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<font color="#000000" size="6"><b>Installing and running "guest OSes"</b> |
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<a href="./">Back to the index</a> |
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|
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<p><br> |
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<h2>Installing and running "guest OSes"</h2> |
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|
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<p> |
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<ul> |
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<li><a href="#generalnotes">General notes on running "guest OSes"</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdinstall">Installing NetBSD/pmax in GXemul</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdarcinstall">Installing NetBSD/arc in GXemul</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdhpcmipsinstall">Installing NetBSD/hpcmips in GXemul</a> |
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<li><a href="#netbsdcobaltinstall">Installing NetBSD/cobalt in GXemul</a> |
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<!-- |
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<li><a href="#netbsdsgimips">Running NetBSD/sgimips in GXemul</a> |
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--> |
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<li><a href="#openbsdinstall">Installing OpenBSD/pmax in GXemul</a> |
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<li><a href="#openbsdarcinstall">Installing OpenBSD/arc in GXemul</a> |
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<!-- |
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<li><a href="#openbsdsgiinstall">Running OpenBSD/sgi in GXemul</a> |
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--> |
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<li><a href="#ultrixinstall">Installing Ultrix/RISC in GXemul</a> |
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<li><a href="#sprite">Running Sprite for DECstation in GXemul</a> |
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<li><a href="#declinux">Installing Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation in GXemul</a> |
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<li><a href="#declinuxredhat">Running Redhat Linux for DECstation in GXemul</a> |
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<li><a href="#mach">Running Mach/PMAX in GXemul</a> |
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</ul> |
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|
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|
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|
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<p><br> |
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<a name="generalnotes"></a> |
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<h3>General notes on running "guest OSes":</h3> |
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|
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The emulator works well enough to run complete operating systems. These |
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are often refered to as "guest" operating systems. |
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|
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<p> |
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Although it is possible to let a guest OS access real hardware, such as |
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harddisks, it is much more flexible and attractive to simulate harddisks |
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using files residing in the host's filesystem. On Unix-like systems, files |
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may contain holes, which makes this really simple. To the guest operating |
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system, the harddisk image looks and acts like a real disk. |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p><br> |
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<a name="netbsdinstall"></a> |
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<h3>Installing NetBSD/pmax in GXemul:</h3> |
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|
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<p> |
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|
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<a href="20050317-example.png"><img src="20050317-example_small.png"></a> |
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|
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<p> |
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To install NetBSD/pmax onto a harddisk image in the emulator, follow these |
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instructions: |
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|
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<p> |
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<ol start="1"> |
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<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
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that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre> |
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$ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_pmax.img bs=1 count=512 seek=1900000000</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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</ol> |
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|
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<p> |
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From this point, there are two separate ways to continue the installation. |
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You can either download a CD-ROM iso image (and let the installation |
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program copy files from the CD-ROM image to the harddisk image), or you |
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can install via ftp. For an installation from a CD-ROM image, follow these |
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steps: |
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<p> |
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<ol start="2"> |
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|
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<li>Download a NetBSD CD-ROM iso image:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/pmaxcd.iso</a> |
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or |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/pmaxcd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/pmaxcd.iso</a> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Start the emulator like this:<pre> |
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$ <b>gxemul -X -b -E dec -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d bc:pmaxcd.iso</b> |
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</pre> |
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</ol> |
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<p> |
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For an ftp install, substitute steps 2 and 3 above with these: |
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<p> |
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<ol start="2"> |
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|
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<li>Download a NetBSD pmax INSTALL kernel, and gunzip it:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a> |
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or |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/pmax/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz</a> |
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|
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$ <b>gunzip netbsd-INSTALL.gz</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Start the emulator like this:<pre> |
