Debian that will be installed.
1842    </ul>
1843    
1844  <p>  <p>Luckily, a precompiled install kernel has been made available by David
1845  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  Muse, for Debian for R3000 DECstations, which has support for framebuffer,
1846  <a href="20041212-debian_1.png"><img src="20041212-debian_1_small.gif"></a>  keyboard, and networking, which works pretty well. Thanks David. :-)
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
 <a href="20041212-debian_2.png"><img src="20041212-debian_2_small.gif"></a>  
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
 <a href="20041213-debian_3.png"><img src="20041213-debian_3_small.gif"></a>  
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
 <a href="20041213-debian_4.png"><img src="20041213-debian_4_small.gif"></a>  
1847    
1848  <p>  <p>The following steps should let you install Debian GNU/Linux for
1849  The following steps should let you install Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation  DECstation onto a harddisk image in the emulator:
 onto a harddisk image:  
1850    
1851  <p>  <p>
1852  <ol>  <ol>
1853    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
1854          that Debian installs itself onto:<pre>          that Debian installs itself onto:<pre>
1855          $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian_pmax.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=6000000</b>
1856    
1857  </pre>  </pre>
1858    <li>Download an install kernel:<pre>    <li>Download David Muse' install kernel, and a Debian Netinstall CD-ROM:<pre>
1859          <a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/</a>          <a href="http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31">http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31</a>
1860              <a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img</a>          <a href="http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/3.1_r0a/mipsel/iso-cd/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso">http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/3.1_r0a/mipsel/iso-cd/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso</a>
         or  
         <a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/main/</a>  
             <a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img</a>  
1861    
1862  </pre>  </pre>
1863          depending on whether you want to install Debian "Testing" or          <font color="#ff0000"><b>NOTE 2007-04-14:</b></font> It seems that the ISO image
1864          "Unstable".          has been removed from the cdimage site. You may need to search
1865    <p>          for it elsewhere. Alternatively, you can follow Michel Lespinasse's instructions at
1866    <li>For a text-mode installation, start the emulator like this:<pre>          <a href="http://people.zoy.org/~walken/gxemul-etch/HOWTO.html">http://people.zoy.org/~walken/gxemul-etch/HOWTO.html</a>.
         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -b -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img -O boot.img</b>  
1867    
1868            <p><font color="#ff0000"><b>NOTE 2007-05-05:</b></font> John Reiser has been kind enough to
1869            place a copy of debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso <a href="http://bitwagon.com/ftp/debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso">here</a>.
1870      <p>
1871      <li>Start the installation like this:<pre>
1872            <b>gxemul -X -e3max -d debian_pmax.img -d debian-31r0a-mipsel-netinst.iso vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
1873  </pre>  </pre>
 </ol>  
1874    
1875  <p>          <p>If everything goes well, you will see Linux' boot messages, and then
1876  Debian GNU/Linux on DECstation works reasonably fine with dynamic          arrive at the language chooser.
 binary translation, enabled by the <b>-b</b> command line option. (Without  
 this option, the emulator might be less buggy, but also too slow to be  
 useful when running Linux as a guest OS.)  
1877    
1878  <p>  <p>
1879  (If you want to, you can try <b>-X</b> instead of <b>-o 'console=ttyS3'</b> on  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-1.png"><img src="debian-1-small.png"></a>
1880  the command line. This will cause Linux to use the graphical framebuffer.  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-2.png"><img src="debian-2-small.png"></a>
1881  Unfortunately, Linux does not seem to have a driver for the DZ11 keyboard  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-3.png"><img src="debian-3-small.png"></a>
1882  controller yet, so you cannot interact with the system. You will see the  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-4.png"><img src="debian-4-small.png"></a>
1883  penguin in the upper lefthand corner while booting, and nicely rendered Unicode  
1884  characters, but that's about it.)          <p>There will be a warning about the keyboard
1885            layout. Don't mind this. Continue, and then select <b>Detect
1886            and mount CD-ROM</b> in the next menu.
1887    
1888  <p>  <p>
1889  You need to enter some values during the installation procedure, for example  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-5.png"><img src="debian-5-small.png"></a>
1890  network settings. The following should work:  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-6.png"><img src="debian-6-small.png"></a>
1891  <p>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-7.png"><img src="debian-7-small.png"></a>
1892  <pre>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-8.png"><img src="debian-8-small.png"></a>
1893      DHCP:                       No, choose "Configure network manually"  
1894      IP address:                 10.0.0.1          <p>
1895      Netmask:                    255.0.0.0          There will also be a warning about lack of loadable modules. Don't
1896      Gateway:                    10.0.0.254          mind this either, continue anyway by choosing <b>Yes</b>.
1897      Name server addresses:      10.0.0.254          <p>
1898            When you reach the network configuration part of the install, choose
1899            <b>Configure network manually</b> and enter the following values:<pre>
1900            IP address:                 <b>10.0.0.1</b>
1901            Netmask:                    <b>255.0.0.0</b>
1902            Gateway:                    <b>10.0.0.254</b>
1903            Name server addresses:      <b>10.0.0.254</b>
1904    
1905  </pre>  </pre>
1906            <p>Choose <b>Erase entire disk</b> in the partitioner.
1907    
1908            <p>Wait for the base system to be installed. This takes almost forever,
1909            so you can go fetch several <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolt_Cola">Jolts</a>
1910            or cups of coffee in the meanwhile.
1911    
1912  <p>  <p>
1913  <ol start="4">  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-9.png"><img src="debian-9-small.png"></a>
1914    <li>Once the first phase of the install has finished, the following command  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-10.png"><img src="debian-10-small.png"></a>
1915          should let you boot into Debian, and perform post-install  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-11.png"><img src="debian-11-small.png"></a>
1916          configuration:<pre>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-12.png"><img src="debian-12-small.png"></a>
1917          $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -b -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img</b>  
1918            <p>Congratulations! The first phase of the installation is now completed.
1919            Reboot using the following command line:<pre>
1920            <b>gxemul -X -e3max -o 'root=/dev/sda1' -d debian_pmax.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
1921    
1922  </pre>  </pre>
1923            <p>The post-install step takes quite some time as well. A perfect opportunity
1924            for more coffee.
1925    
1926            <p>When asked about whether the hardware clock is set to GMT or
1927            not, answer Yes.
1928    
1929            <p>When asked about "Apt configuration", choose <b>http</b> as the method
1930            to use for accessing the Debian archive.
1931    
1932    <p>
1933    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-13.png"><img src="debian-13-small.png"></a>
1934    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-14.png"><img src="debian-14-small.png"></a>
1935    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="debian-15.png"><img src="debian-15-small.png"></a>
1936    
1937            <p>Downloading the packages takes almost forever. Be patient.
1938    
1939            <p>Congratulations (again)! You are now fully done with the installation.
1940    
1941  </ol>  </ol>
1942    
1943    <p><br>Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation is now installed and ready to be used.
1944    Use this command to boot from the installed disk image:<pre>
1945            <b>gxemul -X -e3max -o 'root=/dev/sda1' -d debian_pmax.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
1946    
1947    </pre>
1948    
1949    
1950    
1951    
1952    
1953    
1954    
1955    <p><br>
1956    <hr>
1957    
1958    
1959    
1960    
1961    
1962    
1963    
1964    <p><br>
1965    <a name="mach"></a>
1966    <h3>Mach/PMAX:</h3>
1967    
1968    Read the following link if you want to know more about Mach in general:
1969    <a href="http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/www/mach.html">
1970    http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/www/mach.html</a>
1971    
1972    <p>
1973    <font color="#ff0000">NOTE: Mach for DECstation requires some files
1974    (called 'startup' and 'emulator') which I haven't been able to find
1975    on the web. Without these, Mach will not get very far. These
1976    installation instructions are preliminary.
1977    </font>
1978    
1979    <p>
1980    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1981    <a href="20041018-mach_pmax.png"><img src="20041018-mach_pmax_small.png"></a>
1982    
1983  <p>  <p>
1984  It seems that there's a problem with getting a login prompt on serial  The following steps should let you experiment with running Mach
1985  console (at least when I've done test installs), so when the installation  for DECstation in the emulator:
 is finished and you're supposed to get a login prompt, you need to press  
 CTRL-C and type <b>quit</b>, and then:  
1986    
1987  <p>  <p>
1988  <ol start="5">  <ol>
1989    <li>Download a normal kernel (<i>not</i> a RAMDISK kernel):<pre>    <li>Download the pmax binary distribution for Mach 3.0:<pre>
1990          <a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/</a>          <a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/</a>
1991           <a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</a>              <a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z</a>
1992            7263343 bytes, md5 = f9d76c240a6e169921a1df99ad560cc0
1993    
1994    </pre>
1995      <li>Extract the Mach kernel:<pre>
1996            <b>tar xfvz pmax.tar.Z pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b>
1997    
1998  </pre>  </pre>
1999    <li>Boot Debian using the following command line:<pre>    <li>Create an empty disk image:<pre>
2000          $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -b -M64 -o \          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=disk.img bs=1 count=512 seek=400000000</b>
             'console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh' \  
             -d debian.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b>  
2001    
2002  </pre>  </pre>
2003          You'll enter single-user mode. You need to add a line to    <li>Load the contents of pmax.tar.Z onto the disk image. This is
2004          /etc/inittab, to enable logins via serial console.<pre>          complicated, and should be described in more detail some time.
2005          sh-2.05b# <b>echo 'T3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS3 9600 vt100' >> /etc/inittab</b>          For now, use your imagination. (For example using OpenBSD/pmax:
2006          sh-2.05b# <b>echo 'ttyS3' >> /etc/securetty</b>          <i>disklabel -E rz1; newfs -O /dev/rz1a;
2007          sh-2.05b# <b>sync; umount /</b>          mount /dev/rz1a /mnt; cd /mnt; download pmax.tar.Z using ftp;
2008            tar xzvf pmax.tar.Z; mv pmax_mach/* .; rmdir pmax_mach;
2009            mkdir mach_servers;
2010            cd mach_servers;
2011            cp ../etc/mach_init .;
2012            cp ../tests/test_service startup;
2013            dd if=/dev/zero of=paging_file bs=65536 count=400;
2014            cd /; sync; umount /mnt</i>)
2015            <p>
2016      <li>Start the emulator with the following command:<pre>
2017            <b>gxemul -c 'put w 0x800990e0, 0' -c 'put w 0x80099144, 0' \
2018                -c 'put w 0x8004aae8, 0' -e 3max -X -d disk.img \
2019                pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b>
2020    
2021  </pre>  </pre>
2022  </ol>  </ol>
2023    
2024  <p>  <p>Earlier versions of GXemul had a configure option to enable better
2025  The system should now be ready for everyday use.  R3000 cache emulation, but since Mach was more or less the only thing that
2026    used it, I removed it. Today's version of GXemul can thus not boot
2027    mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY straight off, it has to be patched to skip the
2028    cache detection.