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$ <b>gxemul -X -b -E dec -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -O netbsd-INSTALL</b> |
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</pre> |
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</ol> |
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|
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<p> |
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(If you don't want to use a graphical framebuffer during the install, |
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you can remove <b>-X</b> from the command line, but then make sure you |
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choose 'vt100' when prompted with which terminal type to use, and not |
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'rcons'.) |
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|
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<p> |
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Then proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real |
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DECstation. If you are installing from the network, then suitable networking |
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parameters are as follows:<pre> |
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Which device shall I use? [le0]: <b>le0</b> |
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.. |
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Your DNS domain: <b>mydomain.com</b> |
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Your host name: <b>foo</b> |
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Your IPv4 number: <b>10.0.0.1</b> |
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IPv4 Netmask [0xff000000]: <b>0xff000000</b> |
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IPv4 gateway: <b>10.0.0.254</b> |
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IPv4 name server: <b>10.0.0.254</b> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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(If using 10.0.0.254 as the nameserver fails, then try entering the |
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IP number of a real-world nameserver instead.) |
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|
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<p> |
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When the installation is completed, the following command should start |
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NetBSD from the harddisk image:<pre> |
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$ <b>gxemul -X -b -M64 -E dec -e 3max -d nbsd_pmax.img</b> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Use <b>startx</b> to start X windows. |
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|
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<p> |
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<font color="#ff0000">NOTE:</font> For some reason, NetBSD 2.0 doesn't |
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work with X out-of-the-box on pmax. It seems that this has to do with a |
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switch to WSCONS. For now, if you want X, then try NetBSD 1.6.2. |
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|
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<p> |
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If you want to run without the X framebuffer, use this instead:<pre> |
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$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -b -d nbsd_pmax.img</b> |
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</pre> |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p><br> |
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<a name="netbsdarcinstall"></a> |
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<h3>Installing NetBSD/arc in GXemul:</h3> |
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|
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It is possible to run NetBSD/arc on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the emulator. |
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|
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<p> |
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|
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<a href="20041024-netbsd-arc-installed.gif"><img src="20041024-netbsd-arc-installed_small.gif"></a> |
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|
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<p> |
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To install NetBSD/arc from a CDROM image onto an emulated harddisk image, |
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follow these instructions: |
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|
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<p> |
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<ol start="1"> |
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<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
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that NetBSD installs itself onto:<pre> |
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$ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=900000</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Download a NetBSD/arc 1.6.2 CDROM image from ftp:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/1.6.2/arccd.iso</a> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre> |
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$ <b>gxemul -E arc -e pica -x -b -d nbsd_arc.img -d bc:arccd.iso \ |
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-j arc/binary/kernel/netbsd.RAMDISK.gz</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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(Try removing <tt>-x</tt> if you have problems with the xterm.) |
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<p> |
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<li>From now on, you have to use your imagination, as there is no |
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automatic installation program for NetBSD/arc. Here are some tips |
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and hints on how you can proceed with the install:<pre> |
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$ <b>mount /dev/cd0a /mnt2</b> |
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$ <b>disklabel -i -I sd0</b> (for example 'a', '4.2BSD', '1c', |
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'700M', 'b', 'swap', '701M', '$', 'P', 'W', 'y', and 'Q') |
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$ <b>newfs /dev/sd0a</b> |
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$ <b>mount /dev/sd0a /mnt</b> |
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$ <b>cd /mnt</b> |
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$ <b>for a in /mnt2/arc/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar xzpf $a; done</b> |
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$ <b>cd dev; sh MAKEDEV all</b> |
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$ <b>cd ../etc; echo "rc_configured=YES" >> rc.conf</b> |
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$ <b>cat > /mnt/etc/fstab</b> |
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/dev/sd0a / ffs rw 1 1 |
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/dev/sd0b none swap sw 0 0 |
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(ctrl-d) |
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$ <b>cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2</b> |
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$ <b>halt</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Download a generic NetBSD/arc kernel, |
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and gunzip it:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.6.2/arc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a> |
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|
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</pre> |
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</ol> |