2029    
2030  <p>  <p>The -c commands above patch the kernel to get past the cache detection.
2031  Use this command to boot from the completely installed disk image:<pre>  Thanks to Artur Bujdoso for these values.
         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -b -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img</b>  
2032    
2033  </pre>  <p>TODO: Better instructions on how to create the old-style UFS disk
2034    image.
2035    
 <p>  
 [&nbsp;<font color="#ff0000">UPDATE 2005-01-19:</font>&nbsp;  
 Kaj-Michael Lang noticed that the current CVS-version of  
 <a href="http://www.linux-mips.org/">linux-mips</a> has  
 support for keyboards now, on DECstation 5000/200, so it is  
 possible to run Debian GNU/Linux with framebuffer/keyboard.  
 (Add -X (or -XY2) and remove the console=ttyS3 option.)  
 He has made a kernel available here:  
 <a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/patches/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation">  
 http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/patches/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation</a>  
 It has other problems (ethernet doesn't seem to work, for  
 example), but at least it doesn't Oops that often.&nbsp;]  
2036    
2037    
2038    
# Line 1150  example), but at least it doesn't Oops t Line 2041  example), but at least it doesn't Oops t
2041    
2042  <p><br>  <p><br>
2043  <a name="declinuxredhat"></a>  <a name="declinuxredhat"></a>
2044  <h3>Running Redhat Linux for DECstation in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>Redhat Linux for DECstation:</h3>
2045    
 <font color="#ff0000">NOTE: This is experimental, and <i>extremely</i>  
 unstable. Read the note about '-U' in the section on how to install  
 Debian.  
 </font>  
2046    
2047  <p>  <p>
2048  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# Line 1166  The following steps should let you run R Line 2053  The following steps should let you run R
2053    
2054  <p>  <p>
2055  <ol>  <ol>
2056    <li>Download a kernel. This is a Debian kernel, but it works fine:<pre>    <li>Download a kernel. David Muse' Debian-install kernel works fine:<pre>
2057          <a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/</a>          <a href="http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31">http://www.firstworks.com/mips-linux-2.4.31/vmlinux-2.4.31</a>
          <a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</a>  
2058    
2059  </pre>  </pre>
2060    <li>Download a root filesystem tree:<pre>    <li>Download a root filesystem tree:<pre>
2061          <a href="ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/</a>          <a href="ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a>
          <a href="ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a>  
2062          19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414          19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414
2063    
2064  </pre>  </pre>
2065    <li>This is the tricky part: Create an ext2 filesystem image called redhat.img using    <li>Create a disk image which will contain the Redhat filesystem:<pre>
2066          the filesystem tree you just downloaded. The disk image should have a MS-DOS          <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=redhat_mips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b>
2067          partition table (!), and then one or more ext2 partitions.  
2068          (Use loopback mount, or similar. This is probably easiest to do on a Linux host.)  </pre>
2069          However, in order to actually boot the system you need to modify /etc/fstab.  <!--
2070    dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/stdout bs=1024 count=200 >> mipsel-root-20011216.tgz
2071    gxemul -XY2 -e3max -d redhat_mips.img -d mipsel-root-20011216.tgz vmlinux-2.4.31
2072    In the three dialogs, choose English, United States, and Continue.
2073    Then choose Execute a shell.
2074    tar xfvz /dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target1/lun0/disc sbin/mke2fs sbin/fdisk
2075    fdisk
2076    -->
2077      <li>This is the tricky part: on redhat_mips.img, you need to create an MS-DOS
2078            (!) partition table, and then an ext2 partition. This is what Linux
2079            will then see as /dev/sda1.
2080            <p>I recommend you run fdisk and mke2fs and untar the archive from within
2081            Debian/DECstation or <a href="#debiancats">Debian/CATS</a> running
2082            inside the emulator. (Alternatively, if you are on a Linux host,
2083            you could use a loopback mount, or similar. This might require
2084            root access. See e.g.
2085            <a href="http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux">http://www.mega-tokyo.com/osfaq2/index.php/Disk%20Images%20Under%20Linux</a>.)
2086            <p>
2087            In order to actually boot the system you need to modify /etc/fstab.
2088          Change<pre>          Change<pre>
2089          /dev/root               /               nfs     defaults        1 1          /dev/root               /               nfs     defaults        1 1
2090          #/dev/sdc1              /               ext2    defaults        1 1          #/dev/sdc1              /               ext2    defaults        1 1
# Line 1195  The following steps should let you run R Line 2098  The following steps should let you run R
2098          none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0          none                    /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0622       0 0
2099    
2100  </pre>(Note sda1 instead of sdc1.)  </pre>(Note sda1 instead of sdc1.)
   <p>  
   <li>To boot Linux, start the emulator like this:<pre>  
         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -b -M128 -o \  
             "console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b>  
   
 </pre>  
2101  </ol>  </ol>
2102    
2103  <p>  <p>To boot Redhat linux from the disk image, use the following command line:<pre>
2104  If you need to boot into single user mode, try the following:<pre>          <b>gxemul -X -e3max -o "root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat_mips.img vmlinux-2.4.31</b>
         $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -b -o "console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh" \  
             -d redhat.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b>  
2105    
2106  </pre>  </pre>
2107    If you need to boot into single user mode, change options to
2108    <tt><b>-o "root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh"</b></tt>.
2109    
2110    
2111    
2112    
2113  <p>  
2114  Redhat Linux on DECstation in R3000 mode should work fine with dynamic binary  
2115  translation (enabled by the <b>-b</b> command line option).  
2116    
2117    
2118    
2119    <p><br>
2120    <a name="openbsdsgiinstall"></a>
2121    <h3>OpenBSD/sgi:</h3>
2122    
2123    <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sgi.html">OpenBSD/sgi</a>
2124    can (almost) run in GXemul on an emulated O2 (SGI-IP32) with root on nfs.
2125    
2126  <p>  <p>
2127  NOTE: You can add <b>-X</b> and remove <b>console=ttyS3</b> from the command  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
2128  line, if you want to use a graphical framebuffer. Unfortunately, Linux  <a href="20050617-openbsd-sgi.png"><img src="20050617-openbsd-sgi_small.png"></a>
2129  doesn't have support for keyboards on DECstation 5000/200 yet, so you cannot  
2130  actually interact with the sytem. :-(  <p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE: I haven't succeeded all the way with
2131    this yet, and this shows/triggers many bugs in the emulator, but some of
2132    it works.</font>
2133    
2134    <p>GXemul does not yet emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in the O2. (I have
2135    mailed Adaptec several times, asking for documentation, but never received
2136    any reply.) OpenBSD/sgi can still run in the emulator, as long as it doesn't
2137    use SCSI. For a simple test with the ramdisk (install) kernel, try dowloading<pre>
2138            <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd.rd">bsd.rd</a>
2139    
2140    </pre>and run <b><tt>gxemul -xeo2 bsd.rd</tt></b>.
2141    
2142    <p>It might also be possible to netboot. Another emulated machine must
2143    then be used as the nfs root server, and the emulated O2 machine must boot
2144    as a <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=diskless&amp;manpath=OpenBSD+Current&amp;format=html">diskless</a>
2145    client. Performing this setup is quite time consuming, but necessary:
2146    
2147  <p>  <p>
2148  [&nbsp;<font color="#ff0000">UPDATE 2005-01-22:</font>&nbsp;  <ol>
2149  Read the 2005-01-19 update in the Debian section above, and then, if    <li>First of all, the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" machine must be set up.
2150  you do not need ethernet support, try Kaj-Michael Lang's kernel compiled          This needs to have a 800 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> partition.
2151  from <a href="http://www.linux-mips.org/">linux-mips</a>' CVS.          <a href="#netbsdpmaxinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 3.1 from CDROM</a>.
2152  <a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/patches/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation">          (Don't forget to add the extra partition!)
2153  http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/patches/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation</a>    <p>
2154  It should work with framebuffer/keyboard.&nbsp;]    <li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.
2155            Start up the emulated DECstation:<pre>
2156            <b>gxemul -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b>
2157    </pre>and enter the following commands as <tt>root</tt>
2158            inside the emulator:
2159    <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
2160    <b>echo hostname=server &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
2161    echo ifconfig_le0=\"inet 10.0.0.2\" &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
2162    echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 &gt;&gt; /etc/resolv.conf
2163    echo 10.0.0.254 &gt; /etc/mygate
2164    echo /tftpboot -maproot=root 10.0.0.1 &gt; /etc/exports
2165    echo rpcbind=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
2166    echo nfs_server=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
2167    echo mountd=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
2168    echo bootparamd=YES &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.conf
2169    printf "client root=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot \\\n swap=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot/swap\n" &gt; /etc/bootparams
2170    echo "10:20:30:00:00:10 client" &gt; /etc/ethers
2171    echo 10.0.0.1 client &gt; /etc/hosts
2172    reboot</b>
2173    </pre></td></tr></table>
2174      <li>Start the DECstation emulation again, and enter the following
2175            commands to download the OpenBSD/sgi distribution:<br>(NOTE: This
2176            takes quite some time, even if you have a fast network connection.)
2177    <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
2178    <b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.openbsd.org</b>
2179    (log in as anonymous...)
2180    <b>cd pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi
2181    mget b*tgz c*tgz e* g* m*
2182    quit
2183    sh
2184    for a in *.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
2185    echo 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot / nfs rw 0 0 &gt; /tftpboot/etc/fstab
2186    rm *.tgz
2187    dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=32768
2188    halt</b>
2189    </pre></td></tr></table>
2190      <li>Download the OpenBSD/sgi GENERIC and RAMDISK kernels:<pre>
2191            <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd</a>
2192            <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd.rd">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.0/sgi/bsd.rd</a>
2193    
2194    </pre>
2195      <li>Create a configuration file called <tt>config_client</tt>:
2196    <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
2197    <font color="#2020cf">!  Configuration file for running OpenBSD/sgi diskless with
2198    !  a NetBSD/pmax machine as the nfs server.
2199    !