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|
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<p> |
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You can now use the generic NetBSD/arc kernel to boot from the harddisk |
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image, using the following command: |
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<p> |
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<pre> |
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$ <b>gxemul -E arc -e pica -xb -d nbsd_arc.img netbsd-GENERIC</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p><br> |
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<a name="netbsdhpcmipsinstall"></a> |
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<h3>Installing NetBSD/hpcmips in GXemul:</h3> |
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|
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It is possible to install NetBSD/hpcmips onto a disk image, on an an |
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emulated MobilePro 770, 780, 800, or 880. The emulator treats the |
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different machine models as being almost identical; the most important |
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difference is regarding the framebuffer. |
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|
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<p> |
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<table border="0"> |
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<tr> |
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<td width="80"> </td> |
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<td><u>Model:</u></td> |
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<td> </td> |
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<td><u>Framebuffer size/depth:</u></td> |
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<td> </td> |
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<td><u>Framebuffer address:</u></td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>MobilePro 770 (<super>*2</super>)</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>640 x 240, 16 bits</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>0xa000000</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>MobilePro 780</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>640 x 240, 16 bits</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>0xa180100 (<super>*</super>)</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>MobilePro 800</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>800 x 600, 16 bits</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>0xa000000</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>MobilePro 880</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>800 x 600, 16 bits</td> |
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<td></td> |
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<td>0xa0ea600 (<super>*</super>)</td> |
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</tr> |
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</table> |
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|
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<p> |
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(<super>*</super>) = not aligned at a 4 KB boundary, so it will not work |
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efficiently with the current bintrans system. Using this mode will still |
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work, but each load and store will be emulated much more slowly than is |
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possible with an aligned framebuffer. |
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|
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<p> |
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(<super>*2</super>) = The MobilePro 770's cursor keys work differently |
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than the other models, for some reason. (This is a known bug.) |
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|
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<p> |
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|
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<a href="20050427-netbsd-hpcmips-1.png"><img src="20050427-netbsd-hpcmips-1_small.png"></a> |
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|
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<a href="20050427-netbsd-hpcmips-2.png"><img src="20050427-netbsd-hpcmips-2_small.png"></a> |
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|
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<p> |
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These instructions show an example of how to install |
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NetBSD/hpcmips on an emulated MobilePro 800: |
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|
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<p> |
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<ol start="1"> |
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<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
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that you will install NetBSD/hpcmips onto:<pre> |
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$ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_hpcmips.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1990000</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Download the NetBSD 2.0 for hpcmips ISO image:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/hpcmipscd.iso">hpcmipscd.iso</a> |
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|
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</pre>(You may want to choose a mirror closer to you, if .se is slow.) |
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<p> |
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<li>Start the installation like this:<pre> |
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$ <b>gxemul -E hpc -e mobilepro800 -b -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img \ |
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-d b:hpcmipscd.iso -j hpcmips/installation/netbsd.gz</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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and proceed like you would do if you were installing NetBSD on a real |
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MobilePro 800. (Install onto wd0, choose "Use entire disk" when |
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doing the MBR partitioning, and choose wd1d (not cd0c) as the |
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CDROM device to install from.) |
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</ol> |
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|
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<p> |
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If everything worked, NetBSD should now be installed on the disk image. |
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GXemul does not (yet) support reading the kernel directly from the |
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disk image, so you need to download a generic kernel separately:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel/">ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel</a>/<a href="ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/hpcmips/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a> |
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|
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Once you have gunziped the generic kernel, you can now use it to boot from |
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the harddisk image, using the following command:<pre> |
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$ <b>gxemul -E hpc -e mobilepro800 -b -X -d nbsd_hpcmips.img netbsd-GENERIC</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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When you have logged in as root, you can use <b>startx</b> to start X |