2200    !  This config file is for the client.</font>
2201    
2202    <b>net(
2203            add_remote("localhost:12444")   </b>! the server<b>
2204            local_port(12445)               </b>! the client<b>
2205    )
2206    
2207    machine(
2208            name("client machine")
2209            serial_nr(1)
2210    
2211            type("sgi")
2212            subtype("o2")
2213    
2214            </b>! load("bsd")<b>
2215            load("bsd.rd")
2216    )
2217    </b>
2218    </pre></td></tr></table>
2219            ... and another configuration file for the server,
2220            <tt>config_server</tt>:
2221    <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
2222    <b>net(
2223            local_port(12444)               </b>! the server<b>
2224            add_remote("localhost:12445")   </b>! the client<b>
2225    )
2226    
2227    machine(
2228            name("nfs server")
2229            serial_nr(2)
2230    
2231            type("dec")
2232            subtype("5000/200")
2233    
2234            disk("nbsd_pmax.img")
2235    )
2236    </b>
2237    </pre></td></tr></table>
2238      <li>Boot the "<tt>nfs server</tt>" and the OpenBSD/sgi
2239            "<tt>client machine</tt>" as two separate emulator instances:<pre>
2240            in one xterm:
2241            <b>gxemul @config_server</b>
2242    
2243            and then, in another xterm:
2244            <b>gxemul @config_client</b>
2245    
2246    </pre>
2247      <li>In the OpenBSD/sgi window, choose "<tt>s</tt>" (for Shell), and type:
2248    <table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
2249    <b>ifconfig mec0 10.0.0.1; route add default 10.0.0.254
2250    mount -v 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot /mnt
2251    cd /mnt/dev; ./MAKEDEV all; cd /; umount /mnt
2252    halt</b>
2253    </pre></td></tr></table>
2254            You might want to log in as <tt>root</tt> on the server machine, and
2255            run <tt>tcpdump -lnvv</tt> or similar, to see that what the client
2256            machine actually does on the network. The <tt>MAKEDEV</tt> script
2257            takes almost forever, so be patient.
2258    </ol>
2259    
2260    
2261    <p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE: Everything up to this point should work.
2262    However, the next step (in gray) doesn't actually work:</font>
2263    
2264    <p><font color="#888888">Once everything has been set up correctly, change
2265    <tt>bsd.rd</tt> in <tt>config_client</tt> to just <tt>bsd</tt> (the GENERIC
2266    kernel). It should now be possible to boot OpenBSD/sgi using the NetBSD/pmax
2267    nfs server. (When asked for "<tt>root device :</tt>" on the OpenBSD machine,
2268    enter <tt><b>mec0</b></tt>.)</font>
2269    
2270    <p><font color="#ff0000">But it doesn't work. Probably because GXemul's
2271    implementation of the mec (ethernet card used in the O2) is too much of
2272    a quick hack. For now, use the <tt>bsd.rd</tt> kernel, and (at every
2273    boot) type:</font><pre>
2274            <b>s</b>  (for Shell)
2275            <b>ifconfig mec0 10.0.0.1; route add default 10.0.0.254</b>
2276            <b>mount -v 10.0.0.2:/tftpboot /mnt</b>
2277            <b>cd /mnt; usr/sbin/chroot .</b>
2278            <b>sh etc/rc</b>
2279    </pre>
2280    
2281    <p><font color="#ff0000">This will not cause OpenBSD to be booted
2282    normally, but at least a few basic things will work.
2283    By the way, the emulator performs so poorly, that you will have time to
2284    fetch several cups of coffee for each of the steps above.</font>
2285    
2286    
2287    
2288    
2289    
2290    
# Line 1235  It should work with framebuffer/keyboard Line 2292  It should work with framebuffer/keyboard
2292    
2293    
2294  <p><br>  <p><br>
2295  <a name="mach"></a>  <a name="openbsdarcinstall"></a>
2296  <h3>Running Mach/PMAX in GXemul:</h3>  <h3>OpenBSD/arc:</h3>
2297    
2298  Read the following link if you want to know more about Mach in general:  It is (almost) possible to install and run OpenBSD/arc on an emulated Acer
2299  <a href="http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/www/mach.html">  PICA-61 in the emulator.
2300  http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/www/mach.html</a>  
2301    <p><font color="#e00000">Earlier, I had this guest OS listed as
2302    officially working in the emulator, but for several reasons, it has
2303    been moved down here to the "informative-but-not-really-working"
2304    section.</font>
2305    
2306  <p>  <p>
2307  <font color="#ff0000">NOTE: Mach for DECstation requires some files  <ul>
2308  (called 'startup' and 'emulator') which I haven't been able to find    <li>The last OpenBSD/arc release was 2.3. This means that it is very
2309  on the web. Without these, Mach will not get very far. These          old, it would not give a fair picture of what OpenBSD is (if you
2310  installation instructions are preliminary.          are just looking to find out what it is like), and it is not
2311  </font>          worth experimenting with it. See
2312            <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html">http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html</a>
2313            for more information.
2314      <li>OpenBSD/arc was (if I understood things correctly) never really
2315            stable, even on real hardare. Problems with too small an interrupt
2316            stack. Bugs are triggered in the emulator that have to do with
2317            issues such as this.
2318    </ul>
2319    
2320  <p>  <p>
2321  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
2322  <a href="20041018-mach_pmax.png"><img src="20041018-mach_pmax_small.png"></a>  <a href="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed.gif"><img src="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed_small.gif"></a>
2323    
2324  <p>  <p>
2325  The following steps should let you experiment with running Mach  <font color="#e00000">Currently, I don't test for every release whether
2326  for DECstation in the emulator:  or not OpenBSD/arc can be installed. Releases prior to 0.3.7
2327    (but probably <i>not</i> 0.3.7) should work. Anyway, here are the
2328    old installation instructions:</font>
2329    
2330    <p>To install OpenBSD/arc onto an emulated harddisk image, follow these
2331    instructions:
2332    
2333  <p>  <p>
2334  <ol>  <ol>
2335    <li>Compile gxemul with cache emulation: (<b>NOTE: --enable-caches</b>)<pre>    <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
2336          $ <b>./configure --enable-caches; make</b>          that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre>
2337            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b>
2338    
2339  </pre>  </pre>
2340    <li>Download the pmax binary distribution for Mach 3.0:<pre>    <li>Download the entire arc directory from the ftp server: (approx. 75 MB)<pre>
2341          <a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z</a>          <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/</a></b>
         7263343 bytes, md5 = f9d76c240a6e169921a1df99ad560cc0  
2342    
2343  </pre>  </pre>
2344    <li>Extract the Mach kernel:<pre>  
2345          $ <b>tar xfvz pmax.tar.Z pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b>    <li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded.