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Windows. (Note: There is no mouse support yet; you can only use |
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keyboard input.) |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p><br> |
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<a name="netbsdcobaltinstall"></a> |
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<h3>Installing NetBSD/cobalt in GXemul:</h3> |
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|
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<a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/cobalt/">NetBSD/cobalt</a> is tricky |
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to install, because the Cobalt machines were designed for Linux, and not |
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very flexible. There is no INSTALL kernel for NetBSD/cobalt. One way to |
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install the NetBSD/cobalt distribution onto a disk image is to do it from |
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another (emulated) machine. |
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|
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<p> |
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|
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<a href="20050413-netbsd-cobalt.png"><img src="20050413-netbsd-cobalt_small.png"></a> |
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|
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<p> |
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The following instructions will let you install NetBSD/cobalt onto a disk |
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image, from an emulated DECstation 3MAX machine: |
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|
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<p> |
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<ol> |
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<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the disk image |
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that you will install NetBSD/cobalt onto:<pre> |
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$ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=nbsd_cobalt.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=1999000</b> |
426 |
|
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</pre> |
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<li>Download the generic kernel for Cobalt (and gunzip it) and |
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the 2.0 ISO image:<pre> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/cobalt/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz</a> |
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<a href="ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/cobaltcd.iso">ftp://ftp.se.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/2.0/cobaltcd.iso</a> |
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|
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</pre>(You may want to choose a mirror closer to you, if .se is slow.) |
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<p> |
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<li>Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0 according to instructions further up |
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on this page. |
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<p> |
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<li>Start NetBSD/pmax like this:<pre> |
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$ <b>gxemul -b -Edec -e3max -d nbsd_pmax.img -d cobaltcd.iso -d nbsd_cobalt.img</b> |
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|
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</pre> |
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<li>Log in as root (on the emulated 3MAX machine), and execute the |
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following commands: (adjust according to taste)<pre> |
444 |
# <b>newfs /dev/sd1c</b> |
445 |
# <b>mount /dev/cd0c /mnt</b> |
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# <b>mkdir /mnt2; mount /dev/sd1c /mnt2</b> |
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# <b>cd /mnt2; sh</b> |
448 |
# <b>for a in /mnt/cobalt/binary/sets/*.tgz; do echo $a; tar zxfp $a; done</b> |
449 |
# <b>exit</b> |
450 |
# <b>cd dev; sh ./MAKEDEV all; cd ../etc</b> |
451 |
# <b>echo rc_configured=YES >> rc.conf</b> |
452 |
# <b>echo "/dev/wd0d / ffs rw 1 1" > fstab</b> |
453 |
# <b>cd /; umount /mnt; umount /mnt2; halt</b> |
454 |
</pre> |
455 |
</ol> |
456 |
|
457 |
<p> |
458 |
You should now be able to boot NetBSD/cobalt like this:<pre> |
459 |
$ <b>gxemul -b -M128 -E cobalt -d nbsd_cobalt.img netbsd-GENERIC</b> |
460 |
</pre> |
461 |
|
462 |
Note that the installation instructions above create a filesystem |
463 |
<i>without</i> a disklabel, so there is only one ffs partition and no |
464 |
swap. You will need to enter the following things when booting with the |
465 |
generic kernel:<pre> |
466 |
root device (default wd0a): <b>wd0d</b> |
467 |
dump device (default wd0b): <b>none</b> |
468 |
file system (default generic): <b>ffs</b> |
469 |
init path (default /sbin/init): <i>(just press enter here)</i> |
470 |
</pre> |
471 |
|
472 |
|
473 |
|
474 |
|
475 |
|
476 |
|
477 |
|
478 |
<!-- |
479 |
|
480 |
<p><br> |
481 |
<a name="netbsdsgimips"></a> |
482 |
<h3>Running NetBSD/sgimips in GXemul:</h3> |
483 |
|
484 |
<a href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/sgimips/">NetBSD/sgimips</a> |
485 |
can theoretically run in GXemul on an emulated O2 (SGI-IP32) with root on nfs. |
486 |
|
487 |
<p> |
488 |
<font color="#ff0000">NOTE: I haven't succeeded with this yet.</font> |
489 |
|
490 |
<p> |
491 |
See the section on <a href="#openbsdsgiinstall">how to run OpenBSD/sgi</a> |
492 |
for more information. |
493 |
|
494 |
<p> |
495 |
TODO... |
496 |
|
497 |
<pre> |
498 |
cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.netbsd.org |
499 |
.. |
500 |
cd pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-2.0/sgimips/binary/sets |
501 |
mget *.tgz |
502 |
exit |
503 |
sh |
504 |
for a in etc.tgz base.tgz comp.tgz; do tar zxvfp $a; done |
505 |
|
506 |
</pre> |
507 |
|
508 |
--> |
509 |
|
510 |
|
511 |
|
512 |
|
513 |
|
514 |
|
515 |
|
516 |
<p><br> |
517 |
<a name="openbsdinstall"></a> |
518 |
<h3>Installing OpenBSD/pmax in GXemul:</h3> |
519 |
|
520 |
Installing OpenBSD/pmax is a bit harder than installing NetBSD/pmax. |
521 |
You should first read the section above on how to install NetBSD/pmax, |
522 |
before continuing here. If you have never installed OpenBSD on any |
523 |
architecture, then you need a great deal of patience to do this. |
524 |
If, on the other hand you are used to installing OpenBSD, then |
525 |
this should be no problem for you. |
526 |
|
527 |
<p> |
528 |
|
529 |
<a href="20040710-openbsd-pmax.png"><img src="20040710-openbsd-pmax_small.png"></a> |
530 |
|
531 |
<a href="openbsd-pmax-20040710.png"><img src="openbsd-pmax-20040710_small.png"></a> |
532 |
|
533 |
<p> |
534 |
OpenBSD/pmax died at release 2.8 of OpenBSD, so you should be |
535 |
aware of the fact that this will not give you an up-to-date OpenBSD |
536 |
system. |
537 |
|
538 |
<p> |
539 |
Following these instructions <i>might</i> work. If not, then use |
540 |
common sense and imagination to modify them as you see fit. |
541 |
|
542 |
<p> |
543 |
<ol> |
544 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
545 |
that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre> |
546 |
$ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_pmax.img bs=1 count=512 seek=900000000</b> |
547 |
|
548 |
</pre> |
549 |
<li>Download the entire pmax directory from the ftp server: (approx. 99 MB)<pre> |
550 |
$ <b>wget -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/</a></b> |
551 |
|
552 |
</pre> |
553 |
|
554 |
<li>Execute the following commands:<pre> |
555 |
$ <b>mv ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax/simpleroot28.fs.gz .</b> |
556 |
$ <b>gunzip simpleroot28.fs.gz</b> |
557 |
$ <b>chmod +w simpleroot28.fs</b> <--- make sure |
558 |
|
559 |
</pre> |
560 |
<li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded. |
561 |
I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't |
562 |
already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need |
563 |
to install it in order to do this.<pre> |
564 |
$ <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.8/pmax</b> |
565 |
|
566 |
</pre> |
567 |
<li>Start the emulator with all three (!) disk images:<pre> |
568 |
$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -b -d obsd_pmax.img -d b:simpleroot28.fs -j bsd -d c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso</b> |
569 |
|
570 |
</pre> |
571 |
(If you add <tt><b>-X</b></tt>, you will run with the graphical |
572 |
framebuffer. This is <i>REALLY</i> slow because the console has to |
573 |
scroll a lot during the install. I don't recommend it.) |
574 |
<p> |
575 |
<li>Go on with the installation as you would do if you were installing on a real machine. |
576 |
If you are not used to the OpenBSD installer, then this will most likely |
577 |
be a very uncomfortable experience. Some important things to keep in mind are: |
578 |
<ul> |
579 |
<li>rz0 is the rootdisk you wish to install onto. |
580 |
<li>rz1 is the simpleroot image. |
581 |
<li>rz2 is the CDROM containing the "install sets". |
582 |
<li>When asked for the "<b>root device?</b>", enter <b>rz1</b>. |
583 |
<li>At "<b>Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:</b>", press enter. |
584 |
<li>At the # prompt, do the following:<pre> |
585 |
$ <b>fsck /dev/rz1a</b> (and mark the filesystem as clean) |
586 |
$ <b>mount /dev/rz1a /</b> |
587 |
$ <b>mount -t kernfs kern kern</b> |
588 |
$ <b>./install</b> |
589 |
|
590 |
</pre> |
591 |
and proceed with the install. Good luck. :-) |
592 |
<li>Answer "<b>y</b>" when asked if you wish to configure the network. |
593 |
(See the section about installing NetBSD/pmax for suitable |
594 |
network settings.) |
595 |
<li>Install from "<b>c</b>" (cdrom), choose "<b>rz2</b>" as the cdrom device, and "<b>/</b>" as |
596 |
the directory containing the install sets. |
597 |
</ul> |
598 |
<p> |
599 |
<li> |
600 |
For some unknown reason, the install script does not set the root |
601 |
password! The first time you boot up OpenBSD after the install, you |
602 |
need to go into single user mode and run <b>passwd root</b> to set |
603 |
the root password, or you will not be able to log in at all! |
604 |
<pre> |
605 |
$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -b -d obsd_pmax.img -d 2c:openbsd_pmax_2.8.iso -j bsd -o '-s'</b> |
606 |
</pre> |
607 |
While you are at it, you might want to extract the X11 install sets |
608 |
as well, as the installer seems to ignore them too. (Perhaps due to a bug |
609 |
in the installer, perhaps because of the way I used mkisofs.) |
610 |
<p> |
611 |
Execute the following commands in the emulator: |
612 |
<pre> |
613 |
# <b>fsck /dev/rz0a</b> |
614 |
# <b>mount /</b> |
615 |
# <b>passwd root</b> |
616 |
|
617 |
# <b>cd /; mount -t cd9660 /dev/rz2c /mnt; sh</b> |
618 |
# <b>for a in /mnt/[xX]*; do tar zxvf $a; done</b> |
619 |
# <b>ln -s /usr/X11R6/bin/Xcfbpmax /usr/X11R6/bin/X</b> |
620 |
# <b>ln -s /dev/fb0 /dev/mouse</b> |
621 |
# <b>echo /usr/X11R6/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf</b> |
622 |
# <b>ldconfig</b> |
623 |
|
624 |
# <b>sync</b> |
625 |
# <b>halt</b> |
626 |
</pre> |
627 |
</ol> |
628 |
|
629 |
<p> |
630 |
NOTE: It is also possible to install via ftp instead of using a CDROM image. |
631 |
This is not much less awkward, you still need the simpleroot filesystem |
632 |
image, and you still have to manually add the X11 install sets and set the |
633 |
root password, and so on. |
634 |
|
635 |
<p> |
636 |
Once you have completed the installation procedure, the following command |
637 |
will let you boot from the new rootdisk image: |
638 |
<pre> |
639 |
$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -b -X -M64 -o '-aN' -d obsd_pmax.img -j bsd</b> |
640 |
</pre> |
641 |
|
642 |
<p> |
643 |
(Normally, you would be asked about which root device to use (<tt>rz0</tt>), |
644 |
but using <b><tt>-o '-aN'</tt></b> supresses that.) |
645 |
|
646 |
<p> |
647 |
When asked for which terminal type to use, when logging in as root, |
648 |
enter <b><tt>rcons</tt></b> if you are using the graphical framebuffer, |
649 |
<b><tt>vt100</tt></b> for text-mode. |
650 |
<br>Use <b><tt>startx</tt></b> to start X windows. |
651 |
|
652 |
|
653 |
|
654 |
|
655 |
|
656 |
|
657 |
<p><br> |
658 |
<a name="openbsdarcinstall"></a> |
659 |
<h3>Installing OpenBSD/arc in GXemul:</h3> |
660 |
|
661 |
It is possible to run OpenBSD/arc on an emulated Acer PICA-61 in the |
662 |
emulator. |
663 |
|
664 |
<p> |
665 |
|
666 |
<a href="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed.gif"><img src="20041024-openbsd-arc-installed_small.gif"></a> |
667 |
|
668 |
<p> |
669 |
(You should be aware of the fact that OpenBSD for the ARC platform died at |
670 |
release 2.3, so this will not give you an up-to-date OpenBSD system. |
671 |
See |
672 |
<a href="http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html">http://www.openbsd.org/arc.html</a> |
673 |
for more information.) |
674 |
|
675 |
<p> |
676 |
To install OpenBSD/arc onto an emulated harddisk image, follow these |
677 |
instructions: |
678 |
|
679 |
<p> |
680 |
<ol> |
681 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
682 |
that OpenBSD installs itself onto:<pre> |
683 |
$ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=obsd_arc.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=700000</b> |
684 |
|
685 |
</pre> |
686 |
<li>Download the entire arc directory from the ftp server: (approx. 75 MB)<pre> |
687 |
$ <b>wget -np -l 0 -r <a href="ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/">ftp://ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/</a></b> |
688 |
|
689 |
</pre> |
690 |
|
691 |
<li>You now need to make an ISO image of the entire directory you downloaded. |
692 |
I recommend using <tt>mkisofs</tt> for that purpose. If you don't |
693 |
already have <tt>mkisofs</tt> installed on your system, you need |
694 |
to install it in order to do this.<pre> |
695 |
$ <b>mkisofs -o openbsd_arc_2.3.iso ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/</b> |
696 |
|
697 |
</pre> |
698 |
<li>Start the emulator using this command line:<pre> |
699 |
$ <b>gxemul -X -b -E arc -e pica -d obsd_arc.img -d b:openbsd_arc_2.3.iso -j 2.3/arc/bsd.rd</b> |
700 |
|
701 |
</pre> |
702 |
and proceed like you would do if you were installing OpenBSD |
703 |
on a real Acer PICA-61. (Answer 'no' when asked if you want to |
704 |
configure networking, and then install from CD-ROM.) |
705 |
</ol> |
706 |
|
707 |
<p> |
708 |
Once the install has finished, the following command should let you |
709 |
boot from the harddisk image: |
710 |
<p> |
711 |
<pre> |
712 |
$ <b>gxemul -X -b -E arc -e pica -d obsd_arc.img ftp.se.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.3/arc/bsd</b> |
713 |
|
714 |
</pre> |
715 |
|
716 |
|
717 |
|
718 |
|
719 |
|
720 |
<!-- |
721 |
|
722 |
<p><br> |
723 |
<a name="openbsdsgiinstall"></a> |
724 |
<h3>Running OpenBSD/sgi in GXemul:</h3> |
725 |
|
726 |
<a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sgi.html">OpenBSD/sgi</a> |
727 |
can theoretically run in GXemul on an emulated O2 (SGI-IP32) with root on nfs. |
728 |
|
729 |
<p> |
730 |
<font color="#ff0000">NOTE: I haven't succeeded with this yet.</font> |
731 |
|
732 |
<p> |
733 |
GXemul does not yet emulate the AHC PCI SCSI controller in the O2, so |
734 |
another emulated machine must be used as the nfs root server, and the |
735 |
emulated O2 machine must boot as a |
736 |
<a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=diskless&manpath=OpenBSD+Current&format=html">diskless</a> |
737 |
client. Performing this setup is very time consuming, but necessary. |
738 |
|
739 |
<p> |
740 |
<ol> |
741 |
<li><a href="#netbsdinstall">Install NetBSD/pmax 2.0 from CDROM</a> |