2346            (I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't
2347            already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need
2348            to install it in order to do this.)<pre>
2349            <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_arc_2.3.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b>
2350    
2351  </pre>  </pre>
2352    <li>Create an empty disk image:<pre>    <li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre>
2353          $ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=disk.img bs=1 count=512 seek=400000000</b>          <b>gxemul -e pica -X -d obsd_arc.img -d b:openbsd_arc_2.3.iso -j 2.3/arc/bsd.rd</b>
2354    
2355  </pre>  </pre>
2356    <li>Load the contents of pmax.tar.Z onto the disk image. This is          and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD
2357          complicated, and should be described in more detail some time.          on a real Acer PICA-61. (Answer 'no' when asked if you want to
2358          For now, use your imagination. (For example using OpenBSD/pmax:          configure networking, and then install from CD-ROM.)
2359          <i>disklabel -E rz1; newfs -O /dev/rz1a;  </ol>
2360          mount /dev/rz1a /mnt; cd /mnt; download pmax.tar.Z using ftp;  
2361          tar xzvf pmax.tar.Z; mv pmax_mach/* .; rmdir pmax_mach;  <p>
2362          mkdir mach_servers;  Once the install has finished, the following command should let you
2363          cd mach_servers;  boot from the harddisk image:
2364          cp ../etc/mach_init .;  <p>
2365          cp ../tests/test_service startup;  <pre>
2366          dd if=/dev/zero of=paging_file bs=65536 count=400;          <b>gxemul -X -e pica -d obsd_arc.img ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/bsd</b>
2367          cd /; sync; umount /mnt</i>)  
2368    </pre>
2369    
2370    The system is very sensitive to (I think) kernel stack overflow, so it
2371    crashes easily. If I remember correctly from mailing lists, this also
2372    happened on real hardware.
2373    
2374    
2375    
2376    
2377    
2378    
2379    
2380    
2381    
2382    
2383    
2384    <p><br>
2385    <a name="debiancats"></a>
2386    <h3>Debian GNU/Linux for CATS:</h3>
2387    
2388    Debian GNU/Linux for CATS (ARM) could <i>theoretically</i> run in GXemul,
2389    however:
2390    
2391    <ul>
2392      <li>The DEC 21143 NIC is not emulated well enough for Linux to accept it.
2393      <li>Development of Debian for CATS seems to have died? The latest
2394            install kernel is quite old.
2395    </ul>
2396    
2397    <p><font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font>
2398    
2399    <p>The following installation instructions would theoretically work:
2400    
2401    <p>
2402    <ol>
2403      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
2404            that Debian installs itself onto:<pre>
2405            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian_cats.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=3300000</b>
2406    
2407    </pre>
2408      <li>Download the tftpboot install kernel:<pre>
2409            <a href="http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/oldstable/main/disks-arm/current/cats/tftpboot.img">http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/oldstable/main/disks-arm/current/cats/tftpboot.img</a>
2410    
2411    </pre>
2412      <li>Start the installation using the following command line:<pre>
2413            <b>gxemul -XEcats -d debian_cats.img tftpboot.img</b>
2414    
2415    </pre>
2416    </ol>
2417    
2418    <p>It doesn't work, though, because the NIC isn't working well enough.
2419    
2420    <p>The only use of Debian/CATS in the emulator right now is as a way to
2421    manipulate Linux disk images, if you are on a non-Linux host. By choosing
2422    "Execute a shell" in the installer's menu, you can have access to tools such as
2423    fdisk and mke2fs, which are useful for creating Linux paritions on disk images.
2424    
2425    
2426    
2427    
2428    
2429    
2430    
2431    <!--
2432    <p><br>
2433    <a name="linux_malta"></a>
2434    <h3>Linux/Malta:</h3>
2435    
2436    <p>The Malta emulation mode is best suited for running <a
2437    href="#netbsdevbmipsinstall">NetBSD/evbmips</a>, however, it is possible
2438    to experiment with Linux/Malta as well.
2439    
2440    <p>The general idea behind Linux/Malta seems to be that the end user
2441    always compiles his/her own kernel, applies patches, downloads
2442    userland separately, etc. For that reason, Linux/Malta support in the
2443    emulator is not tested for every release (sometimes it works, sometimes it
2444    doesn't work), and these instructions are kind of "fuzzy".
2445    
2446    <p><ol start="1">
2447      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk
2448            that Linux/Malta will be installed onto:<pre>
2449            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=linux.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=5000000</b>
2450    
2451    </pre>
2452      <li>Download a MIPS root filesystem tree:<pre>
2453            <a href="ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a>
2454            19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414
2455    
2456    </pre>
2457            This is an old Redhat tree from 2001, but it seems to almost work.
2458      <p>
2459      <li>Download one precompiled Malta kernel, with ramdisk,
2460            and one without ramdisk (which will be used later on
2461            when booting from disk):<pre>
2462            TODO
2463    
2464    </pre>
2465      <li>Start the emulator with the ramdisk kernel, create a MS-DOS style
2466            MBR on the disk, create the filesystem, and extract the
2467            userland files:<pre>
2468            <b>gunzip vmlinux_2.*
2469            gunzip mipsel-root-20011216.tar
2470            gxemul -xemalta -d linux.img -d mipsel-root-20011216.tar vmlinux_2.4.33.2-ide-pci-ramdisk.elf</b>
2471            Inside GXemul: Log in as root and execute the following commands:
2472            <b>fdisk /dev/hda</b>
2473            (enter suitable commands, e.g. <b>n, p, 1, 1, 9921, w</b>)
2474            <b>mkfs /dev/hda1
2475            mount /dev/hda1 /mnt
2476            cd /mnt; tar -xf /dev/hdb; cd ..