742 |
(or install some other similar OS) inside the emulator. This will |
743 |
be the "nfs server" machine. Create a 600 MB <tt>/tftpboot</tt> |
744 |
partition during the installation. |
745 |
<p> |
746 |
<li>Configure the nfs server machine to act as an nfs server.<pre> |
747 |
# <b>echo hostname=server >> /etc/rc.conf</b> |
748 |
# <b>echo ifconfig_le0=\"inet 10.0.0.2\" >> /etc/rc.conf</b> |
749 |
# <b>echo nameserver 10.0.0.254 >> /etc/rc.conf</b> |
750 |
# <b>echo 10.0.0.254 > /etc/mygate</b> |
751 |
# <b>echo /tftpboot -maproot=root 10.0.0.1 > /etc/exports</b> |
752 |
# <b>echo rpcbind=YES >> /etc/rc.conf</b> |
753 |
# <b>echo nfs_server=YES >> /etc/rc.conf</b> |
754 |
# <b>echo mountd=YES >> /etc/rc.conf</b> |
755 |
# <b>echo bootparamd=YES >> /etc/rc.conf</b> |
756 |
# <b>printf "client root=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot \\\n swap=10.0.0.2:/tftpboot/swap\n" > /etc/bootparams</b> |
757 |
# <b>echo 10.0.0.1 client > /etc/hosts</b> |
758 |
|
759 |
Reboot. Then download the OpenBSD/sgi distribution: (NOTE: This |
760 |
takes quite some time, even if you have a fast network connection.) |
761 |
|
762 |
# <b>cd /tftpboot; ftp -i ftp.se.openbsd.org</b> |
763 |
... |
764 |
<b>cd pub/OpenBSD/3.7/sgi</b> |
765 |
<b>mget *</b> |
766 |
|
767 |
# <b>sh</b> |
768 |
# <b>for a in base* etc* misc*; do tar vzxfp $a; done</b> |
769 |
# <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1024 count=16384</b> |
770 |
|
771 |
</pre> |
772 |
<p> |
773 |
<li>Create a configuration file along these lines:<pre> |
774 |
<font color="#2020cf">!!gxemul |
775 |
! |
776 |
! Configuration file for running OpenBSD/sgi diskless with |
777 |
! a NetBSD/pmax machine as the nfs server. |
778 |
! |
779 |
! Change the filenames to suit your setup.</font> |
780 |
|
781 |
<b>emul( |
782 |
net() |
783 |
|
784 |
machine( |
785 |
name("client machine") |
786 |
type("sgi") |
787 |
subtype("ip32") |
788 |
bintrans(yes) |
789 |
load("openbsd-sgi-20050202-bsd") |
790 |
start_paused(yes) |
791 |
) |
792 |
|
793 |
machine( |
794 |
name("nfs server") |
795 |
type("dec") |
796 |
subtype("5000/200") |
797 |
bintrans(yes) |
798 |
disk("nbsd_pmax.img") |
799 |
) |
800 |
)</b> |
801 |
|
802 |
</pre> |
803 |
<li>Boot the nfs server and the OpenBSD/sgi client machine like this:<pre> |
804 |
$ <b>gxemul @myconf</b> |
805 |
|
806 |
</pre> |
807 |
You might want to log in as root on the server machine, and |
808 |
run <b>tcpdump -lnvv</b> or similar, to see that what the client |
809 |
machine actually does on the network. |
810 |
<p> |
811 |
The OpenBSD box ("client machine") will be paused, so when you |
812 |
are ready to unpause it, press CTRL-C in the main GXemul |
813 |
window and use the <b>focus</b> and <b>pause</b> commands to |
814 |
unpause the main CPU in that machine, and then <b>continue</b> |
815 |
to resume execution. |
816 |
<p> |
817 |
When asked for "root device :", enter <b>mec0</b>. |
818 |
</ol> |
819 |
|
820 |
<p> |
821 |
TODO... |
822 |
|
823 |
--> |
824 |
|
825 |
|
826 |
|
827 |
|
828 |
|
829 |
<p><br> |
830 |
<a name="ultrixinstall"></a> |
831 |
<h3>Installing Ultrix/RISC in GXemul:</h3> |
832 |
|
833 |
Ultrix 4.x can run in GXemul on an emulated DECstation 5000/200. |
834 |
|
835 |
<p> |
836 |
|
837 |
<a href="20040504-ultrix45-boot1.png"><img src="20040504-ultrix45-boot1_small.gif"></a> |
838 |
|
839 |
<a href="ultrix4.5-20040706.png"><img src="ultrix4.5-20040706_small.gif"></a> |
840 |
|
841 |
<p> |
842 |
The following instructions should let you install Ultrix onto a disk image: |
843 |
|
844 |
<ol> |
845 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
846 |
that Ultrix installs itself onto:<pre> |
847 |
$ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=rootdisk.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=800000</b> |
848 |
|
849 |
</pre> |
850 |
<li>Place your Ultrix installation media in your CDROM drive. |
851 |
(On FreeBSD and similar systems, it is called <tt>/dev/cd0c</tt>. |
852 |
Replace that with the name of your CDROM drive, or the name of a |
853 |
.iso image file.) Then, start the emulator like this:<pre> |
854 |
$ <b>gxemul -X -b -M64 -E dec -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d bc:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b> |
855 |
|
856 |
</pre> |
857 |
<li>Once the first stage of the installation is done (restoring the root |
858 |
filesystem), you need to restart the emulator, booting from the |
859 |
new rootdisk, to continue the installation process. |
860 |
This is done by removing the bootflag ('<tt>b</tt>') from the second |
861 |
diskimage argument:<pre> |
862 |
$ <b>gxemul -X -b -M64 -E dec -e 3max -d rootdisk.img -d c:/dev/cd0c -j vmunix</b> |
863 |
|
864 |
</pre> |
865 |
</ol> |
866 |
|
867 |
<p> |
868 |
When the installation is completed, the following command should start |
869 |
Ultrix from the harddisk image:<pre> |
870 |
$ <b>gxemul -X -b -M64 -E dec -e 3max -j vmunix -d rootdisk.img</b> |
871 |
</pre> |
872 |
|
873 |
<p> |
874 |
Ultrix mostly seems to work with dynamic binary translation (enabled by |
875 |
the <b><tt>-b</tt></b> command line option). If you have a very fast |
876 |
host machine, and use bintrans, you might experience a weird timer related |
877 |
bug, which makes it impossible to logon to the system. It is triggered |
878 |
when the emulation goes faster than any real DECstation machine was |
879 |
capable of running. A temporary workaround is to add <b><tt>-I33000000</tt></b> |
880 |
to fix the emulated clock speed to 33 million instructions per emulated |
881 |
second. (When using <tt><b>-CR4400</b></tt>, <b><tt>-I16000000</tt></b> |
882 |
should be used instead.) |
883 |
|
884 |
<p> |
885 |
You can experiment with adding <b><tt>-Z2</tt></b> (for emulating a |
886 |
dual-headed workstation) or even <b><tt>-Z3</tt></b> (tripple-headed), and |
887 |
also the <b><tt>-Y2</tt></b> option for scaling down the framebuffer |
888 |
windows by a factor 2x2. |
889 |
There is also a <b><tt>-z</tt></b> option for supplying names of X11 |
890 |
displays to use. The following example starts Ultrix on an emulated |
891 |
tripple-headed workstation, on three different displays (<tt>remote1:0.0</tt>, |
892 |
<tt>localhost:0.0</tt>, and <tt>remote2:0.0</tt>), using no scaledown:<pre> |
893 |
$ <b>gxemul -M64 -bN -E dec -e 3max -jgenvmunix -d rootdisk.img \ |
894 |
-XZ3 -z remote1:0.0 -z localhost:0.0 -z remote2:0.0</b> |
895 |
</pre> |
896 |
|
897 |
<p> |
898 |
The photo below shows a single Ultrix session running tripple-headed in |
899 |
GXemul on an Alpha 21164PC, with displays on a Sun Ultra1 (to the left), |
900 |
on the Alpha itself (in the middle), and on an HP700/RX X-terminal (8-bit |
901 |
color depth, running off the Alpha) to the right. |
902 |
|
903 |
<p> |
904 |
|
905 |
<a href="20041209-ultrix-tripplehead.jpg"><img src="20041209-ultrix-tripplehead_small.jpg"></a> |
906 |
|
907 |
<p> |
908 |
The X11 displays may differ in bit depth and endianness. Unfortunately, |
909 |
there is no way yet to set the scaledown factor on a per-window basis, so |
910 |
the scaledown factor affects all windows. |
911 |
|
912 |
<p> |
913 |
(If you didn't use <tt><b>-Z<i>n</i></b></tt> during the installation, and |
914 |
compiled your own <tt>/vmunix</tt>, then it will not contain support for |
915 |
multiple graphics cards. To overcome this problem, use the generic kernel, |
916 |
<tt><b>-j genvmunix</b></tt>, whenever you are running the emulator with a |
917 |
different setup than the one you used when Ultrix was installed.) |
918 |
|
919 |
<p> |
920 |
A note for the historically interested: OSF/1 for MIPS was quite similar |
921 |
to Ultrix, so that is possible to run as well. If you are unsuccessful |
922 |
in installing Ultrix or OSF/1 directly in the emulator, you can always |
923 |
install it on your real machine onto a real SCSI disk, and then copy the |
924 |
contents of that SCSI disk into a file (using <b><tt>dd(1)</tt></b>), and use |
925 |
that file as a disk image file in the emulator. |
926 |
|
927 |
|
928 |
|
929 |
|
930 |
|
931 |
|
932 |
<p><br> |
933 |
<a name="sprite"></a> |
934 |
<h3>Running Sprite for DECstation in GXemul:</h3> |
935 |
|
936 |
Sprite was a research operating system at the University of Berkeley. |
937 |
The Unix Heritage Society (TUHS, <a href="http://www.tuhs.org">www.tuhs.org</a>) |
938 |
has made available a copy of a Sprite harddisk image for a DECstation 5000/200. |
939 |
If you want to find out more about Sprite in general, read |
940 |
<a href="http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/projects/sprite/retrospective.html"> |
941 |
http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/projects/sprite/retrospective.html</a>. |
942 |
|
943 |
<p> |
944 |
|
945 |
<a href="20040711-sprite-1.png"><img src="20040711-sprite-1_small.png"></a> |
946 |
|
947 |
<a href="sprite-20040711.png"><img src="sprite-20040711_small.png"></a> |
948 |
|
949 |
<p> |
950 |
The following instructions should let you run Sprite in the emulator: |
951 |
|
952 |
<p> |
953 |
<ol> |
954 |
<li>Download the Sprite harddisk image using ftp or http:<pre> |
955 |
<a href="http://www.es.embnet.org/Services/ftp/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/">http://www.es.embnet.org/Services/ftp/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite</a>/<a href="http://www.es.embnet.org/Services/ftp/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/ds5000.bt">ds5000.bt</a> |
956 |
or <a href="ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/ds5000.bt">ftp://ftp.es.embnet.org/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/ds5000.bt</a> |
957 |
83973120 bytes, MD5 = ec84eeeb20fe77b758370d5e312e4a5e |
958 |
|
959 |
</pre> |
960 |
<li>Start the emulator with the following command line:<pre> |
961 |
$ <b>gxemul -X -b -E dec -e 3max -M128 -d ds5000.bt -j vmsprite -o ''</b> |
962 |
|
963 |
</pre> |
964 |
</ol> |
965 |
|
966 |
<p> |
967 |
The first time you boot up with the disk image, you will be asked a number |
968 |
of questions regarding network settings. If you feel like entering correct |
969 |
values, then you should use the following: |
970 |
<p> |
971 |
|
972 |
<pre> |
973 |
Your machine's Ethernet address: 10:20:30:40:50:60 |
974 |
Your machine's IP: 10.0.0.1 |
975 |
Subnet mask: 0xff000000 |
976 |
Gateway's Ethernet address: 60:50:40:30:20:10 |
977 |
Gateway's IP: 10.0.0.254 |
978 |
</pre> |
979 |
|
980 |
<p> |
981 |
Unfortunately, at the end of <a href="http://www.es.embnet.org/Services/ftp/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/boot.txt"> |
982 |
http://www.es.embnet.org/Services/ftp/misc/TUHS/other_os/Sprite/boot.txt</a>, the |
983 |
following sad statement can be found: |
984 |
<pre> |
985 |
The bootable Sprite image is meant to be a demonstration of Sprite, not |
986 |
a robust Sprite system. There are several missing things, such as |
987 |
floating point and network support. |
988 |
</pre> |
989 |
|
990 |
<p> |
991 |
Once you are logged in as root, running <b>xinit</b> will start the X11 |
992 |
environment. |
993 |
|
994 |
|
995 |
|
996 |
|
997 |
|
998 |
<p><br> |
999 |
<a name="declinux"></a> |
1000 |
<h3>Installing Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation in GXemul:</h3> |
1001 |
|
1002 |
<font color="#ef0000">NOTE: This is experimental, and <i>extremely</i> |
1003 |
unstable. During my tests, even pressing the wrong key during the install |
1004 |
(for example the wrong cursor key) can cause a kernel Oops. |
1005 |
I <i>think</i> this has to do with interrupts from the serial controller. |
1006 |
Hopefully using the <tt><b>-U</b></tt> command line option will reduce the |
1007 |
risk for such crashes. (I haven't had time to come up with a clean |
1008 |
solution to this yet; it feels like a buffer overflow in Linux' serial |
1009 |
driver for the 5000/200, but it is also likely that it is a bug in GXemul.) |
1010 |
</font> |
1011 |
|
1012 |
<p> |
1013 |
|
1014 |
<a href="20041212-debian_1.png"><img src="20041212-debian_1_small.gif"></a> |
1015 |
|
1016 |
<a href="20041212-debian_2.png"><img src="20041212-debian_2_small.gif"></a> |
1017 |
|
1018 |
<a href="20041213-debian_3.png"><img src="20041213-debian_3_small.gif"></a> |
1019 |
|
1020 |
<a href="20041213-debian_4.png"><img src="20041213-debian_4_small.gif"></a> |
1021 |
|
1022 |
<p> |
1023 |
The following steps should let you install Debian GNU/Linux for DECstation |
1024 |
onto a harddisk image: |
1025 |
|
1026 |
<p> |
1027 |
<ol> |
1028 |
<li>Create an empty harddisk image, which will be the root disk |
1029 |
that Debian installs itself onto:<pre> |
1030 |
$ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=debian.img bs=1024 count=1 seek=2000000</b> |
1031 |
|
1032 |
</pre> |
1033 |
<li>Download an install kernel:<pre> |
1034 |
<a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/</a> |
1035 |
<a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img</a> |
1036 |
or |
1037 |
<a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/main/</a> |
1038 |
<a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img">installer-mipsel/current/images/r3k-kn02/boot.img</a> |
1039 |
|
1040 |
</pre> |
1041 |
depending on whether you want to install Debian "Testing" or |
1042 |
"Unstable". |
1043 |
<p> |
1044 |
<li>For a text-mode installation, start the emulator like this:<pre> |
1045 |
$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -b -U -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img -O boot.img</b> |
1046 |
|
1047 |
</pre> |
1048 |
</ol> |
1049 |
|
1050 |
<p> |
1051 |
Debian GNU/Linux on DECstation works reasonably fine with dynamic |
1052 |
binary translation, enabled by the <b><tt>-b</tt></b> command line option. |
1053 |
(Without this option, the emulator might be less buggy, but also too slow |
1054 |
to be useful when running Linux as a guest OS.) |
1055 |
|
1056 |
<p> |
1057 |
(If you want to, you can try <b>-X</b> instead of <b>-o 'console=ttyS3'</b> on |
1058 |
the command line. This will cause Linux to use the graphical framebuffer. |
1059 |
Unfortunately, Linux does not seem to have a driver for the DZ11 keyboard |
1060 |
controller yet, so you cannot interact with the system. You will see the |
1061 |
penguin in the upper lefthand corner while booting, and nicely rendered Unicode |
1062 |
characters, but that's about it.) |
1063 |
|
1064 |
<p> |
1065 |
You need to enter some values during the installation procedure, for example |
1066 |
network settings. The following should work: |
1067 |
<p> |
1068 |
<pre> |
1069 |
DHCP: No, choose "Configure network manually" |
1070 |
IP address: 10.0.0.1 |
1071 |
Netmask: 255.0.0.0 |
1072 |
Gateway: 10.0.0.254 |
1073 |
Name server addresses: 10.0.0.254 |
1074 |
</pre> |
1075 |
|
1076 |
<p> |
1077 |
<ol start="4"> |
1078 |
<li>Once the first phase of the install has finished, the following command |
1079 |
should let you boot into Debian, and perform post-install |
1080 |
configuration:<pre> |
1081 |
$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -b -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img</b> |
1082 |
|
1083 |
</pre> |
1084 |
</ol> |
1085 |
|
1086 |
<p> |
1087 |
It seems that there's a problem with getting a login prompt on serial |
1088 |
console (at least when I've done test installs), so when the installation |
1089 |
is finished and you're supposed to get a login prompt, you need to press |
1090 |
CTRL-C and type <b>quit</b>, and then: |
1091 |
|
1092 |
<p> |
1093 |
<ol start="5"> |
1094 |
<li>Download a normal kernel (<i>not</i> a RAMDISK kernel):<pre> |
1095 |
<a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/</a> |
1096 |
<a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</a> |
1097 |
|
1098 |
</pre> |
1099 |
<li>Boot Debian using the following command line:<pre> |
1100 |
$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -b -M64 -o \ |
1101 |
'console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh' \ |
1102 |
-d debian.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b> |
1103 |
|
1104 |
</pre> |
1105 |
You'll enter single-user mode. You need to add a line to |
1106 |
/etc/inittab, to enable logins via serial console.<pre> |
1107 |
sh-2.05b# <b>echo 'T3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS3 9600 vt100' >> /etc/inittab</b> |