2477            umount /mnt; sync; reboot</b>
2478    
2479    </pre>
2480    </ol>
2481    
2482    <p>It should now be possible to boot from the disk image, using the
2483    following command:
2484    
2485    <p><pre>
2486    <b>     gxemul -xemalta -d linux.img -o "root=/dev/hda1 rw" vmlinux_2.6.18-rc4-ide-pci-novty.elf</b>
2487    </pre>
2488    
2489    <p>There's a slight problem with this specific Redhat tree, so when you
2490    see the message "Configuring kernel parameters:  [  OK  ]", press CTRL-C
2491    once.
2492    -->
2493    
2494    
2495    
2496    
2497    
2498    
2499    <p><br>
2500    <a name="linux_qemu_mips"></a>
2501    <h3>Linux/QEMU_MIPS:</h3>
2502    
2503    I've added a machine mode which emulates the MIPS machine mode used
2504    in Fabrice Bellard's <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/">QEMU</a>.
2505    Starting with QEMU 0.9.0, there are other MIPS modes in QEMU (i.e. Malta);
2506    the QEMU_MIPS mode in GXemul refers to the old QEMU-specific MIPS machine.
2507    
2508    <p>The following steps should let you boot into the Linux/QEMU_MIPS
2509    kernel, in way similar to the <tt>run-qemu</tt> script:
2510    
2511    <p>
2512    <ol>
2513      <li>Download the archive from
2514            <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/download.html</a> and extract it:<pre>
2515            <b>wget <a href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/mips-test-0.2.tar.gz">http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/mips-test-0.2.tar.gz</a>
2516            tar zxvf mips-test-0.2.tar.gz</b>
2517    
2518    </pre>
2519      <li>Start GXemul using the following command line:<pre>
2520            <b>gxemul -E qemu_mips -x -M 128 -o 'console=ttyS0
2521                    rd_start=0x80800000 rd_size=10000000 init=/bin/sh'
2522                    0x80800000:mips-test/initrd.gz mips-test/vmlinux-2.6.18-3-qemu</b>
2523    
2524    </pre>
2525    </ol>
2526    
2527    
2528    
2529    
2530    
2531    
2532    
2533    
2534    <p><br>
2535    <a name="windows_nt_mips"></a>
2536    <h3>Windows NT/MIPS:</h3>
2537    
2538    Old versions of Windows NT could run on MIPS hardware, e.g.
2539    the PICA 61. It is theoretically possible that the emulation provided by
2540    GXemul some day could be stable/complete enough to emulate
2541    such hardware well enough to fool Windows NT into thinking
2542    that it is running on a real machine.
2543    <font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET!</font>
2544    
2545    <p>Installation steps similar to these would be required to install
2546    Windows NT onto a disk image:
2547    
2548    <ol>
2549            <li>Put a "Windows NT 4.0 for MIPS" CDROM (or similar) into
2550                    your CDROM drive. (On FreeBSD systems, it is
2551                    usually called <tt>/dev/cd0c</tt> or similar. Change
2552                    that to whatever the CDROM is called on your system,
2553                    or the name of a raw .iso image. I have tried this
2554                    with the Swedish version, but it might work with
2555                    other versions too.)
2556          <p>          <p>
2557    <li>Start the emulator with the following command:<pre>          <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
2558          $ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -X -d disk.img \                  that you will install Windows NT onto:<pre>
2559              pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b>          <b><tt>dd if=/dev/zero of=winnt_test.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</tt></b>
2560    
2561    </pre>
2562            <li>Run the ARC installer, to partition the disk image:<pre>
2563            <b><tt>gxemul -X -e pica -d winnt_test.img -d bc6:/dev/cd0c -j MIPS\\ARCINST</tt></b>
2564    </pre>
2565            Note that <tt>ARCINST</tt> <i>almost</i> works, but not quite.
2566            <p>
2567            <li>Run the SETUP program:<pre>
2568            <b><tt>gxemul -X -e pica -d winnt_test.img -d bc6:/dev/cd0c -j MIPS\\SETUPLDR</tt></b>
2569    </pre>
2570    </ol>
2571    
2572    <p><tt>SETUPLDR</tt> manages to load some drivers from the cdrom,
2573    but then it crashes because of incomplete emulation of some hardware devices.
2574    
2575    
2576    
2577    
2578    
2579    
2580    
2581    
2582    <p><br>
2583    <a name="netbsdbeboxinstall"></a>
2584    <h3>NetBSD/bebox:</h3>
2585    
2586    There is an old snapshot of
2587    <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/bebox/">NetBSD/bebox</a>
2588    from 1998-11-19 available at NetBSD's ftp server. NetBSD/bebox
2589    could theoretically run in GXemul.