1108 |
sh-2.05b# <b>echo 'ttyS3' >> /etc/securetty</b> |
1109 |
sh-2.05b# <b>sync; umount /</b> |
1110 |
</pre> |
1111 |
</ol> |
1112 |
|
1113 |
<p> |
1114 |
The system should now be ready for everyday use. |
1115 |
|
1116 |
<p> |
1117 |
Use this command to boot from the completely installed disk image:<pre> |
1118 |
$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -b -M64 -o 'console=ttyS3' -d debian.img</b> |
1119 |
|
1120 |
</pre> |
1121 |
|
1122 |
<p> |
1123 |
[ <font color="#ff0000">UPDATE 2005-01-19:</font> |
1124 |
Kaj-Michael Lang noticed that the current CVS-version of |
1125 |
<a href="http://www.linux-mips.org/">linux-mips</a> has |
1126 |
support for keyboards now, on DECstation 5000/200, so it is |
1127 |
possible to run Debian GNU/Linux with framebuffer/keyboard. |
1128 |
(Add <b><tt>-X</tt></b> (or <b><tt>-XY2</tt></b>) and remove the |
1129 |
<b><tt>console=ttyS3</tt></b> option.) He has made a kernel available here: |
1130 |
<a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation"> |
1131 |
http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/kernels/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation</a> |
1132 |
It has other problems (ethernet doesn't seem to work, for |
1133 |
example), but at least it doesn't Oops that often. ] |
1134 |
|
1135 |
|
1136 |
|
1137 |
|
1138 |
|
1139 |
|
1140 |
<p><br> |
1141 |
<a name="declinuxredhat"></a> |
1142 |
<h3>Running Redhat Linux for DECstation in GXemul:</h3> |
1143 |
|
1144 |
<font color="#ff0000">NOTE: This is experimental, and <i>extremely</i> |
1145 |
unstable. Read the note about <b><tt>-U</tt></b> in the section on how to |
1146 |
install Debian. |
1147 |
</font> |
1148 |
|
1149 |
<p> |
1150 |
|
1151 |
<a href="20041129-redhat_mips.png"><img src="20041129-redhat_mips_small.png"></a> |
1152 |
|
1153 |
<p> |
1154 |
The following steps should let you run Redhat Linux for DECstation in GXemul: |
1155 |
|
1156 |
<p> |
1157 |
<ol> |
1158 |
<li>Download a kernel. This is a Debian kernel, but it works fine:<pre> |
1159 |
<a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/</a> |
1160 |
<a href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/testing/main/installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02">installer-mipsel/current/images/cdrom/vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</a> |
1161 |
|
1162 |
</pre> |
1163 |
<li>Download a root filesystem tree:<pre> |
1164 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/</a> |
1165 |
<a href="ftp://ftp.uni-wuppertal.de/pub/linux/mips/mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz">mipsel-linux/root/mipsel-root-20011216.tgz</a> |
1166 |
19486676 bytes, md5 = 5bcb725c90209479cd7ead8ad0c4a414 |
1167 |
|
1168 |
</pre> |
1169 |
<li>This is the tricky part: Create an ext2 filesystem image called redhat.img using |
1170 |
the filesystem tree you just downloaded. The disk image should have a MS-DOS |
1171 |
partition table (!), and then one or more ext2 partitions. |
1172 |
(Use loopback mount, or similar. This is probably easiest to do on a Linux host.) |
1173 |
However, in order to actually boot the system you need to modify /etc/fstab. |
1174 |
Change<pre> |
1175 |
/dev/root / nfs defaults 1 1 |
1176 |
#/dev/sdc1 / ext2 defaults 1 1 |
1177 |
none /proc proc defaults 0 0 |
1178 |
none /dev/pts devpts mode=0622 0 0 |
1179 |
|
1180 |
</pre>to<pre> |
1181 |
#/dev/root / nfs defaults 1 1 |
1182 |
/dev/sda1 / ext2 defaults 1 1 |
1183 |
none /proc proc defaults 0 0 |
1184 |
none /dev/pts devpts mode=0622 0 0 |
1185 |
|
1186 |
</pre>(Note sda1 instead of sdc1.) |
1187 |
<p> |
1188 |
<li>To boot Linux, start the emulator like this:<pre> |
1189 |
$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -b -M128 -o \ |
1190 |
"console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 ro" -d redhat.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b> |
1191 |
|
1192 |
</pre> |
1193 |
</ol> |
1194 |
|
1195 |
<p> |
1196 |
If you need to boot into single user mode, try the following:<pre> |
1197 |
$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -U -b -o "console=ttyS3 root=/dev/sda1 rw init=/bin/sh" \ |
1198 |
-d redhat.img vmlinux-2.4.27-r3k-kn02</b> |
1199 |
|
1200 |
</pre> |
1201 |
|
1202 |
<p> |
1203 |
Redhat Linux on DECstation in R3000 mode should work fine with dynamic binary |
1204 |
translation (enabled by the <b>-b</b> command line option). |
1205 |
|
1206 |
<p> |
1207 |
NOTE: You can add <b>-X</b> and remove <b>console=ttyS3</b> from the command |
1208 |
line, if you want to use a graphical framebuffer. Unfortunately, Linux |
1209 |
doesn't have support for keyboards on DECstation 5000/200 yet, so you cannot |
1210 |
actually interact with the sytem. :-( |
1211 |
|
1212 |
<p> |
1213 |
[ <font color="#ff0000">UPDATE 2005-01-22:</font> |
1214 |
Read the 2005-01-19 update in the Debian section above, and then, if |
1215 |
you do not need ethernet support, try Kaj-Michael Lang's kernel compiled |
1216 |
from <a href="http://www.linux-mips.org/">linux-mips</a>' CVS. |
1217 |
<a href="http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/patches/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation"> |
1218 |
http://home.tal.org/~milang/o2/patches/vmlinux-2.4.29-rc2-r3k-mipsel-decstation</a> |
1219 |
It should work with framebuffer/keyboard. ] |
1220 |
|
1221 |
|
1222 |
|
1223 |
|
1224 |
|
1225 |
|
1226 |
<p><br> |
1227 |
<a name="mach"></a> |
1228 |
<h3>Running Mach/PMAX in GXemul:</h3> |
1229 |
|
1230 |
Read the following link if you want to know more about Mach in general: |
1231 |
<a href="http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/www/mach.html"> |
1232 |
http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/www/mach.html</a> |
1233 |
|
1234 |
<p> |
1235 |
<font color="#ff0000">NOTE: Mach for DECstation requires some files |
1236 |
(called 'startup' and 'emulator') which I haven't been able to find |
1237 |
on the web. Without these, Mach will not get very far. These |
1238 |
installation instructions are preliminary. |
1239 |
</font> |
1240 |
|
1241 |
<p> |
1242 |
|
1243 |
<a href="20041018-mach_pmax.png"><img src="20041018-mach_pmax_small.png"></a> |
1244 |
|
1245 |
<p> |
1246 |
The following steps should let you experiment with running Mach |
1247 |
for DECstation in the emulator: |
1248 |
|
1249 |
<p> |
1250 |
<ol> |
1251 |
<li>Compile gxemul with cache emulation: (<b>NOTE: --enable-caches</b>)<pre> |
1252 |
$ <b>./configure --enable-caches; make</b> |
1253 |
|
1254 |
</pre> |
1255 |
<li>Download the pmax binary distribution for Mach 3.0:<pre> |
1256 |
<a href="http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z">http://lost-contact.mit.edu/afs/athena/user/d/a/daveg/Info/Links/Mach/src/release/pmax.tar.Z</a> |
1257 |
7263343 bytes, md5 = f9d76c240a6e169921a1df99ad560cc0 |
1258 |
|
1259 |
</pre> |
1260 |
<li>Extract the Mach kernel:<pre> |
1261 |
$ <b>tar xfvz pmax.tar.Z pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b> |
1262 |
|
1263 |
</pre> |
1264 |
<li>Create an empty disk image:<pre> |
1265 |
$ <b>dd if=/dev/zero of=disk.img bs=1 count=512 seek=400000000</b> |
1266 |
|
1267 |
</pre> |
1268 |
<li>Load the contents of pmax.tar.Z onto the disk image. This is |
1269 |
complicated, and should be described in more detail some time. |
1270 |
For now, use your imagination. (For example using OpenBSD/pmax: |
1271 |
<i>disklabel -E rz1; newfs -O /dev/rz1a; |
1272 |
mount /dev/rz1a /mnt; cd /mnt; download pmax.tar.Z using ftp; |
1273 |
tar xzvf pmax.tar.Z; mv pmax_mach/* .; rmdir pmax_mach; |
1274 |
mkdir mach_servers; |
1275 |
cd mach_servers; |
1276 |
cp ../etc/mach_init .; |
1277 |
cp ../tests/test_service startup; |
1278 |
dd if=/dev/zero of=paging_file bs=65536 count=400; |
1279 |
cd /; sync; umount /mnt</i>) |
1280 |
<p> |
1281 |
<li>Start the emulator with the following command:<pre> |
1282 |
$ <b>gxemul -E dec -e 3max -X -d disk.img \ |
1283 |
pmax_mach/special/mach.boot.MK83.STD+ANY</b> |
1284 |
|
1285 |
</pre> |
1286 |
</ol> |
1287 |
|
1288 |
|
1289 |
|
1290 |
|
1291 |
|
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