2590    <font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK RIGHT NOW!</font>
2591    
2592    <p>The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/bebox onto a
2593    disk image, using a NetBSD/prep kernel temporarily during the install:
2594    
2595    <p>
2596    <ol>
2597      <li>Download a NetBSD/prep 2.1 install ramdisk kernel:<pre>
2598            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.1/prep/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a>
2599    </pre>
2600      <p>
2601      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
2602            that you will install NetBSD onto:<pre>
2603            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_bebox.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=999000</b>
2604    </pre>
2605      <p>
2606      <li>Download the NetBSD/bebox snapshot, and create a suitable .iso
2607            image of the files:
2608    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
2609    <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/arch/bebox/snapshot/19981119/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/arch/bebox/snapshot/19981119/</a>
2610    mv ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/arch/bebox/snapshot/19981119/kern.tgz .
2611    tar zxvf kern.tgz
2612    rm -f kern.tgz
2613    mkisofs -o netbsd-bebox-19981119.iso ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/arch/bebox/snapshot/19981119</b>
2614    </pre></td></tr></table>
2615      <p>
2616      <li>Now let's extract the files onto the Bebox disk image. Start NetBSD/prep
2617            with the following command line:<pre>
2618            <b>gxemul -x -e ibm6050 -d d:netbsd-bebox-19981119.iso -d nbsd_bebox.img netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b>
2619    
2620    </pre>Choose (S) for Shell, and execute the following commands:
2621    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
2622    <b>disklabel -I -i wd1
2623    a
2624    4.2BSD
2625    1c
2626    750M
2627    b
2628    swap
2629    a
2630    200M
2631    W
2632    y
2633    Q
2634    newfs /dev/wd1a
2635    mount_cd9660 /dev/wd0c /mnt
2636    mount /dev/wd1a /mnt2
2637    cd mnt2
2638    for a in /mnt/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
2639    cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
2640    echo rc_configured=YES &gt;&gt; rc.conf
2641    echo "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1" &gt; fstab
2642    echo "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0" &gt;&gt; fstab
2643    cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2
2644    sync; halt</b>
2645    </pre></td></tr></table>
2646    </ol>
2647    
2648    <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/bebox using this command:<pre>
2649            <b>gxemul -X -E bebox -d nbsd_bebox.img netbsd</b>
2650    </pre>
2651    
2652    <p>When asked for the root device, enter <b><tt>wd0a</tt></b>.
2653    
2654    <p><font color="#ff0000">IT DOES <b>NOT</b> WORK YET</font>, there are
2655    errors while uncompressing the tgz files, and the machine crashes when
2656    trying to run /sbin/init.
2657    
2658    
2659    
2660    
2661    
2662    
2663    
2664    
2665    
2666    
2667    <p><br>
2668    <a name="netbsdlandiskinstall"></a>
2669    <h3>NetBSD/landisk:</h3>
2670    
2671    <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/ports/landisk/">NetBSD/landisk</a> can
2672    run in GXemul.
2673    
2674    <p><font color="#ff0000">NOTE: This is still too
2675    unstable to be considered really working! Snapshots from April 2007
2676    or so will probably not work, unless an #if 0 is changed to
2677    #if 1 in the implementation of the 'LDC Rm,SR' instruction
2678    (in src/cpus/cpu_sh_instr.c).</font>
2679    
2680    <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
2681    <a href="20070224-netbsd-landisk.png"><img src="20070224-netbsd-landisk_small.png"></a>
2682    
2683    <p>At the time of writing this, there are not yet any formal releases
2684    of NetBSD/landisk, only daily snapshot builds.
2685    
2686    <p>The NetBSD/landisk distribution does not include any INSTALL kernel,
2687    so it must be installed using another (emulated) machine.
2688    
2689    <p>The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/landisk onto a disk
2690    image, using an emulated CATS machine:
2691    
2692    <p>
2693    <ol>
2694      <li>Download a NetBSD/cats install kernel:<pre>
2695            <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-3.1/cats/binary/kernel/netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</a>
2696  </pre>  </pre>
2697      <p>
2698      <li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image
2699            that you will install NetBSD/landisk onto:<pre>
2700            <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_landisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=900000</b>
2701    
2702    </pre>
2703      <p>
2704      <li>Download the latest netbsd-4 (pre-release) snapshot, and make an iso image
2705            of it: (replace 200704110002Z with whatever is the latest one)<pre>
2706            <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-4/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-4/</a>200704110002Z/landisk
2707            mkisofs -U -o landisk.iso ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-4/*</b>
2708    </pre>
2709    
2710      <p>
2711      <li>Start the emulated CATS machine like this:<pre>
2712            <b>gxemul -XEcats -d nbsd_landisk.img -d landisk.iso netbsd.aout-INSTALL.gz</b>
2713    
2714    </pre>
2715      <li>Exit the installer, then execute the following commands:
2716    <p><table border="0"><tr><td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td><pre>
2717    <b>disklabel -i -I wd0</b>    (for example 'a', '4.2BSD', '1c',
2718        '700M', 'b', 'swap', '701M', '$', 'P', 'W', 'y', and 'Q')
2719    <b>newfs /dev/wd0a
2720    mount /dev/cd0c /mnt
2721    mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/wd0a /mnt2
2722    cd /mnt2; sh
2723    for a in /mnt/*/binary/sets/[bcekmt]*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done
2724    exit
2725    cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc
2726    echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf
2727    echo "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab
2728    echo "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0" >> fstab
2729    cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b>
2730    </pre></td></tr></table>
2731  </ol>  </ol>
2732    
2733    <p>You should now be able to boot NetBSD/landisk using this command:<pre>
2734            <b>gxemul -x -E landisk -d nbsd_landisk.img netbsd-GENERIC.gz</b>
2735    </pre>
2736    
2737    
2738    
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